Birds

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Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Bioconcentration of organophosphorus pesticides to hazardous levels by amphibians

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J. and Elizabeth Kolbe
Pages
853-860
Year
Issue
4
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
FENTHION 67% @ 2.2 mg/L percent mortality Not Reported Juvenile 6/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 2 weeks old Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of asulam in wildlife species: Acute toxicity to birds and fish

Author(s)
Ingham, Brian and Michael A. Gallo
Pages
194-199
Year
Issue
2
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDT (4,4'-) 1550 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Both Male and Female Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
472-485
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PARATHION decreased @ 7.5 lb/acre (aqueous); 0.08, 0.8 lb/acre (oil) crown-rump length at day 18 of incubation compared with controls Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
MALATHION decreased @ 125 lb/acre crown-rump length at day 18 of incubation compared with controls Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 8 of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Recovery of cholinesterase activity in mallard ducklings administered organophosphorus pesticides

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James and Steven P. Bradbury
Pages
885-897
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
MALATHION 7/36 mortality incidence by 20 hrs post-dose Not Reported Juvenile 36/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
ACEPHATE 11/36 mortality incidence by 20 hrs post-dose Not Reported Juvenile 36/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Louis Sileo and Helen C. Murray
Pages
128-136
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEPTOPHOS decreased @ 60, 270 ppm plasma alkaline phosphatase activity compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Some effects of DDE and PCB on mallards and their eggs

Author(s)
Risebrough, Robert W. and Daniel W. Anderson
Pages
508-513
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254 no effect eggshell thickness Female Adult 10 hens/dose; 8-9 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 17% decrease eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 10 hens /dose; 8 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of chronic ingestion of south Louisiana crude oil on mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Szaro, Robert C., Michael P. Dieter, Gary H. Heinz and John F. Ferrell
Pages
426-436
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CRUDE OILS decrease @ 5% growth rate, estimated as change in body weight, compared to control Both Male and Female Juvenile 50/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 0-8 wks post-hatch Laboratory
CRUDE OILS decrease @ 0.25 - 5% distance retreated from a frightening stimulus; impaired avoidance behavior Both Male and Female Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 0-6 d post-hatch Laboratory
Citation:

Enzyme changes in mallard ducks fed iron or lead shot

Author(s)
Rozman, Robert S., Louis N. Locke and S. Finley McClure III
Pages
435-445
Year
Issue
3
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased @ 8 #four iron shot serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased with all treatments incidence of hemosiderosis in liver vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Neurotoxic and teratogenic effects of an organophosphorus insecticide (phenyl phosphorothioic acid-o-ethyl-o-[4-nitrophenyl] ester) on mallard development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and Louis Sileo
Pages
284-294
Year
Volume
73
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EPN decreased @ 12, 36, 108 ug/g embryo weight and length, % normal survivors versus controls Not Reported Embryo 12/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 72 hr of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
EPN decreased @ 12, 36 ug/g brain weight, protein content, acetylcholinesterase and neurotoxic esterase versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 12/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 72 hr of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
EPN decreased @ 12 ug/g (48%), 36 ug/g (29%), 108 ug/g (0%) % surviving to hatch versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 12/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 72 hr of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
Citation:

Lead in tissues of mallard ducks dosed with two types of lead shot

Author(s)
Finley, Mack T., Michael P. Dieter and Louis N. Locke
Pages
261-269
Year
Issue
3
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental) lead only: 1.02 (+/- 0.22); lead-iron: 0.75 (+/- 0.10) ppm, wet wt lead concentration in kidneys (mean +/- SE) Male Adult control=2 F, 4 M; treatment=6 M-F pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mos Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) lead only: 1.15 (+/- 0.29); lead-iron: 0.32 (+/- 0.05) ppm, wet wt lead concentration in liver (mean +/- SE) Female Adult control=2 F, 4 M; treatment=6 M-F pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mos Laboratory
Citation:

Sublethal effects of chronic lead ingestion in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Finley, Mack T., Michael P. Dieter and Louis N. Locke
Pages
929-937
Year
Volume
1
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD NITRATE increased @ 25 ppm/3wks accumulation in livers and kidneys versus controls Male Adult 20/dose; 5/dose x time group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
LEAD NITRATE increased @ 5 ppm diet (66 +/-13 ppm blood) and @ 25 ppm diet (154 +/-28 ppm blood) lead concentration in blood after 12 weeks exposure (mean +/- SE) versus controls Male Adult 20/dose; 5/dose x time group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary mercury and lead on eggshell thickness in mallards

Author(s)
Haegele, Max A., Richard K. Tucker and R.H. Hudson
Pages
5-11
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2.5 (carcass); 1.25 (egg); 23.7 (kidney) ppm, wet wt mercury residues in whole carcass, egg contents, and kidneys Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
LEAD COMPOUNDS 3.7 (carcass); 2.5 (egg); 2.5 (eggshells); 9.6 (bone) ppm, wet wt @ 100 ppm lead;
3.4 (carcass); 0.88 (egg); 2.8 (eggshells); 35.0 (bone) ppm, wet wt @ 100 ppm lead + DDE 		lead residues in whole carcass, egg contents, eggshells, and bone Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Interactive effects of arsenate, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Caroline J. Sanderson, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Eugene Cromartie and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
55-62
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ARSENATE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased (40%) @ 60 ppm Se incidence of mortality versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
ARSENATE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 60 ppm Se incidence of ducklings with histopathological lesions versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Acid precipitation and food quality: inhibition of growth and survival in black ducks and mallards by dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus

Author(s)
Sparling, Donald W.
Pages
281-288
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE decreased @ 1000 (LL) food consumption versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary nickel on survival and growth of mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Cain, Brian W. and Ellen A. Pafford
Pages
737-745
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
NICKEL SULFATE decreased @ 1200 pmm (30 d of age) weight:length of humerus Male Juvenile 36 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
NICKEL SULFATE decreased @ all doses (by 60 d of age) weight:length of humerus Female Juvenile 36 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of methylmercury on approach and avoidance behavior of mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
554-564
Year
Issue
5
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE increased @ 0.5, 3 ppm changes in approach behavior (maternal call stimulus) Not Reported Juvenile 249 (control); 276 (0.5 ppm); 108 (3 ppm) Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE increased @ 0.5, 3 ppm changes in avoidance behavior (frightening stimulus) Not Reported Juvenile 319 (control); 339 (0.5 ppm); 158 (3 ppm) Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Selenium accumulation and loss in mallard eggs

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
775-778
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE 13-20 ppm, wet wt mean Se concentration in eggs Female Adult 5 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Hepatic glutathione metabolism and lipid peroxidation in response to excess dietary selenomethionine and selenite in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Gary H. Heinz and Alexander J. Krynitsky
Pages
263-271
Year
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENITE, SODIUM increased to 0.4 (@ 0 ppm), 5.0 (@ 10 ppm), 3.2 (@ 20 ppm), 2.8 (@ 40 ppm) ppm, wet wt Se concentrations in livers after 6 wks of treatment versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 40 ppm (25%) mortality compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Cain, Brian W., Lou Sileo, J. Christian Franson and John Moore
Pages
286-297
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 20 ppm serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity by 8 wks of treatment compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 12 birds per timexdose treatment day old Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 0.10 (@ 0 ppm), 10.13 (@ 5 ppm), 16.25 (@ 10 ppm), 42.21 (@ 20 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in liver by 12 wks of treatment Not Reported Juvenile 12 birds per timexdose treatment day old Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Interactive effects of boron, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Caroline J. Sanderson, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Eugene Cromartie and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
288-294
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 1000 ppm B hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 15 ppm Se (with or w/out B), and 1000 ppm B hematocrits and hemoglobin concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
Citation:

Interactive effects of selenium, methionine, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings.

