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Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of selenium in the diet of mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and Gary H. Heinz
Pages
477-490
Year
Volume
24
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 10,25 ppm (as selenite), 10 ppm (as selenomethionine) number of embryos showing malformations or embryotoxicity compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 5-11 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 8, 16 ppm incidence of malformed embyros compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 5-11 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic hepatotoxicity of selenomethionine ingestion in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Gary H. Heinz, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Christine M. Bunck and David E. Greene
Pages
449-464
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 32 ppm body weight, liver DNA:RNA ratio, hematocrit compared to controls Male Adult 10 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 2 yr Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 16, 32 ppm hemoglobin concentration compared to controls Male Adult 10 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 2 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages

Author(s)
Hudson, R.H., R.K. Tucker and M.A. Haegele
Pages
556-561
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PROPOXUR 7.38 (5.97-9.14), 12.7 (10.2-15.9), 14.6 (12.4-17.4), 9.58 (7.61-12.1) LD50's determined at ages 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, and 6 mos, respectively (95% CI in parenth.) Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, or 6 mos Laboratory
PARATHION 2.34 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mos Laboratory
DICROTOPHOS 6.17 (3.33-11.4), 7.03 (5.30-9.31), 6.73 (5.53-8.19), 4.14 (3.33-5.16) LD50's determined at ages 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, and 6 mos, respectively (95% CI in parenth.) Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets 36 hr, 7 d, 30 d, or 6 mos Laboratory
CHLORPYRIFOS 145 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets 36 hours Laboratory
Citation:

Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
394-401
Year
Issue
2
Volume
43
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE increased in 2nd generation proportion of eggs laid outside nestbox Female Adult 14 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE no effect hatchability and duckling survival versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 14 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity and estimated water quality criteria values in mallard ducklings exposed to pentachlorophenol

Author(s)
Nebeker, A.V., W.L. Griffis and G.S. Schuytema
Pages
33-36
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PENTACHLOROPHENOL 12.2 +/- 2.3 ug/g lipid, 20.7 +/- 3.7 ug/g liver, 3.3 +/- 1.6 ug/g muscle, 2.6 +/- 1.5 ug/g brain at 423.2 ug/g diet mean +/- SD tissue concentrations at the reported NOAEL (development) Not Reported Juvenile 6-8 Toxicity Factor Datasets 4 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of p-p'-DDE administered in vivo and in vitro on Ca2+ binding and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in egg shell gland mucosa of ducks

Author(s)
Lundholm, C.E.
Pages
121-129
Year
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 32% decrease @ 40 mg/kg Ca2+-Mg2+ ATPase activity in eggshell gland mucosa homogenates, compared to controls Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 44% increase @ 40 mg/kg calcium content (umol/g dry weight) of eggshell gland mucosa, compared to controls Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of boron on growth and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Michael B. Camardese, Leonard J. Lecaptain
Pages
335-346
Year
Volume
9
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID decrease @ 400 and 1600 ppm brain ATP (nmol/g) and protein (mg/g) concentrations Both Male and Female Juvenile 10 animals/pen; 3 pens/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
BORIC ACID 1 ug/g @ controls; 3 ug/g @ 100 ppm; 3 ug/g @ 400 ppm; 29 ug/g @ 1600 ppm liver boron concentration (geometric mean; ug/g dry weight) Both Male and Female Juvenile 10 animals/pen; 3 pens/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Oil and related toxicant effects on mallard immune defenses

Author(s)
Rocke, T.E., T.M. Yuill and R.D. Hinsdill
Pages
343-352
Year
Volume
33
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CRUDE OILS increase @ 4.0 ml/kg susceptibility to Pasturella multocida estimated as % mortality 2-wks post-exposure to Pasturella multocida which was given on day 28 Male Adult 10-32/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CRUDE OILS, FUEL OILS no effect antibody-mediated immunity estimated by direct spleen plaque-forming cell assays (PFCs/g spleen); mallards inoculated with sheep red blood cells on day 24 Male Adult 9/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of dietary acid or aluminum on growth and growth-related hormones in mallard ducklings (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Capdevielle, M.C. and C.G. Scanes
Pages
462-468
Year
Volume
29
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE decrease @ 0.5% body weight, average daily weight gain and tibiotarsus length, compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
ALUMINUM SULFATE 3.59 ppm dry wt @ control, 5.16 ppm @ 0.1%, 15.52 ppm @ 0.05% liver aluminum concentrations (ppm, dry wt) in ducklings Not Reported Juvenile 8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic dietary toxicity of strychnine: bobwhite quail are less sensitive than mallard ducks.

