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Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)

Citation:

Ecology of the desert kit fox, Vulpes macrotis arsipus, in the Mojave Desert of southern California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Thomas P. and Larry Gilbertson
Pages
1-15
Year
Issue
1
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Longevity 2.4 measured from time of capture to time of last capture or radio-telemetry location mo Both Male and Female Adult 13 foxes Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 0.7 SE
Body Weight - Mean 2034 g Male Adult 15 foxes Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 78 SE

Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Citation:

Energy expenditure in free-ranging lizards

Author(s)
Bennett, Albert F. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Pages
697-700
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Metabolic Rate 0.035 resting metabolic rate at 18.5C, estimated as carbon dioxide production rate ml CO2/g/hr Both Male and Female Adult 11 Ecology Research Area, University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets reproductively active 0.002SE
Metabolic Rate 0.052 resting metabolic rate at 18.5C, estimated as carbon dioxide production rate ml CO2/g/hr Not Reported Juvenile 4 Ecology Research Area, University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.012SE
Citation:

Fat and breeding cycles in two montane populations of Sceloporus occidentalis (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguandidae)

Author(s)
Jameson, E.W. Jr. and Allen Allison
Pages
211-220
Year
Issue
3
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported central Sierra Nevada (elev., 1500 or 2200m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 20 mo Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported central Sierra Nevada (elev., 1500 or 2200m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal profiles of standard metabolic rate of lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) in relation to latitude

Author(s)
Tsuji, Joyce S.
Pages
230-240
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of means for 6 monthly sampling periods; mean snout-vent length range, 68.5 - 76.8 mm g Male Adult 7-12 animals/month Chatsworth [lat., 34^o25' N] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A field study of the growth and behavior of the fence lizard

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
151-172
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Nov. - Mar. Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 93 Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Hills Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Respiratory changes during attempted induced hibernation in Sceloporus occidentalis in San Diego County, California

Author(s)
Mazzarella, Daral B.
Pages
310-314
Year
Issue
2
Volume
1976
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean g Not Reported Not Reported 60 U.S. International University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets San Diego
Citation:

Growth and size of the Western Fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Author(s)
Davis, John
Pages
721-731
Year
Volume
1967
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition July - Sept. Both Male and Female Hatchling Not Reported Hastings Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

San Joaquin Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. biseriatus)

Citation:

Ovarian cycle of the western fence lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
284-289
Year
Issue
3
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1-3 clutches/yr Female Adult 118 Puente Hills and San Gabriel River, Whittier Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - July time of mating and laying Female Adult 118 Puente Hills and San Gabriel River, Whittier Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles

California Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the California clapper rail in South San Francisco Bay

Author(s)
Harvey, Thomas E.
Pages
98-104
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 0.69 mean breeding density based on rope drag and call count data birds/ha Both Male and Female Adult 55 ha south San Francisco Bay - Ideal Marsh Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 7.37 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Female Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 0.242 SE
Food Ingestion Rate 5.96 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Male Pup 5 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 0.405 SE
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Growth Rate daily weight gain; range of means for 2 yrs g/d Male Pup 5-9/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Citation:

The pinnipeds of the California current

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A. and Clifford H. Fiscus
Pages
68-78
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 100 kg Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

California sea lion distribution: A statistical analysis of aerial transect data

Author(s)
Bonnell, Michael L. and R. Glenn Ford
Pages
13-20
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density see citation maps of sea lion densities #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported southern California Bight Exposure Factor Datasets

Northwestern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis)

Citation:

The diet of the pacific fence lizard, Scleoporus occidentalis occidentalis (Baird and Girard), from northern California

