Dose-Response Table

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Displaying 398 data points

Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

Citation:

Teratogenesis, toxicity and bioaccumulation in frogs exposed to dieldrin

Author(s)
Schuytema, Gerald S., Alan V. Nebeker, William L. Griffis and Karsten N. Wilson
Pages
332-350
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN 36,000 - 54,000 range of lipid bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body bioconcentration values x 100 by percent lipid Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 30.3 ug/l (95% CL: 26.2 - 35.2 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 52.3 ug/l LOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 12.3 ug/l NOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
Citation:

Acid tolerance of anuran embryos and larvae from central Ontario

Author(s)
Grant, Karen P. and Lawrence E. Licht
Pages
1-6
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Sample Size Location Type Lab
SULFURIC ACID significant decrease at pH 3.5 and 4.0 hatching success Not Reported 50 eggs/replicate, 6 replicates/group (n=294-312) Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Hepatic microsomal ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase-inducing potency in ovo and cytosolic Ah receptor binding affinity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin: comparison of four avian species

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
131-145
Year
Volume
132
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) observed at 3, 10, 100 ug/kg edema Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased at 10, 100 ug/kg hepatic microsomal cytP450 content Not Reported Hatchling 6-10 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation

Author(s)
Powell, Debra, Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Don E. Tillitt, Mary E. Kelly, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Mark J. Melancon, Scott D. Fitzgerald, and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
2035-2040
Year
Issue
10
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased @ 349 ug/kg egg spleen weights in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) decreased @ 5.4, 11.7 ug/kg egg spleen weights in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo 83-86 eggs/treatment Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentacholorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), or an extract derived from field-collected cormorant eggs injected into double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs

Author(s)
Powell, Debra C., Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Donald E. Tillit, Jon F. Powell, Janelle C. Restum, Kenneth L. Stromborg, John P. Giesy and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
1450-1455
Year
Issue
7
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 400, 800 ug/kg egg incidence of embryo mortality versus controls Not Reported Embryo 15-60/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased at 5 ug/kg egg weights of heart, liver and spleen versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 8-29/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Effects of PCBs on mourning dove courtship behavior

Author(s)
Tori, Gildo M. and Tony J. Peterle
Pages
44-49
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
AROCLOR 1254 decreased at 10, 40 ppm number of pairs nesting Both Male and Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets breeding Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254 delayed at 10 ppm onset of nest initiation Both Male and Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets breeding Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on the metabolic rates of mourning doves exposed to low ambient temperatures

Author(s)
Tori, Gildo M. and Larry P. Mayer
Pages
678-682
Year
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254 decreased at 40 ppm body temperature at a range of ambient temperatures Male Adult 4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Chronic toxicity of methiocarb to grackles, doves and quail and reproductive effects in quail

Author(s)
Schafer, E.W., Jr., R.B. Brunton, N.F. Lockyer and D.J. Cunningham
Pages
641-647
Year
Issue
6
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHIOCARB decreased at 1,000 ppm body weight Not Reported Not Reported 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Short-term effects of oil ingestion on American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Pattee, Oliver H. and J. Chrisian Franson
Pages
235-241
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CRUDE OILS decreased @ 3.0% hemoglobin Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CRUDE OILS no effect various hematological measurements (packed cell volume, erythrocyte counts, plasma uric acid, plasma alanine aminotransferase) Both Male and Female Juvenile 16/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Selenium accumulation and effects on reproduction in captive American kestrels fed selenomethionine

Author(s)
Santolo, Gary M., Julie T. Yamamoto, Jacqueline M. Pisenti, Barry W. Wilson
Pages
502-511
Year
Issue
2
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE egg Se concentration = 1.307 + 0.852(diet Se concentration) relation between Se concentrations in egg (dry wt) and diet (dry wt) Female Adult 53 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect percent of pairs that laid eggs, number of fertile pairs and egg hatchability versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect egg mass, width, length, and volume versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE reduced @ 12 ppm Se ratio of # fertile eggs to total # eggs laid versus 6 ppm Se group Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolism and storage of p,p' dicofol

