USA

Displaying 2387 data points

Long-Legged Myotis (Myotis volans)

Citation:

Foraging ecology of long-legged myotis (Myotis volans) in north-central Idaho.

Author(s)

Johnson, J.S., Lacki, M.J. and Baker, M.D.

Issue

5

Volume

88
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Home Range	51.1	Core area	ha	F	Adult	10	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Lactating	USA	11.4
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 30.9, Diptera: 4.5, Hemiptera: 7.7, Hymenoptera: 0.3, Lepidoptera: 41.9, Neuroptera: 5.9, Trichoptera: 1.8		% volume	M	Adult	25	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA	Coleoptera: 4.1, Diptera: 2.3, Hemiptera: 2.4, Hymenoptera: 0.02, Lepidoptera: 5.7, Neuroptera: 2.8, Trichoptera: 1.1
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 33.4, Diptera: 3.4, Hemiptera: 1.9, Hymenoptera: 2.6, Lepidoptera: 47.0, Neuroptera: 2.8, Trichoptera: 6.8		% volume	F	Adult	19	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Pregnant	USA	Coleoptera: 4.2, Diptera: 1.2, Hemiptera: 0.7, Hymenoptera: 2.1, Lepidoptera: 5.5, Neuroptera: 1.3, Trichoptera: 3.1
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 27.8, Diptera: 0.02, Hemiptera: 7.0, Hymenoptera: 1.2, Lepidoptera: 58.0, Neuroptera: 1.1, Trichoptera: 2.4		% volume	F	Adult	11	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Lactating	USA	Coleoptera: 3.4, Diptera: 0.02, Hemiptera: 1.4, Hymenoptera: 0.6, Lepidoptera: 5.3, Neuroptera: 0.5, Trichoptera: 1.4
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 100, Diptera: 32.0, Hemiptera: 64.0, Hymenoptera: 12.0, Lepidoptera: 100, Neuroptera: 32.0, Trichoptera: 20.0		Frequency of occurrence	M	Adult	25	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA	Coleoptera: 0, Diptera: 9.5, Hemiptera: 9.8, Hymenoptera: 6.6, Lepidoptera: 0, Neuroptera: 9.5 Trichoptera: 8.2
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 100, Diptera: 47.4, Hemiptera: 11.6, Hymenoptera: 7.2, Lepidoptera: 0, Neuroptera: 11.0, Trichoptera: 11.6		Frequency of occurrence	F	Adult	19	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Pregnant	USA	Coleoptera: 0, Diptera: 11.8, Hemiptera: 11.6, Hymenoptera: 7.2, Lepidoptera: 0, Neuroptera: 11.0, Trichoptera: 11.6
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 100, Diptera: 9.1, Hemiptera: 91.0, Hymenoptera: 27.3, Lepidoptera: 100, Neuroptera: 36.4, Trichoptera: 36.4		Frequency of occurrence	F	Adult	11	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Lactating	USA	Coleoptera: 0, Diptera: 9.1, Hemiptera: 27.3, Hymenoptera: 14.1, Lepidoptera: 0, Neuroptera: 15.2, Trichoptera: 15.2
Home Range	647	Home range	ha	M	Adult	8	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA	354
Home Range	103	Core area	ha	M	Adult	8	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA	57.4
Home Range	448	Home range	ha	F	Adult	10	Elk River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Pregnant	USA	78.7

Hoary Bat (Lasiurus cinereus)

Citation:

Foraging range movements of the endangered Hawaiian hoary bat, Lasiurus cinereus semotus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae).

Author(s)

Bonaccorso, F.J., Todd, C.M., Miles, A.C. and Gorresen, P.M.

Issue

1

Volume

96
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Home Range	230.7	95 % kernel foraging range	ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	28	E Hawaii Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	72.3

Citation:

Foods of bats (Family Vespertilionidae) at five locations in New Hampshire and Massachusetts.

Author(s)

Thomas, H.H., Moosman, P.R., Veilleux, J.P. and Holt, J.

Issue

2

Volume

126
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Formicidae: 18.0, Lepidoptera: 82.0	% volume	NR	Not Reported	1	S NH and N-central MA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Evidence of late-summer mating readiness and early sexual maturation in migratory tree-roosting bats found dead at wind turbines.