Author(s)
Hoffman, D.J., C.J. Sanderson, L.J. LeCaptain, E. Cromartie and G.W. Pendleton
Pages
163-171
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect % survival versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-day old Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 15 ppm, 60 ppm (adequate protein, no methionine added) incidence of histopathological changes in livers versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-day old Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE 11.6 (@15 ppm diet), 48.6 (@ 60 ppm diet) ppm, wet wt geometric mean Se concentration in liver (adequate protein in diet) Not Reported Juvenile 15/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-day old Laboratory
Citation:

DDE feeding and plasma osmoregulation in ducks, guillemots and puffins

Author(s)
Miller, David S., William B. Kinter, David B. Peakall and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
370-376
Year
Volume
231
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect body weight or plasma electrolyte levels Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Toxicity Factor Datasets 3-5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of petroleum on adrenocortical activity and on hepatic naphthalene-metabolizing activity in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Gorsline, J. and W.N. Holmes
Pages
765-777
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CRUDE OILS decrease @ 0.5, 1, 3% plasma corticosterone concentration, compared to control Male Juvenile Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 wks Laboratory
CRUDE OILS decrease @ 0.5% plasma corticosterone concentration, compared to control Male Juvenile Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Toxic effects of boron on mallard reproduction

Author(s)
Smith, Gregory J. and Velora P. Anders
Pages
943-950
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
BORIC ACID Liver; 3 ug/g @ 30 ppm, 17 ug/g @ 300 ppm, 51 ug/g @ 1000 ppm: Brain; 4 ug/g @ 30 ppm, 19 ug/g @ 300 ppm, 66 ug/g @ 1000 ppm boron concentrations in ducklings 21 d of age (geometric mean; ug/g dry weight). Concentrations at other doses were not detected. Both Male and Female Juvenile 10-13/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Bunker C fuel oil reduces mallard egg hatchability

Author(s)
Szaro, Robert C.
Pages
731-732
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
FUEL OILS decrease @ 5, 10, 20, 50 ul 30-d % hatching success Not Reported Embryo 50/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 8d of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of trimethyltin and triethyltin to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James, Elwood F. Hill and Jeffrey J. Momot
Pages
255-260
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
TRIMETHYLTIN CHLORIDE increase @ 5 ppm cephalic tumor incidence Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 3-4 d Laboratory
Citation:

Organochlorine accumulation by sentinel mallards at the Winston-Thomas sewage treatment plant, Bloomington, Indiana

Author(s)
Custer, T.W., D.W. Sparks, S.A. Sobiech, R.K. Hines, and M.J. Melancon
Pages
163-169
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS positive correlation relationships between EROD activity and dieldrin concentrations Female Adult 5 birds/timepoint (timepoints = 0,10,20,32,42,52,59,70,80,90,100 days) Bloomington Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Subchronic and reproductive toxicity of emamectin benzoate to mallard ducks and northern bobwhite quail

Author(s)
O'Grodnick, Joseph S., Peter G. Wislocki, Kevin P. Keenan, Joann B. Beavers, Larry T. Frey, and Mark Jaber
Pages
2318-2324
Year
Issue
11
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EMAMECTIN BENZOATE no effect incidence of signs of toxicity and body weight versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 22 weeks Laboratory
Citation:

Aluminum and acid effects on calcium and phosphorus metabolism in young growing chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) and mallard ducks (Anas platyrynchos).

Author(s)
Capdevielle, M.C., and L.E. Hart, J. Goff and C.G. Scanes
Pages
82-88
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE, SULFURIC ACID reduced @ 0.5% Al or 0.277 mol sulfate/kg growth of tibia versus ad libidum controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 8 birds/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of boron and selenium on mallard reproduction and duckling growth and survival