Author(s)
Johnson, Clifford Ray
Pages
114-117
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Thysanura (0.5%); Collembola (1.0%); Dermaptera (0.5%); Orthoptera (37.1%); Isoptera (6.2%); Ephemeroptera (0.5%); Plecoptera (2.9%); Homoptera (5.7%); Hemiptera (27.6%); Coleoptera (42.4%); Diptera (47.1%); Lepidoptera (18.1%); Hymenoptera (20.9%); Isopoda (2.4%); Chilopoda (0.5%); Araneida (19.0%); Acarina (1.0%); S. occidentalis (1.4%) percent of lizards in which prey type occurred in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Adult 210 oak-grassland and creosote bush-rocky moutain terrain Exposure Factor Datasets Lake, Marin, Mendocino, Napa, San Mateo, Shasta, Sonoma, Tehama, Trinity

California Newt (Taricha torosa)

Citation:

Ontogenetic changes in California newts (Taricha torosa) in response to chemical cues from conspecific predators

Author(s)
Kats, Lee B., Jennifer A. Breeding and Kimberly M. Hanson
Pages
321-325
Year
Issue
2
Volume
13
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Duration of Incubation or Gestation time from egg to hatching wks Not Reported Embryo Not Reported Santa Monica Mountains Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Population Density 2.6 #/10 m2 Not Reported Adult Not Reported Santa Monica Mountains Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Citation:

The reproductive cycle in Taricha torosa (Triturus torosus)

Author(s)
Miller, Malcom R. and Marilyn E. Robbins
Pages
415-445
Year
Volume
125
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Body Weight - Mean range of means for 5 sampling dates g Female Adult 2-6/sampling date Palo Alto Exposure Factor Datasets unmatured gonads
Body Weight - Mean range of means for 8 sampling dates g Female Adult 1-6/sampling date Palo Alto Exposure Factor Datasets post-spawning
Citation:

Modified interactions between salamander life stages caused by wildfire-induced sedimentation

Author(s)
Kerby, J. Lawrence and Lee B. Kats
Pages
740-745
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition see citation figure of % of stomachs containing prey items over several yrs Not Reported Adult 17-52 Cold Creek and Trancas Creek, Santa Monica Mountains Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles

Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata formerly Clemmys marmorata)

Citation:

Habits and home range of the Pacific pond turtle, Clemmys marmorata, in a stream community

Author(s)
Bury, Richard Bruce
Pages
205
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 363 "distance between extremes" or maximum range on a linear scale m Not Reported Juvenile 18 Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity
Home Range 400 average distance moved along stream between relocations m Male Adult 19 Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:

Reproduction in a mountain population of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguanidae)

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
31-35
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult 162 San Gabriel Mountains (elev., 1585-1829m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 eggs/clutch Female Adult 162 San Gabriel Mountains (elev., 1585-1829m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles

Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis)

Citation:

Life history of the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Krekorian, C. O'Neil
Pages
415-424
Year
Issue
4
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 43.3 g Both Male and Female Adult 5 Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets 43-44 mo Riverside 9.7 SD
Body Weight - Mean 5.2 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 37 Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets 0-1 mo Riverside 1.0 SD
Citation:

Ontogenetic changes in diet, field metabolic rate, and water flux in the herbivorous lizard, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Mautz, William J. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Pages
640-658
Year
Issue
6
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Plant Species: Ambrosia dumosa (15.4%); Coldenia palmeri (68.3%); Croton californica (2.8%); Dalea emoryi (5.9%); Dalea schottii (5.6%); Arthropods (1.3%); Gravel (0.8%) mean % of total dry matter stomach contents % Not Reported Hatchling 12 Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Dietary Composition Plant Species: Ambrosia dumosa (6.1%); Coldenia palmeri (16.2%); Dalea emoryi (2.9%); Dalea schottii (26.7%); Geraea canescens (4.1%); Larrea divaricata (23.9%); Palafoxia linearis (3.4%); Rafinesquia neomexicana (0.4%); Unidentified vegetation (12.3%); Arthropods (3.0%) mean % of total dry matter stomach contents % Not Reported Hatchling 5 Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Diet, behavior and water turnover in the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Minnich, John E. and Vaughan H. Shoemaker
Pages
496-509
Year
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition see citation figure of % of food item in diet, based on dry weight of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 11-14/season or location Palm Desert and Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