Author(s)
Sterner, R.T., C.A. Pederson, B.R. Helsten, and M.J. Goodall
Pages
498-505
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) increased @ 484.2, 972.0 ug/g diet (nominal concentrations) incidence of mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) increased @ 235.0, 484.2, 972.0 ug/g (nominal concentrations) incidence of clinical signs versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Kinetics of selenium incorporation into tissues of female mallard ducks

Author(s)
Wilson, David S., Peng Zhang, Rong He, Ron Ota, Stanley T. Omaye
Pages
51-60
Year
Volume
122
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENITE, SODIUM figure/table figures and tables of selenium concentration over time (% of administered dose) Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Diagnostic criteria for selenium toxicosis in aquatic birds: Dietary exposure, tissue concentrations and macroscopic effects

Author(s)
Albers, Peter H., D. Earl Green and Caroline J. Sanderson
Pages
468-485
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 40 ppm incidence of macroscopic abnormalities of muscles, claws and feathers versus controls Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased in birds that died mean weights of heart, spleen, pancreas, testis versus controls Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of boron and selenium on mallard reproduction and duckling growth and survival

Author(s)
Stanley, Thomas R., Jr., Gregory J. Smith, David J. Hoffman, Gary H. Heinz, and Roger Rosscoe
Pages
1124-1132
Year
Issue
7
Volume
15
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced @ 7 ppm Se body weight and weight gain at 7 and 14 days post-hatch versus 3.5 ppm Se group Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 3.5 ppm Se survival between 7 and 14 days post-hatch versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment to mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, G.H., D.J. Hoffman, L. Sileo, D.J. Audet, and L.J. LeCaptain
Pages
323-333
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD COMPOUNDS increased @ 642 and 1284 ug/g occurrence of renal tubular nuclear inclusion bodies versus controls Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
LEAD COMPOUNDS 3.0(0.30) ppm @ 642 ug/g Pb; 6.8(0.84) ppm @ 1284 ug/g Pb mean (SE) wet wt Pb concentrations in blood Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Acute effects of lead, steel, tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot administered to game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Kelly, M.E., S.D. Fitzgerald, R.J. Aulerich, R.J. Balander, D.C. Powell, R.L. Stickle, W. Stevens, C. Cray, R.J. Tempelman and S.J. Bursian
Pages
673-687
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS increased for lead shot, steel and tungsten-iron groups iron concentrations in femur and liver versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mo Laboratory
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS 10.3(0.7) ppm in femur, 14.1(0.6) ppm in liver, 6.8(0.2) in kidneys mean(SE) dry wt tungsten concentrations in tissues of tungsten-iron-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mo Laboratory
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS increased for lead, steel shot renal concentrations of iron versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., and Gary H. Heinz
Pages
161-166
Year
Issue
2
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Hg + 10 ppm Se plasma phosphorus concentrations versus controls Male Adult 12/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 mo Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 10 ppm Hg glutathione peroxidase activity (plasma and liver) and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (liver and brain) versus controls Male Adult 12/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of ingested bismuth alloy shot in game-farm mallards: Chronic health effects and effects on reproduction

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Karen L. Duncan, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey D. Brawn and James W. Seets
Pages
217-252
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) decreased with Pb liver weight versus controls (females only) Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6-8 mo Laboratory
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no effect with Fe or Bi onset of lay and time to lay 21 eggs versus controls Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6-8 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Heat exposure and the toxicity of one number four lead shot in mallards, Anas platyrhynchos

Author(s)
Srebocan, Emil and Barnett A. Rattner
Pages
165-169
Year
Volume
40
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental) increased blood protoporphyrin levels versus controls Male Juvenile 8 Laboratory Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 months Laboratory
Citation:

Marked DDE impairment of mallard reproduction in controlled studies

Author(s)
Heath, R.G., J.W. Spann and J.F. Kreitzer
Pages
47-48
Year
Volume
224
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) decreased eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 20-28, 21-25, and 10-23 for the 0, 10, and 40 ppm DDE groups Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of Zectran insecticide to several wildlife species

Author(s)
Tucker, Richard K. and D. Glen Crabtree
Pages
1307-1310
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
MEXACARBATE 3.0 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Not Reported 12 Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 - 5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

DDE, PTH, and Eggshell Thinning in Mallard, Pheasant and Ring Dove

Author(s)
Haseltine, S., K. Uelbelhart, T. Peterle and S. Lustick
Pages
139-145
Year
Issue
2
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 17% decrease serum calcium versus controls Female Adult 6 hens; 45 total eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIELDRIN no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of aqueous and dietary exposure of dieldrin on survival, growth and bioconcentration in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Nebeker, Alan V., William L. Griffis, Thomas W. Stutzman, Gerald S. Schuytema, Lori A. Carey and Susan M. Scherer
Pages
687-699
Year
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN 706 - 1,995 steady state bioconcentration factor for lipid, calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses Not Reported Juvenile 8-16/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d at initiation Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect egg production during study period Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDT thins shells of eggs from mallard ducks maintained on ad libitum or controlled-feeding regimes

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
222-232
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIELDRIN 6% decrease @ 10 ppm eggshell thickness Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lindane, paraquat, toxaphene and 2,4,5-trichlorphenoxyacetic acid on mallard embryo development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
79-86
Year
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PARAQUAT 0.1 lbs AI/acre (slope = 2.10) for exposure of 3d embryo; 0.2 lbs AI/acre (slope = 3.29) for exposure of 8d embryo LC50 Not Reported Embryo 30/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 or 8d of development Laboratory
Citation:

Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J. and Elizabeth Kolbe
Pages
853-860
Year
Issue
4
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DICROTOPHOS 0% @ 5 mg/L percent mortality Not Reported Juvenile 4-5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 2 weeks old Laboratory
Citation:

Dietary toxicity tests with mallards, simulating residue decline of chlorpyrifos and avoidance of treated food

Author(s)
Kenaga, E.E., R.J. Fink and J.B. Beavers
Pages
36-44
Publisher
American Society for Testing and Materials
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CHLORPYRIFOS 644 ppm (declining to 141 ppm over 11 d) 5 day dietary LC50, when 5 day residue half life was simulated Not Reported Juvenile 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
472-485
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
MALATHION increased @ 125 lb/acre cumulative mortality by day 18 compared with controls Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James and Steven P. Bradbury
Pages
885-897
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
FONOFOS 67.1% (4.9 SE) brain cholinesterase inhibition compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile 36/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Louis Sileo and Helen C. Murray
Pages
128-136
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEPTOPHOS decreased @ 270, 540 ppm body weight compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Tissue residues of lindane in domestic duck (Anas platyrhynchos domesticus) following its repeated oral administration

Author(s)
Mandal, Aditya, Jagadbandhu Chakrabarti and Pulak Lahiri
Pages
56-57
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
LINDANE serum (0.50); fat (1.14); muscle (0.82); kidney (0.28); liver (0.21); brain (0.13) ppm @ 20 mg/kg 7x/wk mean lindane residue levels Female Adult 5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets laying Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary vanadium in mallard ducks

Author(s)
White, Donald H. and Michael P. Dieter
Pages
43-50
Year
Volume
4
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
VANADYL SULFATE increased @ 100 ppm plasma cholesterol levels in drakes and laying hens Both Male and Female Adult 5 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Enzyme changes in mallard ducks fed iron or lead shot