Author(s)
Stanley, Thomas R., Jr., Gregory J. Smith, David J. Hoffman, Gary H. Heinz, and Roger Rosscoe
Pages
1124-1132
Year
Issue
7
Volume
15
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE 4.6 (0.18) ppm B @ 450 ppm B; 8.5 (0.34) ppm B @ 900 ppm B; 3.7 (0.16) ppm Se @ 3.5 ppm Se; 6.2 (0.27) ppm Se @ 7 ppm mean (SE) wet wt concentrations of B and Se in liver Both Male and Female Adult 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment to mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, G.H., D.J. Hoffman, L. Sileo, D.J. Audet, and L.J. LeCaptain
Pages
323-333
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD COMPOUNDS reduced @ 869 ug/g, corn diet body weight compared to corn diet controls Male Adult 5/ Pb treatment;3/control treatments Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 7 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Acute effects of lead, steel, tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot administered to game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Kelly, M.E., S.D. Fitzgerald, R.J. Aulerich, R.J. Balander, D.C. Powell, R.L. Stickle, W. Stevens, C. Cray, R.J. Tempelman and S.J. Bursian
Pages
673-687
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS increased for lead shot, steel and tungsten-iron groups iron concentrations in femur and liver versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., and Gary H. Heinz
Pages
161-166
Year
Issue
2
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Hg + 10 ppm Se plasma phosphorus concentrations versus controls Male Adult 12/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of ingested bismuth alloy shot in game-farm mallards: Chronic health effects and effects on reproduction

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Karen L. Duncan, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey D. Brawn and James W. Seets
Pages
217-252
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) decreased with Pb liver weight versus controls (females only) Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group Toxicity Factor Datasets 6-8 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Delayed neurotoxicity in the wild mallard duckling caused by organophosphorus insecticides cyanofenphos and leptophos

Author(s)
Soliman, S.A., N.S. Ahmed, K.S. El-Gendy, A.S. El-Bakary and A.H. El-Sebae
Pages
401-411
Year
Issue
5
Volume
B21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CYANOFENPHOS increased @ 2.0, or 4.0 mg cyanofen/kg/d, 10 mg leptophos/kg/d. incidence of histological lesions in axons and myelin sheaths Both Male and Female Juvenile 10 laboratory Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 week Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of age on sensitivity: Acute oral toxicity of 14 pesticides to mallard ducks of several ages

Author(s)
Hudson, R.H., R.K. Tucker and M.A. Haegele
Pages
556-561
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALDICARB 1.92 mg/kg LD50 Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets 36 hours Laboratory
Citation:

Toxic, neurochemical and behavioral effects of dieldrin exposure in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Sharma, R.P., D.S. Winn and J.B. Low
Pages
43-53
Year
Issue
1
Volume
5
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIELDRIN decreased @ all doses % drake encounter scores Male Both Adults and Juveniles 30 per group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of cadmium ingestion and food restriction on energy metabolism and tissue metal concentrations in mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Di Giulio, R.T. and P.F. Scanlon
Pages
433-444
Year
Volume
37
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 10, 50 ug/g diet kidney Zn concentration versus controls Male Adult 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets 32 weeks Laboratory
Citation:

Lead poisoning in six captive avian species

Author(s)
Beyer, W.N., J.W. Spann, L. Sileo and J.C. Franson
Pages
121-130
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD ACETATE increased liver and kidney Pb concentrations versus controls Male Adult 30 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIELDRIN no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, D.J., G.H. Heinz, L.J. LeCaptain, J.D. Eisemann and G.W. Pendleton
Pages
120-127
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE increase @ 15, 30 ppm plasma and liver GSH-peroxidase activity (for all Se forms), compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Aroclor 1242 and reproductive success of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Haseltine, Susan D. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1242 8.9% decrease @ 150 ppm eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 12 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL no effect body weight at end of study Female Adult 4-8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lindane on clutch size and level of egg yolk protein in domestic duck

Author(s)
Chakravarty, Sampa, Aditya Mandal and Pulak Lahiri
Pages
93-103
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LINDANE no effect body weight at end of study Female Adult 5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Behavior of mallard ducklings from parents fed 3 ppm DDE

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
640-645
Year
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) increase @ 3 ppm responsiveness of offspring to maternal call; % that approached call and % that spent 100% of time near call after initial approach Female Adult 4 adults/dose; 148-156 offspring/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 10 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of adult mallard age on avian reproductive tests