The ecology of the desert iguana Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Norris, Kenneth S.
Pages
265-287
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Plants: Dicoria canescens (50%); Flower heads of composite (25%); Dalea emoryi ? (10%); Coldenia sp. (10%) % volume of total stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 8 Coachella Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Resident mourning doves in Berkeley, California

Author(s)
Leopold, A. Starker, and Mark F. Dedon
Pages
780-789
Year
Issue
3
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Longevity 1.53 mean life span yr Both Male and Female Adult 725 birds Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 0.19 SE

Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila formerly Gambelia silus)

Citation:

Growth and reproduction in two closely related species of leopard lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii

Author(s)
Tollestrup, Kristine
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
108
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Growth Rate increase in snout-vent length for juvenile to 9 mo period mm/mo Both Male and Female Juvenile 7 Pixley National Wildlife Refuge, Delano and Kettleman Hills Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, Kings, Tulare

Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard (Uma inornata)

Citation:

Feeding time strategies of the fringe-toed lizard, Uma inornata during breeding and non-breeding seasons

Author(s)
Durtsche, Richard D.
Pages
85-89
Year
Issue
1
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - Mar. Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Whitewater Floodplain Reserve, Palm Springs Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Island Night Lizard (Xantusia riversiana)

Citation:

Ecology of the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana, on Santa Barbara Island, California

Author(s)
Fellers, Gary M. and Charles A. Drost
Pages
28-78
Year
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 0.005 increase in snout-vent length (90-100 mm size class) mm/d Not Reported Not Reported Santa Barbara Island Exposure Factor Datasets 12.4 yr 0.004 SE
Citation:

Ecology and energetics of the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana, on San Clemente Island, California

Author(s)
Mautz, William J.
Pages
417-428
Publisher
Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean g Both Male and Female Neonate Not Reported San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets

California Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis ssp. californicus)

Citation:

Brown pelicans: influence of food supply on reproduction

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Franklin Gress, and Kenneth F. Mais
Pages
23-31
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate range of mean fledging rates (number of fledglings per built nest) over a 6 year period Not Reported Fledgling 76-1258 nests/year West Anacapa Island Exposure Factor Datasets

Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla formerly Hyla regilla)

Citation:

Food of the pacific treefrog, Hyla regilla Baird and Girard, in northern California

Author(s)
Johnson, Clifford Ray and R. Bruce Bury
Pages
56-55
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Collembola (8.2%); Lepidoptera larvae (14.8%); Hymenoptera (6.6%); Diptera adult (14.5%); Diptera larvae (8.2%); Coleoptera adults (32.8%); Coleoptera larvae (19.7%); Aranea (9.9%); Acarina (3.3%); Isopoda (9.9%); Chilopoda (4.9%); Pulmonata (11.3%); Megadrili (4.9%) % frogs in which each item occurred in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 61 Lakeport (elev., 1300 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Lake
Citation:

Metabolic and morphological adaptation to heterogenous environments of the Pacific tree toad, Hyla regilla

Author(s)
Jameson, David L., William Taylor and John Mountjoy
Pages
75-89
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 2.27 g Both Male and Female Adult 90 Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, MEXICO

Southern Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. sigillatum)

Citation:

A comparison of the life histories of coastal and montane populations of Ambystoma macrodactylum in California

Author(s)
Anderson, James D.
Pages
323-355
Year
Issue
2
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying May - June time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Big Meadow (elev., 1980m) and Mosquito Lakes (elev., 2450 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Alpine, Calaveras

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Home range and mobility of brush rabbits in California chaparral

Author(s)
Connell, Joseph H.
Pages
392-405
Year
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 0.9 #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 10 Berkeley Hills Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Movement patterns of brush rabbits in northwestern California

Author(s)
Shields, Paul W.
Pages
381-386
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 191 mean range diameter ft Female Juvenile 22 Humboldt Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Jan. - Dec. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Seasonal variation in body weight, fat, and behaviour of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, Kay E. and Scott Nunes
Pages
1425-1433
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Error
Body Weight - Mean 526 g Female Adult 233 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus ( elev., 120 m) [lat., 37^0W; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz non-reproductive 6 SE
Citation:

Energy metabolism and evaporative water loss in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Baudinette, Russel V.
Pages
57-72
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 402.3 g Not Reported Not Reported 10 University of California, Irvine Exposure Factor Datasets Orange
Citation:

Energy requirements and diet of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Schitoskey, Frank, Jr. and Sarah R. Woodmansee
Pages
373-382
Year
Issue
2
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition see citation list of mean % of 25 items in monthly diets, based on stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 12-40/mo San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets Madera

Western Grebe (Aechmophorus occidentalis)

Citation:

The diving and feeding activity of the western grebe on the breeding grounds

Author(s)
Lawrence, George E.
Pages
3-16
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Ascaradina (3), Gastropoda (10, Orthoptera (2), Hemiptera (2), Diptera (1), Coleoptera (4), Siluridae (4), Centrarchidae (77), plant (4) % of total stomach content volume % Not Reported Adult 27 birds Clear Lake Exposure Factor Datasets Lake

Light-footed Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris ssp. levipes)

Citation:

Nesting habitat of the light-footed clapper rail in southern California

Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W., Richard Zembal and Paul D. Jorgensen
Pages
67-80
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Hatching Success 81% proportion of nests in which at least one egg hatched Both Male and Female Hatchling 130 nests Tijuana Marsh, Upper Newport and Anaheim Bays Exposure Factor Datasets Orange

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Extra-large body size in California voles: causes and fitness consequences

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z., and Richard S. Ostfield
Pages
108-121
Year
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Body Weight - Mean "extra large" body weight (12.6 % of population) g Male Adult 121 Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets >25 d Contra Costa
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure relating fat content to body weight g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 44 Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus II. variation between populations

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
1174-1182
Year
Issue
6
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 3.45 inhabiting perennial grassland enclosure pups/litter Female Adult 20 captured in Sonoma County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.32 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic changes in fluctuating populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krebs, Charles J.
Pages
239-273
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Survival/ Mortality range of mean minimum survival rates per 14 d Male Juvenile 2 periods of weekly sampling Tilden Regional Park Exposure Factor Datasets "subadults" (26-39 g)

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Reproduction, survival and tag loss in California sea otters

Author(s)
Siniff, Donald B., and Katherine Ralls
Pages
211-229
Year
Issue
3
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Clutches or Litters per year 0.9 annual reproductive rate based on number of pups born during monitoring period pups/year Female Adult 13 animals Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

Movement and spatial use patterns of California sea otters

Author(s)
Ralls, Katherine, Thomas C. Eagle and Donald B. Siniff
Pages
1841-1849
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range daily home range, estimated from hourly trangulations during 24-hr watches using the minimum convex polygon method ha Male Adult 9 animals Monterey to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Movements, home range, and territories of male sea otters off central California

Author(s)
Jameson, Ronald J.
Pages
159-172
Year
Issue
2
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 15 maximum density at this time of year per 1000 ha Male Adult 7 Central coast Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range and territoriality of sea otters near Monterey, California

Author(s)
Loughlin, T.R.
Year
Issue
3
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Home Range 44 Home range for non-territorial males ha Male Adult 7 Monterey Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey 13.36 SE

San Joaquin Antelope Squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)

Citation:

Food and moisture requirements of the Nelson antelope ground squirrel

Author(s)
Hawbecker, Albert C.
Pages
115-125
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition see citation figure of monthly % food types in stomach contents % Not Reported Adult Not Reported Los Banos (elev., 200-500') and Mendota (elev., 400-500') Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno, Merced

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Great horned owl food habits at Mono Lake, California