Author(s)

Cryan, P.M., Jameson, J.W., Baerwald, E.F., Willis, C.K., Barclay, R.M., Snider, E.A. and Crichton, E.G.

Issue

10

Volume

7
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Body Weight - Mean			g	F	Adult	54		Exposure Factor Datasets	Pregnant	USA
Body Weight - Mean			g	F	Adult	122	Bernalillo County	Exposure Factor Datasets	Pregnant	USA
Metabolic Rate	See citation Figure 2	As function of air temperature		B	Adult	122	Bernalillo County	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA

Citation:

Food habits of seven species of bats in the Allegheny Plateau and Ridge and Valley of West Virginia.

Author(s)

Carter, T.C., Menzel, M.A., Owen, S.F., Edwards, J.W., Menzel, J.M. and Ford, W.M.

Issue

1

Volume

10
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Hemiptera: 2.0, Lepidoptera: 98.0	From fecal pellets	B	Not Reported	5	Allegheny Plateau, Ridge/Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Food habits of the hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) during spring migration through New Mexico.

Author(s)

Valdez, E.W. and Cryan, P.M.

Issue

2

Volume

54
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Lepidoptera: 93.1, Coleoptera: 2.2, Hemiptera: 2.1, Hymenoptera: 2.2, Diptera: 0.2, Neuroptera: 0.1, unknown insects: 0.1	% volume	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	133	Sandia Mountains, Bernalillo County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Dietary overlap between the invasive coqui frog (Eleutherodactylus coqui) and the Hawaiian hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus semotus) on the Island of Hawai’i.

Author(s)

Bernard, R.F. and Mautz, W.J.

Issue

12

Volume

18
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Acarina: 3.17, Coleoptera: 88.89, Diptera: 6.35, Hemiptera: 4.76, Isoptera: 3.17, Lepidoptera: 88.89, Neuroptera: 3.17	From fecal pellets	% frequency	B	Not Reported	238	NE Hawaii Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Acarina: 0.005, Coleoptera: 31.8, Diptera: 0.027, Hemiptera: 0.448, Isoptera: 0.019, Lepidoptera: 67.69, Neuroptera: 0.019	From fecal pellets	% volume	B	Not Reported	238	NE Hawaii Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Bats along the Republican River and its tributaries in southwestern Nebraska: distribution, abundance, and reproduction.

Author(s)

Serbousek, M.R. and Geluso, K.

Issue

2

Volume

69
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Time of Hatching or Parturition	Early June-late July	Time of lactation	F	Adult		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Townsend's Big-Eared Bat (Corynorhinus townsendii)

Citation:

Habitat use and foraging behavior of Townsend's big-eared bat (Corynorhinus townsendii) in coastal California.

Author(s)

Fellers, G.M. and Pierson, E.D.

Issue

1

Volume

83
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries	Error
Foraging Distance	3.2	Center of activity	km from roost	F	Adult	14	Olema Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	Marin	USA	0.5
Foraging Distance	1.3	Center of activity	km from roost	M	Adult	3	Olema Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	Marin	USA	0.2

Little Brown Bat (Myotis lucifugus)

Citation:

Higher fat stores contribute to persistence of little brown bat populations with white‐nose syndrome.

Author(s)

Cheng, T.L., Gerson, A., Moore, M.S., Reichard, J.D., DeSimone, J., Willis, C.K., Frick, W.F. and Kilpatrick, A.M.

Issue

4

Volume

88
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Body Fat (total or %)	See citation Figure 2	Body fat by hibernation time	%	B	Adult	22/site	NE USA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Flight activity and food habits of three species of Myotis bats (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) in sympatry.

Author(s)

Lee, Y.F. and McCracken, G.F.