Author(s)
Gile, Jay D. and S. Mark Meyers
Pages
751-56
Year
Volume
15
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CHLORPYRIFOS decreased brain acetylcholinesterase activity compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 24 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 and 11 months old Laboratory
Citation:

Recovery of brain and plasma cholinesterase activities in ducklings exposed to organophosphorus pesticides

Author(s)
Fleming, James W.
Pages
215-229
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DICROTOPHOS 63% maximal brain acetylcholinesterase activity inhibition compared to control (4 hrs post-dose) Not Reported Juvenile 4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 day old Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of exposure to carbofuran-sprayed vegetation on the behavior, cholinesterase activity and growth of mallard ducklings (Anas platyrynchos)

Author(s)
Martin, Pamela A., Keith R. Solomon, Douglas J. Forsyth, Herman J. Boermans and Neil D. Westcott
Pages
901-909
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
CARBOFURAN increased @ 132 and 264 g/ha occurrence of acute poisoning symptoms compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile 29-38/group Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Some evidence for an effect of ingested petroleum on the fertility of the mallard drake (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Holmes, W.N. and K.P. Cavanaugh
Pages
898-901
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CRUDE OILS decrease % fertile eggs and # of ducklings; when male, female or both male and female exposed to oil, compared to control Female Adult 3 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 5.5 mo at initiation Laboratory
Citation:

Acid precipitation and food quality: effects of dietary Al, Ca, and P on bone and liver characteristics in American black ducks and mallards

Author(s)
Sparling, Donald W.
Pages
281-288
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE see table Ca, Al, P concentrations in femur for different treatments after 2 and 10 wks of treatment Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of seleno-L-methionine, seleno-DL-methionine, high selenium wheat, and selenized yeast to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H., David J. Hoffman and Leonard J. LeCaptain
Pages
93-99
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 30 ppm as Se-met or yeast, or 15 ppm as wheat food consumption compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 25 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 day Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on selected cells of the mallard immune system

Author(s)
Rocke, Tonie E. and Michael D. Samuel
Pages
1-9
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
LEAD (elemental) ppm wet wt: 1.40 (0.7), blood; 6.40 (4.92), liver; 38.64 (19.18), femur @ 2 #four shot mean (2SE) lead concentrations in liver, femur and blood Male Adult 31 birds Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Sacramento
Citation:

Effect of DDE on the Ca metabolism of the duck eggshell gland and its subcellular fractions; Relations to the functional stage

Author(s)
Lundholm, C.E.
Pages
5-12
Year
Volume
78
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 1.23 +/- 0.12 ug/g wet weight mean +/- SE p,p'-DDE concentration in shell gland mucosa Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Oil and related toxicant effects on mallard immune defenses

Author(s)
Rocke, T.E., T.M. Yuill and R.D. Hinsdill
Pages
343-352
Year
Volume
33
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CRUDE OILS no effect % mortality, compared to controls Male Adult 5/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of crude oil on mallard embryos on day one of development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J.
Pages
632-637
Year
Volume
22
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CRUDE OILS decrease @ 1, 5, 10 ul 18-d % survival, mean embryonic weight, crown-rump length (5ul) and bill length Both Male and Female Embryo 50/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1d of development Laboratory

Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)

Citation:

Effects of carbaryl grasshopper control on nesting killdeer in North Dakota

Author(s)
Fair, Jeanne M, Patricia L. Kennedy and Lowell C. McEwen
Pages
881-890
Year
Issue
5
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
CARBARYL increased at 0.56 kg/ha (2, 8-9 d. post-spray) whole carcass concentration of carbaryl Not Reported Not Reported 8-9 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Environmental contaminants in Canadian peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus: a toxicological assessment

Author(s)
Peakall, David B., David G. Noble, John E. Elliot, James D. Somers, and Gary Erickson
Pages
244-254
Year
Issue
2
Volume
104
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
MERCURY COMPOUNDS review concentrations in brain and liver associated with mortality (various avian species) Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Long term trends and sources of organochlorine contamination in Canadian tundra peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus tundrius