Author(s)
Rozman, Robert S., Louis N. Locke and S. Finley McClure III
Pages
435-445
Year
Issue
3
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased with all treatments incidence of hemosiderosis in liver vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Tissue-specific bioenergetic effects and increased enzymatic activities following acute sublethal peroral exposure to cyanide in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Ma, Juntao and Chris A. Pritsos
Pages
297-302
Year
Volume
142
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CYANIDE decreased @ all doses ATP levels in liver and brain tissues versus controls Female Adult 5/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Lead in tissues of mallard ducks dosed with two types of lead shot

Author(s)
Finley, Mack T., Michael P. Dieter and Louis N. Locke
Pages
261-269
Year
Issue
3
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental) decreased with increasing lead in bone number of eggs laid Female Adult control=2 F, 4 M; treatment=6 M-F pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mos Laboratory
Citation:

Influence of dietary calcium on lead poisoning in mallard ducks (Anas platyrynchos)

Author(s)
Carlson, Brent L. and Svend W. Nielsen
Pages
276-282
Year
Issue
1
Volume
46
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) increased in all groups dosed with lead shot incidence of clinical signs, weight loss, breast muscle atrophy Both Male and Female Adult treatment = 10/group
control = 5 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of cadmium and lead ingestion on tissue concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Di Giulio, Richard T. and Patrick F. Scanlon
Pages
103-110
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE, LEAD CHLORIDE 67.8 (12.4) @ 10 ppm Cd; 371.8 (22.3) @ 100 ppm Cd; 3.4 (0.6) @ 100 ppm Pb; 201.0 (26.9) @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb (ug/g, dry wt) mean (SE) Cd concentrations in kidney Male Juvenile 6-8 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 128 d (at initiation) Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of arsenate on growth and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Camardese, Michael B., David J. Hoffman, Leonard J. LeCaptain and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
785-795
Year
Volume
9
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
ARSENATE, SODIUM decreased @ 30, 100, 300 ppm growth rate versus controls Female Juvenile 30 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of embedded tungsten-bismuth-tin shot and steel shot on mallards (Anas platyrynchos)

Author(s)
Kraabel, Brita J., Michael W. Miller, David M. Getzy and James K. Ringelman
Pages
1-8
Year
Issue
1
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
STEEL COMPOUNDS, TRIBUTYLTIN increased with steel shot, wk 8 overall response score (inflammation, muscle damage changes) Both Male and Female Juvenile 20/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks

Author(s)
White, Donald H. and Mack T. Finley
Pages
53-59
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 2.116 (@ 2 ppm), 19.510 (@ 20 ppm), 96.600 9@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in liver after 90 d of treatment Both Male and Female Adult 20 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Brain lesions in mallard ducklings from parents fed methylmercury

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H. and Louis N. Locke
Pages
9-17
Year
Issue
1
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE decreased @ 3 ppm duckling survival Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of seleno-L-methionine, seleno-DL-methionine, high selenium wheat, and selenized yeast to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H., David J. Hoffman and Leonard J. LeCaptain
Pages
93-99
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 30 ppm (as Se-met or yeast) body weights compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 25 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 day Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dieldrin in food on growth and bioaccumulation in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Nebeker, A.V., K.D. Dunn, W.L. Griffis and G.S. Schuytema
Pages
29-32
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN no effect total body weight, compared to control Not Reported Juvenile 4-6/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic and reproductive toxicity of emamectin benzoate to mallard ducks and northern bobwhite quail

Author(s)
O'Grodnick, Joseph S., Peter G. Wislocki, Kevin P. Keenan, Joann B. Beavers, Larry T. Frey, and Mark Jaber
Pages
2318-2324
Year
Issue
11
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EMAMECTIN BENZOATE no effect numbers of eggs laid and hatched, eggshell thickness, and 14-day hatchling survival versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 22 weeks Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of lead shot to wild black ducks and mallards fed natural foods.