Issue

3

Volume

43
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 4	Predominant insect order prey		90	Northern IN	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 20.8, Diptera: 18.4, Ephemeroptera: 6.2, Hemiptera: 5.4, Homoptera: 16.2, Hymenoptera: 10.8, Lepidoptera: 9.2, Neuroptera: 1.1, Orthoptera: 0.8, Trichoptera: 9.7, Other: 1.4		Relative frequency	177	Northern IN	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 23.6, Diptera: 15.6, Ephemeroptera: 7.5, Hemiptera: 1.8, Homoptera: 11.1, Hymenoptera: 6.6, Lepidoptera: 15.2, Neuroptera: 0.2, Orthoptera: <0.05, Trichoptera: 18.3, Other: 0.1		Relative proportion	177	Northern IN	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	Coleoptera: 2.8, Diptera: 2.4, Ephemeroptera: 2.0, Hemiptera: 0.6, Homoptera: 1.9, Hymenoptera: 1.4, Lepidoptera: 2.8, Neuroptera: 0.1, Orthoptera: NR, Trichoptera: 2.9, Other: 0.1

Citation:

Foods of bats (Family Vespertilionidae) at five locations in New Hampshire and Massachusetts.

Author(s)

Thomas, H.H., Moosman, P.R., Veilleux, J.P. and Holt, J.

Issue

2

Volume

126
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Arachnida: 0.5, Orthoptera: 0.5, Hemiptera: 2.5, Neuroptera: 1.1, Coleoptera: 21.6, Hymenoptera: 5.3, Trichoptera: 13.1, Lepidoptera: 30.7, Diptera: 16.4, Unidentified Arthropoda: 5.6, Vegetation: 0.5	Mean % volume	B	Not Reported	154	NH and MA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
	Arachnida: 10, Orthoptera: 4, Hemiptera: 30, Neuroptera: 7, Coleoptera: 71, Hymenoptera: 23, Trichoptera: 37, Lepidoptera: 82, Diptera: 49, Unidentified Arthropoda: 41, Vegetation: 5	% occurrence	B	Not Reported	154	NH and MA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Changes in body mass and fat reserves in pre-hibernating little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus).

Author(s)

Kunz, T.H., Wrazen, J.A. and Burnett, C.D.

Issue

1

Volume

5
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Body Fat (total or %)	Maternity site: 10.30, swarming site: 9.03		%	F	Juvenile	6	Aeolist Cave, East Dorset	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Body Weight - Mean	See citation Figure 1 & Table 1	By month		B	Both Adults and Juveniles		Aeolist Cave, East Dorset	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Body Fat (total or %)	Maternity site: 7.03, swarming site: 26.80		%	F	Adult	6	Aeolist Cave, East Dorset	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

DDE in brown and white fat of hibernating bats.

Author(s)

Clark Jr, D.R. and Krynitsky, A.J.

Issue

4

Volume

31
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Body Fat (total or %)	3.02	Brown fat as % total weight	%	M	Adult	4	Round Top Mountain, Washington County	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hibernating	USA	0.358
Body Fat (total or %)	13.45	White fat as % total weight	%	M	Adult	4	Round Top Mountain, Washington County	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hibernating	USA	1.01
Body Weight - Mean	7.1		g	M	Adult	4	Round Top Mountain, Washington County	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hibernating	USA	0.5

Citation:

Changes in body composition during reproduction and postnatal growth in the little brown bat, Myotis lucifugus (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae).

Author(s)

Reynolds, S. and Kunz, T.H.

Issue

1

Volume

7
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Body Fat (total or %)	25.55	Overall % lean dry mass	%	F	Adult	1	Peterborough	Exposure Factor Datasets	Post-lactation	USA
Body Fat (total or %)	23.92	Overall % lean dry mass	%	F	Adult	6	Peterborough	Exposure Factor Datasets	Early pregnancy	USA
Body Fat (total or %)	23.72	Overall % lean dry mass	%	F	Adult	7	Peterborough	Exposure Factor Datasets	Late pregnancy	USA
Body Fat (total or %)	24.19	Overall % lean dry mass	%	F	Adult	12	Peterborough	Exposure Factor Datasets	Lactation	USA

Spotted Bat (Euderma maculatum)

Citation:

Local distribution and foraging behavior of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in northwestern Colorado and adjacent Utah.

Author(s)

Storz, J.F.