Author(s)
Aigner, Paul A., Michael L. Morrison, Linnea S. Hall, and William M. Block
Pages
286-288
Year
Issue
3
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Sylvilagus spp. (1.0%), unident. lagomorphs (0.2%), Peromyscus maniculatus (42.%), Microtus monatus (23.7%), unident. rodents (2.9%), Myotis spp. (1.9%), unident. mammal (1.5%), Podiceps nigricollis (1.0%), unident. rail (0.2%), Larus californicus (1.7%), unident. owl (0.4%), unident. blackbird (0.4%), unident. large bird (4.6%), unident. medium bird (1.2%), unident. small bird (6.9%), unident. vertebrate (1.0%), insects (8.3%), scorpions (0.4%) percent occurence of prey items in pellets Not Reported Not Reported 219 pellets, 518 remains Paoha Island, Mono Lake Exposure Factor Datasets Mono
Citation:

Predation by owls in the Sierran foothills of California

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
137-151
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density density based on call counts birds/2000 ac Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 7 counts San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets Madera

California Least Tern (Sterna antillarum ssp. browni)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the California least tern

Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W.
Pages
1-24
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 20 approximate age of fledging (first flight) d Not Reported Fledgling 2 birds Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach Exposure Factor Datasets Orange

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean monthly weights g Male Adult 3-10/mo San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

The ecology of the salt-marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) in a diked salt marsh

Author(s)
Geissel, Wolfgang, Howard Shellhammer and H. Thomas Harvey
Pages
696-703
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 1300 m2 Female Adult 4 New Chicago Marsh, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 36.2 g Male Adult 162 Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 3.7 SD

Bushtit (Psaltriparus minumus)

Citation:

A comparison of transects and point counts in oak-pine woodlands of California

Author(s)
Verner, Jared and Lyman V. Ritter
Pages
47-68
Year
Volume
87
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Population Density 71.2 density estimate on a grazed plot by transect counts using an exponential polynomial model birds/40 ha Not Reported Not Reported 64 birds San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets Madera 49.6-92.8 95% CI

Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii)

Citation:

Patterns of growth and movements in a population of Ensatina eschscholtzii platensis (caudata: plethodontidae) in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Staub, N.L., C.W. Brown and D.B. Wake
Pages
593-599
Year
Issue
4
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Home Range 21.7 mean final distance from original site of capture m Male Adult Not Reported Calaveras Big Trees State Park (elev., 1400m) Exposure Factor Datasets Calaveras 2.1
Citation:

Natural history of the salamanders of the plethodontid genus Ensatina

Author(s)
Stebbins, Robert C.
Pages
47-124
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density estimated maximum density #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa

Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition grain (30.8), weed seed (5.3), miscell. vegetable (0.6), Coleoptera (21.3), Orthoptera (20.3), Lepidoptera (12.2), Hemiptera (1.7), Hymenoptera (5.6), Diptera (0.1), Arachnida (0.2), miscell. insects (1.9) percent contribution to the diet by volume, based on stomach content analyses % Not Reported Not Reported ~2,000 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus ssp. nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus ssp. nivosus)

Citation:

Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous snowy plovers

Author(s)
Warriner, John S., Jane C. Warriner, Gary W. Page and Lynne E. Stenzel
Pages
15-37
Year
Issue
1
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Mar 23 to Jul 13 period between onset and end of egg laying Female Adult 6-84 clutches laid/month Pajaro River Mouth Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Least Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii ssp. pusillus)

Citation:

Riparian forest as habitat for the least Bell's vireo

Author(s)
Gray, M. Violet and James M. Greaves
Pages
605-611
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range of nesting density over two years pairs/243 ha Both Male and Female Adult 43-48 pairs (2 yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Ecology of rodents in Indian Cove (Mojave Desert), Joshua Tree National Monument, California

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
203-225
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range in monthly density estimates over 2 yrs #/ha Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 7.1 g Both Male and Female Not Reported 22 individuals Owens Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.11 SE

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Use of food items by sex and age classes of coyotes