Author(s)
Johnstone, Robin M., Gordon S. Court, Adrian C. Fesser, D. Mark Bradley, Lynn W. Oliphant, and James D. MacNeil
Pages
109-120
Year
Issue
2
Volume
93
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 0.12 (0-2.59; PCBs); 0.06 (0-2.70; DDE); ND (0-0.06; dieldrin) geometric mean residues (range) in plasma, ppm, wet wt of nestlings Not Reported Juvenile 79 nestlings Rankin Inlet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Eggshell thinning and organochlorine residues in Rocky Mountain peregrines, Falco peregrinus, and their prey

Author(s)
Enderson, James H., Gerald R. Craig, William A. Burnham, and Daniel D. Berger
Pages
255-264
Year
Issue
3
Volume
96
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 21:0.09 ratio of average concentration of DDE in eggs to average concentration of DDE in prey items Female Adult 12 prey species, pooled samples of 7-10 individuals Toxicity Factor Datasets

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Effects of chronic dietary lead in American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Franson, J. Christian, Louis Sileo, Oliver H. Pattee and John F. Moore
Pages
110-113
Year
Issue
2
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) decrease at 10, 50 ppm mean blood delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase Both Male and Female Adult 16 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Eggshell thickness and reproduction in American kestrels exposed to chronic dietary lead

Author(s)
Pattee, Oliver H.
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) 62.0 ppm tibia, 13.5 ppm humeri at 50 ppm lead concentrations in bones Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dietary exposure of kestrels to lead

Author(s)
Stendell, Rey C.
Pages
527-530
Year
Issue
2
Volume
44
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.357 (0.012 SE) ppm at 29.3 ppm mean lead concentration (wet wt) in liver Female Adult 3/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE at Low Dietary Levels Kills Captive American Kestrels

Author(s)
Porter, Richard D. and Stanley N. Wiemeyer
Pages
193-199
Year
Issue
4
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 984.1-1438.6 ppm (dry wt) brain residues in birds that died Male Adult 2 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Birds of prey, DDT, and tussock moths in Pacific Northwest

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J.
Pages
397-411
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 10.4% decrease change in mean eggshell thickness (relative to control) 0-0.8 miles from sprayed area Female Adult 21 eggs La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Synergistic effects of Aroclor 1254 on the semen characteristics of American kestrels

Author(s)
Bird, D.M., P.H. Tucker, G.A. Fox and P.C. Lague
Pages
633-640
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
MIREX no effect sperm motility Male Adult 5-10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolism and storage of p,p' dicofol

Author(s)
Schwarzbach, S.E., D. Michael Fry, B.E. Rosson and David M. Bird
Pages
206-210
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL 8.11 (fat), 0.28 (liver) ug/g @ 0.3 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Possible mechanisms for sensitivity to organophosphorus and carbamate insecticides in eastern screech-owls and American kestrels

Author(s)
Vyas, N.B., L.A. Thiele, S.C. Garland
Pages
151-157
Year
Volume
120
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
FENTHION decreased to 10% of control levels brain cholinesterase activity of birds that died Both Male and Female Adult 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Developmental Toxicity of PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Mark J. Melancon, Patrice N. Klein, Clifford P. Rice, John D. Eisemann, Randy K. Hines, James W. Spann, and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
188-200
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 50,250,1000 ng/g bw hepatic monooxygenase activities versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 1-Day 10 Laboratory
Citation:

Selenium accumulation and effects on reproduction in captive American kestrels fed selenomethionine

Author(s)
Santolo, Gary M., Julie T. Yamamoto, Jacqueline M. Pisenti, Barry W. Wilson
Pages
502-511
Year
Issue
2
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE blood Se concentration = 1.307 + 0.852(diet Se concentration) relation between Se concentrations in blood (dry wt) and diet (dry wt) Male Adult 40 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Effects of urban pesticide applications on nesting success of songbirds