Issue

1

Volume

55
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Food Ingestion Rate	0.466	Insect attack rate	attack/min	NR	Not Reported	152	Dinosaur National Monument	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.294

Citation:

Long foraging distance for a spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in northern Arizona.

Author(s)

Rabe, M.J., Siders, M.S., Miller, C.R., Snow, T.K.

Issue

2

Volume

43
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Foraging Distance	38.5	km from roost	F	Adult	1	North Kaibab Rnager District, Kaibab National Forest	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Distribution of the spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) in Nevada, including notes on reproduction.

Author(s)

Geluso, K.

Issue

3

Volume

45
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Body length	53	Forearm length	mm	M	Adult	1	Pigeon Spring, Esmerelda County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Body length		Forearm length	mm	F	Adult	6	Pigeon Spring, Esmerelda County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Diet of spotted bats (Euderma maculatum) in Arizona as indicated by fecal analysis and stable isotopes.

Author(s)

Painter, M.L., Chambers, C.L., Siders, M., Doucett, R.R., Whitaker, Jr, J.O. and Phillips, D.L.

Issue

10

Volume

87
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Dietary Composition	Lepidoptera in 2001: 99.8, in 2002: 99.5, balance: Coleoptera, Hemiptera, unknown insects	Fecal analysis	% volume	NR	Not Reported	NR	North Kaibab Rnager District, Kaibab National Forest	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	2001: 0.1, 2002: 0.2

Big Free-Tailed Bat (Nyctinomops macrotis)

Citation:

Food habits of Nyctinomops macrotis at a maternity roost in New Mexico, as indicated by analysis of guano.

Author(s)

Sparks, D.W. and Valdez, E.W.

Issue

1

Volume

48
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Dietary Composition	Lepidoptera: 17.2, Homoptera: 27.6, Hemiptera: 11.7, Hymenoptera: 19.5, Diptera: 10.6, Coleoptera: 4.9, Trichoptera: 5.1, Neuroptera: 2.2, Unidentified insect: 1.2	From fecal pellets	% frequency	F	Adult	56	Jemez Mountains	Exposure Factor Datasets	Reprodcutive	USA
Dietary Composition	Lepidoptera: 82.1, Homoptera: 62.5, Hemiptera: 37.5, Hymenoptera: 37.5, Diptera: 50, Coleoptera: 26.8, Trichoptera: 10.7, Neuroptera: 17.9, Unidentified insect: 7.1	From fecal pellets	% occurrence	F	Adult	56	Jemez Mountains	Exposure Factor Datasets	Reprodcutive	USA

Citation:

Dietary study of big free-tailed bats (Nyctinomops macrotis) in Big Bend National Park, Texas.

Author(s)

Debelica, A., Matthews, A.K. and Ammerman, L.K.

Issue

3

Volume

51
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Lepidoptera: 87.5, Orthopeda: 1.1, Hemiptera: 4.1, Hymneoptera: 0, Coleoptera: 4.6, Uknown insecta: 2.4	From fecal pellets	F	Adult	40	Big Bend National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Silver-Haired Bat (Lasionycteris noctivagans)

Citation:

Food habits of seven species of bats in the Allegheny Plateau and Ridge and Valley of West Virginia.

Author(s)

Carter, T.C., Menzel, M.A., Owen, S.F., Edwards, J.W., Menzel, J.M. and Ford, W.M.

Issue

1

Volume

10
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Coleoptera: 15.0, Lepidoptera: 47.5, Homoptera: 17.5, Diptera: 20.0	From fecal pellets	B	Not Reported	2	Allegheny Plateau, Ridge/Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Pocketed Free-Tailed Bat (Nyctinomops femorosaccus)

Citation:

Dietary study of big free-tailed bats (Nyctinomops macrotis) in Big Bend National Park, Texas.

Author(s)

Debelica, A., Matthews, A.K. and Ammerman, L.K.

Issue

3

Volume

51
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 1	% volume	Big Bend National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 2	Frequency of occurrence	Big Bend National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

California Leaf-Nosed Bat (Macrotus californicus)

Citation:

A life history study of the California leaf-nosed bat, Macrotus californicus.