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L., Kenneth A. Spencer and Jerry H. Scrivner
Pages
42-47
Year
Volume
82
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Dietary Composition leporid (76.4%); rodent (18.0%); livestock (13.5%); bird (13.5%); insect (4.5%); other (14.6%) % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Adult 89 Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88-473m) [lat., 35^oN; long., 119^oN] Exposure Factor Datasets > 1 yr Kern
Citation:

Coyote morphometric characteristics and mass dynamics in the San Joaquin Valley, California

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L.
Pages
360-365
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 10.4 kg Male Pup 28 Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) Exposure Factor Datasets <1yr Kern 0.2 SE

Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

Citation:

Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) invasion of a California river: the role of larval competition

Author(s)
Kupferberg, Sarah J.
Pages
1736-1751
Year
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying July laying Female Adult Not Reported Angelo Coast Range Reserve [lat., 39^o44'N; long., 123^o39'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Mendocino

San Clemente Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus ssp. mearnsi)

Citation:

Natural history and management of the San Clemente loggerhead shrike

Author(s)
Scott, Thomas A. and Michael L. Morrison
Pages
23-57
Year
Issue
2
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 3 adult life expectancy based on duration of home range occupancy yr Female Adult Not Reported San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Variation in breeding season and clutch size in song sparrows of the pacific coast

Author(s)
Richard F. Johnston
Pages
268-273
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size oological collections eggs/nest Both Male and Female Adult 545 records from Baja California to Alaska Exposure Factor Datasets

Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris)

Citation:

A status review of the Suisun song sparrow (Melospiza melodia maxillaris) in California

Author(s)
Larsen, Caryla J.
Pages
1-30
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Department Candidate Species Status Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris), San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)

Citation:

San Francisco Bay Region Salt Marsh Song Sparrow Survey, 1974

Author(s)
Walton, Brian James
Pages
19
Publisher
California Fish and Game, Special Wildlife Investigations
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density see table 1 Both Male and Female Adult 64 sites San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa breeding

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

An altitudinal survey of reproduction in Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Dunmire, William W.
Pages
174-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity d Both Male and Female Adult White Mountain (elev. 4500 - 12,400 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Mono

Citation:

Energetics of two wintering raptors

Author(s)
Koplin, James R., Michael W. Collopy, Albert R. Bammann and Howard Levenson
Pages
795-806
Year
Volume
97
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Dietary Composition vertebrates (21.6 ), invertebrates (12.6 ) biomass of prey items killed g/d Female Both Adults and Juveniles 7 agricultural lands Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt wintering

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying March 25 (begin) - May 20 (end) Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting biology of mallards in California

Author(s)
McLandress, M. Robert, Gregory S. Yarris, Alison E.H. Perkins, Daniel P. Connelly and Dennis G. Raveling
Pages
94-107
Year
Issue
1
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 8.9 eggs Not Reported Not Reported 521 Sacramento Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The Central, Imperial, and Coachella Valleys of California

Author(s)
Heitmeyer, Mickey E., Daniel P. Connelly, and Roger L. Pederson
Pages
475-505
Publisher
Texas Tech University Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 30,438 mean number of ducks counted in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service mid-winter inventories 1978-1987 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Temporal and geographic estimates of survival and recovery rates for the mallard, 1950 through 1985.

Author(s)
Chu, D.S. and J.B. Hestbeck
Pages
57
Publisher
U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 20
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Survival/ Mortality 0.5626 survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 Female Juvenile 8,205 Central California Exposure Factor Datasets 0.0445 (SE)
Citation:

Production of mallards on irrigated land in the Sacramento Valley

Author(s)
Earl, John P.
Pages
23
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density 0.72 ducks/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Conaway Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo non-breeding

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.13 mean dry stomach content mass g Male Juvenile 18 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.02 SE

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Nest box use and reproductive biology of the American kestrel in Lassen County, California

Author(s)
Bloom, Peter H. and Stephen J. Hawks
Pages
9-14
Year
Issue
1
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying May 22 median date of laying Female Adult 27 pairs Great Basin (elev. 1260-2340 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Lassen
Citation:

Foraging strategies of American kestrels during breeding

Author(s)
Rudolph, Seri G.
Pages
1268-1276
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density 23 individuals per 96 km2 Both Male and Female Adult 23 agricultural lands (lat, 38 deg 32'N; long., 121 deg 47'W) Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo Breeding

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Field and maximal metabolic rates of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) at low and high altitudes

Author(s)
Hayes, Jack P.
Pages
732-744
Year
Issue
3
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 17.6 g Both Male and Female Adult 20 White Mountain Research Station (elev., 3800 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo, Mono 2.91 SD
Citation:

Some rodent populations in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Storer, T.I., F.C. Evans and F.G. Palmer
Pages
166-192
Year
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.24 acres Male Adult 29 Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei, in the northern Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
50-60
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition seeds (6-49%); fruit (0-24%); arthropods (27-80%); leaves (0-20%); fungi (0-5%); misc. (0-18%) volumetric % of stomach contents, range of monthly means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types % Not Reported Not Reported 48-59 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)

Citation:

Behavior and ecology of burrowing owls on the Oakland Municipal Airport

Author(s)
Thomsen, Lise
Pages
177-192
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition mammals (41.2%), birds (2.0%), insects (23.3%), vegetation (55.5%) mean percent occurrence in pellets Both Male and Female Not Reported 366 pellets Oakland Airport Exposure Factor Datasets

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:

Seasonal and annual energy budgets of female desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii)

Author(s)
Henen, Brian T.
Pages
283-296
Year
Issue
1
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 32.9 egg weight g Not Reported Embryo 6 Fenner Valley, Goffs (elev., 680m) {lat., 34^o51'N; long., 115^o09'W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 5.1 SD
Citation:

Reproduction and survival of the desert tortoise (Scaptochelys agassizii) in Ivanpah Valley, California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Philip A. Medica and Craig L. Lyons
Pages
811-820
Year
Issue
4
Volume
1984
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition grasses (3.6-33%); cacti (37.0-86.9%); annuals (5.0-18.6%); perennials other than cacti (0.8-2.7%); seeds (3.3-16.0%); other (0.4-2.6%) relative frequency of material in fresh scat, range for 2 sampling periods over 2 years % Both Male and Female Adult 189-195 scat samples/yr Ivanpah Valley [lat., 35^o23'N; long., 115^o18'W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Sources and rates of San Joaquin kit fox mortality in western Kern County, California

Author(s)
Disney, Michele and Linda K. Spiegel
Pages
73-82
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality Survival rates of radiocollared foxes for 1990, 1991 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 57 foxes extreme southern San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Life history of the San Joaquin kit fox

Author(s)
Morrell, Stephen
Pages
162-174
Year
Issue
3
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Kangaroo rats (80.7%), rabbits (46.2%), squirrels (9.6%), cottontails (5.8%), pocket mouse (1.9%), unident. insects (59.6%), scorpions (17.3%), Jerusalem crickets (13.5%), insect larvae (11.5%), ants (9.6%), grasshoppers (5.8%), beetles (3.8%), spiders (1.9%) frequency of occurrence in scat analyses % Both Male and Female Not Reported 52 scat groups Exposure Factor Datasets Kern

Pacific Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus)

Citation:

Small mammals and other prey in the diet of the Pacific giant salamander (Dicamptodon ensatus)

Author(s)
Bury, R. Bruce
Pages
524-526
Year
Volume
87
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Coleoptera adult (0.21); Orthoptera adult (0.13); Diptera adult (0.07); Lepidoptera larvae (0.20); Hymenoptera (0.05); Arachnida (0.15); Acarina (0.05); Diplopoda (0.37); Isopoda (0.05); Gastropoda (0.50); Amphibian (0.75); Reptilia (5.20); Mammalia (5.50); Rocks (0.05); Vegetable matter (0.05) mean volume of gut contents cc Not Reported Adult 12 Exposure Factor Datasets Del Norte, Humboldt, Marin
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