Author(s)
Chasko, G.G., T.R. Hoehn and P. Howell-Heller
Pages
417-428
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) increased @ 5 shot (33%) and repeated 5 shot (40%) percent mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Not Reported 5-6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

p,p' - DDE - induced changes in the organic and inorganic structure of eggshells of the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos

Author(s)
Greenburg, R.R., Risebrough, R.W. and D.W. Anderson
Pages
279-286
Year
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-) decreased with all treatments numbers of mammillary cores and basal caps on eggshell membranes versus controls Female Adult 6-8 eggs/group from 10 hens Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Environmental contaminants in Canadian peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus: a toxicological assessment

Author(s)
Peakall, David B., David G. Noble, John E. Elliot, James D. Somers, and Gary Erickson
Pages
244-254
Year
Issue
2
Volume
104
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
OXYCHLORDANE review concentrations in brain associated with mortality (various raptor species) Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE review concentrations in eggs associated with reduced reproduction (various raptor species) Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla formerly Hyla regilla)

Citation:

Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and African clawed frog embryos

Author(s)
Schuytema, G.S. and A.V. Nebeker
Pages
200-206
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
AMMONIUM NITRATE 3.3 NOAEL for body weight and length mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE 30.3 10-d LC50 for embryos mg NH4-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 27.0 - 33.4 (95% CI) Laboratory

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Selenium accumulation in captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) fed selenomethionine and naturally incorporated selenium

Author(s)
Yamamoto, Julie T., Gary M. Santolo, and Barry W. Wilson
Pages
2494-2497
Year
Issue
12
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 7.5 ppm Se, dry wt maximum observed Se concentration in blood Both Male and Female Adult 10 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect incidence of mortality or signs of toxicity Both Male and Female Adult 9-10 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls to Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Elliot, John E., Sean W. Kennedy, Angela Lorenzen
Pages
57-75
Year
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 77 liver weight (as percent of body weight) versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with Aroclor 1254 coproporphyrin levels in liver versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Selenium accumulation and effects on reproduction in captive American kestrels fed selenomethionine

Author(s)
Santolo, Gary M., Julie T. Yamamoto, Jacqueline M. Pisenti, Barry W. Wilson
Pages
502-511
Year
Issue
2
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect egg mass, width, length, and volume versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE reduced @ 12 ppm Se ratio of # fertile eggs to total # eggs laid versus 6 ppm Se group Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of chronic dietary lead in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Franson, J. Christian, Louis Sileo, Oliver H. Pattee and John F. Moore
Pages
110-113
Year
Issue
2
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) increase at 50 ppm
1.3 ppm (1.00 SD) males; 2.4 ppm (1.40 SD) females 		mean lead concentration in liver Both Male and Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) no effect mean organ and carcass weights Both Male and Female Adult 16 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Enzymatic changes in the oviduct associated with DDE-induced eggshell thinning in the kestrel, Falco sparverius

Author(s)
Bird, David M., David B. Peakall and David S. Miller
Pages
22-24
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect calcium concentration in blood Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Accumulation of lead and organochlorine residues in captive American kestrels fed pine voles from apple orchards

Author(s)
Stendell, Rey C., W. Nelson Beyer and Robert A. Stehn
Pages
388-391
Year
Issue
3
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, LEAD COMPOUNDS 232 (9 SE) ppm (wet wt) DDE concentration in carcass Female Juvenile 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Acute toxicity of four anticholinesterase insecticides to American kestrels, eastern screech owls, and northern bobwhites

Author(s)
Wiemeyer, Stanley N. and Donald W. Sparling
Pages
1139-1148
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
FENTHION 1.4 mg/kg bw LD50 Both Male and Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) effects on hepatic mixed function oxidases and porphyria in birds - II. American kestrel

Author(s)
Elliot, J.E., S.W. Kennedy, D. Jeffrey and L. Shutt
Pages
141-145
Year
Issue
1/2
Volume
99
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) 2.4 (control), 119.0 (PCB 153), 182.0 (PCB 105), 3.3 (PCB 126) mg/kg, wet weight PCB concentrations in pooled adipose tissue Female Adult 5-6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Short-term effects of oil ingestion on American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Pattee, Oliver H. and J. Chrisian Franson
Pages
235-241
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CRUDE OILS increased @ 3.0% food consumption Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Biochemical and hematological effects of lead ingestion in nestling American kestrels

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., J. Christian Franson, Oliver H. Pattee, Christine M. Bunck, and Helen C. Murray
Pages
431-439
Year
Issue
2
Volume
80
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) 31% decrease at 625 mg/kg bw
14% decrease at 125 mg/kg bw 		hematocrit Both Male and Female Nestling 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation

Author(s)
Powell, Debra, Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Don E. Tillitt, Mary E. Kelly, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Mark J. Melancon, Scott D. Fitzgerald, and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
2035-2040
Year
Issue
10
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased @ 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg mortality in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg mortality in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase-inducing potency in ovo and cytosolic Ah receptor binding affinity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: comparison of four avian species

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
131-145
Year
Volume
132
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) observed at 3, 10, 100 ug/kg edema Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

Citation:

Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin in larval and adult forms of Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Beatty, Patrick W., Myron A. Holscher and Robert A. Neal
Pages
578-581
Year
Issue
5
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect Both Male and Female Adult 5 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect histopathological changes in liver, kidney, lung, heart and gonads Both Male and Female Adult 5 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Acute toxicities of toxaphene and endrin to larvae of seven species of amphibians

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J. and Douglas M. Swineford
Pages
331-336
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
ENDRIN > 40 ug/l EC50; Loss of equilibrium Not Reported Tadpole 220 animals Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative toxicity of diuron on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog, bullfrog, red-legged frog and African clawed frog embryos and tadpoles

Author(s)
Schuytema, G.S. and A.V. Nebeker
Pages
370-376
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIURON 7.6 mg/l lowest NOAEL based on body weight endpoint Not Reported Tadpole 5/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 15 mo Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Influence of feeding chlorocholine chloride and glyphosine on selected immune parameters in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Olson, Leon J. and Ronald D. Hinsdill
Pages
103-114
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE decrease @ 80 mg/kg bw/d reciprocal of hemolysin titers (against sheep rbc) Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE increase @ 20, 80 mg/kg bw/d liver weight to body weight ratio Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of the organophosphate pesticide Counter on laboratory deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Block, Elizabeth, K., Thomas E. Lacher, Jr. and Ronald J. Kendall
Pages
377-383
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TERBUFOS increase @ 1.69 and 2.48 mg/kg incidence of tremors and rapid breathing Both Male and Female Not Reported 70 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Lead poisoning in roadside populations of deer mice

Author(s)
Mierau, Gary W. and Blaise E. Favara
Pages
55-64
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD ACETATE no effect litter mortality Both Male and Female Adult 5 breeding pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets 2-3 mo Laboratory

Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)

Citation:

Primary and secondary hazards of three rodenticides to kit fox

Author(s)
Schitoskey, Frank, Jr.
Pages
416-418
Year
Issue
2
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE 0.22 mg/kg bw (95% CI; 0.15 - 0.34 mg/kg) LD50 Not Reported Adult 2 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on captive mourning dove survivability and reproduction

Author(s)
Buerger, Theodore T., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
1-8
Year
Issue
1
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) no effect female fertility or productivity, egg weight and size Female Adult 25 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Lead and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in the blood of mourning doves dosed with lead

Author(s)
Castrale, John S., and Mark Oster
Pages
265-272
Year
Volume
102
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) increased at all doses lead concentrations in blood Both Male and Female Adult 10 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Long-term effects of 4-aminopyridine exposure to birds and fish

Author(s)
Schafer, E.W., Jr. and L.L. Marking
Pages
807-811
Year
Issue
4
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AMINOPYRIDINE (4-) 316 ppm dietary LC50 Not Reported Adult 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Secondary poisoning of owls by anticoagulant rodenticides

Author(s)
Mendenhall, V.M. and L.F. Pank
Pages
311-315
Year
Issue
4
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIPHACINONE 4.1-5.5 mg doses resulting in symptoms and death in 2/3 birds within 14 days Not Reported Adult 3 owls Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Fluoroacetate residues in ground squirrel and coyote tissues due to primary or secondary 1080 poisoning

Author(s)
Casper, Howard H., Michael E. Mount, Rex E. Marsh and Robert H. Schmidt
Pages
441-442
Year
Volume
69
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE increase @ 535-9754 ppb all coyotes died after ingesting 1-2 ground squirrels poisoned with sodium monofluoroacetate Not Reported Pup 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
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