Author(s)

Bradshaw, G.V.R.
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Body length	20.19	Condylo-premexillary length	mm	B	Adult	60	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.25
Body length	22.46	Greatest skull length	mm	B	Adult	60	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.07
Body length	15.12	Mandible length	mm	B	Adult	61	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.12
Body Weight - Mean	October: 11.64, November: 12.78, December: 13.42, January: 12.95, February: 13.11, March: 12.33	Change due to body fat	g	B	Not Reported	October: 17, November: 15, December: 10, January: 4, February: 10, March: 4	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Fruits and insects; Coleoptera: Scarabediae; Orthoptera: grasshoppers, othopteran insects; Lepidoptera: moths, diurnal butterflies and moths, Sphingidae, Noctudiae, Cossidae, butterflies, catepillars; Odonata: dragonflies; Homoptera: cicada; Diptera: flies; Hymenoptera: Camponotus vafer.			NR	Not Reported	Not reported		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Home Range	≤6	Foraging range	mi	NR	Not Reported	Not reported		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Body length	93.74	Total length	g	B	Adult	62	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.46
Body length	33.49	Tail length	mm	B	Adult	62	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	1.02
Body length	13.31	Hindfoot length	mm	B	Adult	61	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.68
Body length	29.31	Ear length	mm	B	Adult	48	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.34
Body length	49.39	Forearm length	mm	B	Adult	62	Old Fort Yuma, Imperial County, CA and Tuscon, Pima County, AZ	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.13

Western Small-Footed Myotis (Myotis ciliolabrum)

Citation:

An overlooked external character to differentiate Myotis californicus and Myotis ciliolabrum (Vespertilionidae).

Author(s)

Constantine, D.G.

Issue

2

Volume

79
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries	Error
Body length	87.3	Total length	mm	NR	Not Reported	23		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.6
Body length	42.2	Tail length	mm	NR	Not Reported	23		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.45
Body length	34.23	Forearm length	mm	NR	Not Reported	20		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.13
Body length	6.9	Hindfoot length	mm	NR	Not Reported	46		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.04
Body length	16.9	Ear length	mm	NR	Not Reported	23		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.08
Body Weight - Mean	5.88		g	NR	Not Reported	20		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	0.2

Birds, Terrestrial birds, Passeriformes, American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:

Monitoring exposure of passerines to acephate, dicrotophos, and malathion using cholinesterase reactivation.

Author(s)

Maul, J.D. and Farris, J.L.

Issue

4

Volume

73
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
MALATHION	2 and 4 d post application: 1.46; 5 d: 1.17; 8 d: 1.99	Total plasma cholinesterase activity			2, 4, 8 d: 1; 5 d: 6	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ACEPHATE	23 d post application: 0.31	Total plasma acetylcholinesterase activity			1	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
DICROTOPHOS	12 d post application: 0.31; 24 d: 0.26	Total plasma acetylcholinesterase activity			12 d: 1; 24 d: 6	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
MALATHION	2 and 4 d post application: 0.23; 5 d: 0.26; 8 d: 0.31	Total plasma acetylcholinesterase activity			2, 4, 8 d: 1; 5 d: 6	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ACEPHATE	With/without plasma cholinesterase reactivation: 69 g	Body mass	B	Not Reported	Reactivation: 1; no reactivation: 7	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ACEPHATE	Plasma cholinesterase reactivation: 2.0; no reactivation: 2.1 %	Body fat score	B	Not Reported	Reactivation: 1; no reactivation: 7	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ACEPHATE	23 d post application: 1.99	Total plasma cholinesterase activity			1	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
DICROTOPHOS	12 d post application: 1.99; 24 d: 1.17	Total plasma cholinesterase activity			12 d: 1; 24 d: 6	Poinsett County and Wapanocca Nation Wildlife Refuge	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Selenium levels in bird eggs and effects on avian reproduction.

Author(s)

Ratti, J.T., Moser, A.M., Garton, E.O. and Miller, R.

Issue

2

Volume

70
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
SELENIUM (elemental)	Reference: 3.17; mining: 4.48 mg/kg dw	Egg concentration	Reference: 18; mining: 23	Soda Springs	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Chlordane poisoning of birds in New Jersey, USA.