Author(s)
Brehmer, Paul M. and Raymond K. Anderson
Pages
352-359
Year
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
ACEPHATE, CARBARYL, DIAZINON no effect percent nest success, eggs hatched, and nestlings fledged Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 37 nests Winnebago, Outagamie, Calumet Counties Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on captive mourning dove survivability and reproduction

Author(s)
Buerger, Theodore T., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
1-8
Year
Issue
1
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) no effect body weight at hatch Not Reported Hatchling 25 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Lead and delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase in the blood of mourning doves dosed with lead

Author(s)
Castrale, John S., and Mark Oster
Pages
265-272
Year
Volume
102
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) decreased at all doses delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD)activity in blood Both Male and Female Adult 10 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Survival and cover-seeking response of northern bobwhites and mourning doves dosed with aldicarb`

Author(s)
Hawkes, Anthony W., Larry W. Brewer, James F. Hobson, Michael J. Hooper and Ronald J. Kendall
Pages
1538-1543
Year
Issue
9
Volume
15
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
ALDICARB 0.82 LD50 mg/kg bw Not Reported Adult 50 birds total Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)

Citation:

Heptachlor seed treatment contaminates hawks, owls, and eagles of Columbia Basin, Oregon

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and T. Earl Kaiser
Pages
41-48
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
HEPTACHLOR no effect eggshell thickness Female Adult 6 nests Columbia Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Case histories of bald eagles and other raptors killed by organophosporous insecticides topically applied to livestock

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Elizabeth J. Kolbe, Elwood F. Hill and Lawrence J. Blus
Pages
292-295
Year
Issue
2
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
FAMPHUR 85% decrease post-mortem brain cholinesterase activity compared to control Not Reported Not Reported 1 owl Malheur County Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of pesticides on owls in North America

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J.
Pages
198-206
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
STRYCHNINE, ZINC PHOSPHIDE review summaries of sublethal effects due to organochlorine, anticholinesterase, anticoagulant, strychnine pesticides Not Reported Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA, USA

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

DDE residues and eggshell thinning in loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Anderson, William L., and Ronald E. Duzan
Pages
215-220
Year
Issue
2
Volume
90
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) decreased eggshell thickness index compared with reference samples collected in 1875-95 Not Reported Embryo 20 clutches, 104 eggs southern IL Toxicity Factor Datasets

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas, Ross J. Norstrom, John E. Elliott, Leslie E. Hart, Kimberly M. Cheng and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
247-265
Year
Volume
41
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 1606 ng/kg hepatic EROD activity Not Reported Hatchling 5-12 eggs/dose Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Polychlorinated biphenyl residues and egg mortality in double-crested cormorants from the Great Lakes

Author(s)
Tillit, Donald E., Gerald T. Ankley, John P. Giesy, James P. Ludwig, Hiroko Kurita-Matsuba, D. Vaughn Weseloh, Peter S. Ross, Christine A. Bishop, Lou Sileo, Ken L. Stromborg, Jill Larson, Timothy J. Kubiak
Pages
1281-1288
Year
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS positive correlation correlation of embryo mortality with TCDD equivalents in eggs Not Reported Embryo 11 colonies @ 25-50 nests/colony Great Lakes Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) induces hepatic cytochrome P450-dependent arachidonic acid epoxygenation in diverse avian orders: regioisomer selectivity and immunochemical comparison of the TCDD-induced P450s to CYP1A4 and 1A5

Author(s)
Gilday, D., G.D. Bellward, J.T. Sanderson, D.M. Janz, and A.B. Rifkind
Pages
106-116
Year
Volume
150
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS increased P-450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolism by liver microsomes Not Reported Embryo 3 Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 day Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation

Author(s)
Powell, Debra, Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Don E. Tillitt, Mary E. Kelly, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Mark J. Melancon, Scott D. Fitzgerald, and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
2035-2040
Year
Issue
10
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased @ 349 ug/kg egg spleen weights in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
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