Author(s)

Stansley, W. and Roscoe, D.E.

Issue

9

Volume

18
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE	4.5, 3.5, 3.3 ug/g ww	Brain concentration	NR	Not Reported	3		Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
OXYCHLORDANE	4.9, 4.2, 4.2 ug/g ww	Brain concentration	NR	Not Reported	3		Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
TRANS-NONACHLOR	4.6, 2.8, 3.7 ug/g ww	Brain concentration	NR	Not Reported	3		Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
DIELDRIN	0.56, 0.30, 0.15 ug/g ww	Brain concentration	NR	Not Reported	3		Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Lead exposure and poisoning of songbirds using the Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho, USA.

Author(s)

Hansen, J.A., Audet, D., Spears, B.L., Healy, K.A., Brazzle, R.E., Hoffman, D.J., Dailey, A. and Beyer, W.N.

Issue

4

Volume

7
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
LEAD (elemental)	High: 3.64; moderate: 2.32; reference: 0.24 mg/kg dw	Blood concentration	High: 33; moderate: 12; reference: 6	Coeur d'Alene River Basin	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
LEAD (elemental)	High: 11.7; moderate: 2.90; reference: 0.37 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	High: 6; moderate: 2; reference: 4	Coeur d'Alene River Basin	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Productivity of American robins exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls, Housatonic River, Massachusetts, USA.

Author(s)

Henning, M.H., Robinson, S.K., McKay, K.J., Sullivan, J.P. and Bruckert, H

Issue

11

Volume

22
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
PCB	2.2-3.2 fledgling per nest	Fledgling success	B	Fledgling	NR	Housatonic River	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
PCB	26%	Mayfield nest success	B	Fledgling	NR	Housatonic River	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Toxic exposure of songbirds to lead in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District.

Author(s)

Beyer, W.N., Franson, J.C., French, J.B., May, T., Rattner, B.A., Shearn-Bochsler, V.I., Warner, S.E., Weber, J. and Mosby, D.

Issue

3

Volume

65
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
LEAD (elemental)	Mining district: 453; reference: 20.1 mg/kg dw	Kidney concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ZINC (elemental)	Mining district: 19.5; reference: 20.7 mg/kg dw	Blood concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ZINC (elemental)	Mining district: 96.0; reference: 91.6 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
ZINC (elemental)	Mining district: 101; reference: 110 mg/kg dw	Kidney concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
COPPER (elemental)	Mining district: 1.71; reference: 1.34 mg/kg dw	Blood concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
COPPER (elemental)	Mining district: 16.0; reference: 17.6 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
COPPER (elemental)	Mining district: 35.6; reference: 48.3 mg/kg dw	Kidney concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
CADMIUM (elemental)	Mining district: 0.028; reference: 0.0037 mg/kg dw	Blood concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
CADMIUM (elemental)	Mining district: 19.9; reference: 4.03 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
CADMIUM (elemental)	Mining district: 52.8; reference: 28.4 mg/kg dw	Kidney concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
LEAD (elemental)	Mining district: 7.36; reference: 1.42 mg/kg dw	Blood concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
LEAD (elemental)	Mining district: 33.6; reference: 3.41 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	NR	Not Reported	Mining district: 6; reference: 7	Mining: southeast MO	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Zinc and lead poisoning in wild birds in the Tri-State Mining District (Oklahoma, Kansas, and Missouri).

Author(s)

Beyer, W.N., Dalgarn, J., Dudding, S., French, J.B., Mateo, R., Miesner, J., Sileo, L. and Spann, J.

Issue

1

Volume

48
Chemical	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS	Mining district: 5.3; reference: 6.6 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	Not reported	See citation	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
NICKEL (elemental)	Mining district: 2.3; reference: 0.62 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	Not reported	See citation	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
SELENIUM (elemental)	Mining district: 1.9; reference: 3.4 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	Not reported	See citation	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
STRONTIUM	Mining district: <0.05; reference: 0.18 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	Not reported	See citation	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA
VANADIUM (elemental)	Mining district: 0.36; reference: 0.27 mg/kg dw	Liver concentration	Not reported	See citation	Toxicity Factor Datasets	USA

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