Author(s)
Schwarzbach, S.E., D. Michael Fry, B.E. Rosson and David M. Bird
Pages
206-210
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL 8.11 (fat), 0.28 (liver) ug/g @ 0.3 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DICOFOL 82.36 (fat), 4.93 (liver), 1.15 (brain), 0.84 (oviduct) ug/g @ 3.0 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Developmental Toxicity of PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Mark J. Melancon, Patrice N. Klein, Clifford P. Rice, John D. Eisemann, Randy K. Hines, James W. Spann, and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
188-200
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased @ 250, 1000 ng/g bw body and organ growth versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 1-Day 10 Laboratory
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 50,250,1000 ng/g bw incidence and severity of lesions in liver, spleen, bursa, thyroid versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 1-Day 10 Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative developmental toxicity of planar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in chickens, American kestrels, and common terns

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Mark J. Melancon, Patrice N. Klein, John D. Eisemann, and James W. Spann
Pages
747-757
Year
Issue
4
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 233 ng/g percent hatching success, percent pipped versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group Toxicity Factor Datasets hatchling Laboratory
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 233 ng/g liver weight, radius and femur length versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group Toxicity Factor Datasets hatchling Laboratory

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL 2-12% decrease @ 10-100 ug/g eggshell thickness, compared to controls Female Adult 4-8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 2 - 17% decrease @ 3-100 ug/g eggshell thickness, compared to controls Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dietary toxicity tests with mallards, simulating residue decline of chlorpyrifos and avoidance of treated food

Author(s)
Kenaga, E.E., R.J. Fink and J.B. Beavers
Pages
36-44
Publisher
American Society for Testing and Materials
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CHLORPYRIFOS decreased @ all doses food consumption compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
CHLORPYRIFOS decreased @ all doses body weight compared with controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of malathion, diazinon, and parathion on mallard embryo development and cholinesterase activity

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
472-485
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
MALATHION 49.5 lb/acre LC50, exposed on day 3 or 8 of incubation Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
DIAZINON 9.7 (day 3), 11.1 (day 8) lb/acre LC50, exposed on day 3 or 8 of incubation Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
PARATHION 2.2 (day 3), 1.5 (day 8) lb/acre LC50, exposed on day 3 or 8 of incubation Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
DIAZINON decreased @ 15 (aqueous), 2.0 (oil) lb/acre embryo weight by day 18 of incubation compared with controls Not Reported Embryo 30/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Day 3 or 8 of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Louis Sileo and Helen C. Murray
Pages
128-136
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EPN increased @ all doses incidence of hyperactivity, ataxia, and/or paralysis compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN increased @ 30, 90, 270 ppm incidence of CNS lesions (demyelination, axonal degeneration in spinal cord) compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN decreased @ all doses activity of brain and plasma cholinesterase, and brain neurotoxic esterase compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN decreased @ 90, 270 pmm plasma alkaline phosphatase activity compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of industrial effluents, heavy metals, and organic solvents on mallard embryo development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and William C. Eastin, Jr.
Pages
35-40
Year
Volume
9
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD NITRATE decreased @ 3,000, 30,000 ppm, incubation day 3 exposure embyronic length and weight by incubation day 18 versus controls Not Reported Embryo 30 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 or 8 days of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE decreased @ all doses embryo length or weight by incubation day 18 versus controls Not Reported Embryo 30 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 or 8 days of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE decreased @ 5,000 ppm, incub. day 3 exposure embryo survival through day 18 of incubation and % of survivors that were normal versus controls Not Reported Embryo 30 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 or 8 days of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
FUEL OILS decreased @ 0.5, 5 ul/egg on incubation day 3 or 8 embryo survival to day 18 of incubation and % of survivors that were normal versus controls Not Reported Embryo 30 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 3 or 8 days of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of cadmium and lead ingestion on tissue concentrations of cadmium, lead, copper, and zinc in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Di Giulio, Richard T. and Patrick F. Scanlon
Pages
103-110
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE, LEAD CHLORIDE 4.1 (0.5) @ 10 ppm Pb; 22.5 (1.5) @ 100 ppm Pb; 3.1 (0.3) @ 5 ppm Cd + 5 ppm Pb; 16.1 (1.4) @ 50 ppm Cd+ 50 ppm Pb (ug/g, dry wt) mean (SE) Pb concentrations in kidney Male Juvenile 6-8 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 128 d (at initiation) Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE, COPPER COMPOUNDS, LEAD CHLORIDE 56.7(7.7) @ 100 ppm Cd; 37.7 (3.7) @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb (ug/g, dry wt) mean (SE) Cu concentrations (ug/g, dry wt) in kidney Male Juvenile 6-8 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 128 d (at initiation) Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE, LEAD CHLORIDE, ZINC COMPOUNDS 99 (6) @ 110 ppm Cd; 125 (7) @ 100 ppm Cd; 100 (5) @ 5 ppm Cd + 5 ppm Pb; 112 (2) @ 50 ppm Cd + 50 ppm Pb mean (SE) Zn concentrations (ug/g, dry wt) in kidney Male Juvenile 6-8 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 128 d (at initiation) Laboratory
Citation:

Acid precipitation and food quality: inhibition of growth and survival in black ducks and mallards by dietary aluminum, calcium, and phosphorus

Author(s)
Sparling, Donald W.
Pages
281-288
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALUMINUM SULFATE decreased @ 1000 ppm Al (LH, LL), 5000 ppm Al (NN) body weight growth versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
ALUMINUM SULFATE decreased @ 1000 (LL), 1000 (LH), 5000 ppm (LH) growth of body components (tarsus, culmen) versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
ALUMINUM SULFATE increased to 61% @ 1000 (LL), 100% @ 5000 (LL) mortality versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
ALUMINUM SULFATE decreased @ 1000 (LL) food consumption versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 12-14/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dietary nickel on survival and growth of mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Cain, Brian W. and Ellen A. Pafford
Pages
737-745
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
NICKEL SULFATE no effect organ wt:body wt ratios Both Male and Female Juvenile 36 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
NICKEL SULFATE 1.0-22.7 (liver), 2.7-74.4 (kidney) ppm, wet wt Ni concentrations (ranges) in liver and kidney in ducklings that died @ 1200 ppm Both Male and Female Juvenile 36 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory
Citation:

Mercury accumulation in mallards fed methylmercury with or without added DDE

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
372-376
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-), METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE 1.4 +/- 0.18 (@ 1 ppm, no DDE), 8.7 +/- 0.87 (@ 5 ppm, no DDE) ppm Hg, wet wt mean Hg concentration in third egg laid in clutch (mean +/- SE) Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-), METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE 1.0 +/- 0.06 (@ 1 ppm Hg, no DDE), 5.3 +/- 0.56 (@ 5 ppm Hg, no DDE) ppm Hg, wet wt Hg concentration in breast muscle (mean +/- SE) Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Sublethal effects of cadmium ingestion on mallard ducks

Author(s)
Di Giulio, Richard T. and Patrick F. Scanlon
Pages
765-771
Year
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE decreased @ 450 ppm body and liver weights compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 150, 450 ppm kidney and adrenal weights compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 450 ppm plasma uric acid, adrenal corticosterone levels Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect food consumption compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Interactive effects of boron, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Caroline J. Sanderson, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Eugene Cromartie and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
288-294
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 60 ppm Se (100% mort.) survival versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 15 ppm Se body, liver, and spleen weight; tarsus length versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 15, 60 ppm Se (with and w/out B), 1000 ppm B incidence of plasma chemistry changes versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 15 ppm Se (with and w/out B), 1000 ppm B incidence of plasma chemistry changes versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group Toxicity Factor Datasets day old Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity and estimated water quality criteria values in mallard ducklings exposed to pentachlorophenol

Author(s)
Nebeker, A.V., W.L. Griffis and G.S. Schuytema
Pages
33-36
Year
Volume
26
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PENTACHLOROPHENOL decrease @ 961 ug/g total body weight, compared to control; reported as the LOAEL for the study Not Reported Juvenile 6/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 4 d Laboratory
PENTACHLOROPHENOL no effect @ 423.2 ug/g total body weight, compared to control; reported as the NOAEL for the study Not Reported Juvenile 6/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 4 d Laboratory
Citation:

Diagnostic criteria for selenium toxicosis in aquatic birds: Histologic lesions

Author(s)
Green, D. Earl and Peter H. Albers
Pages
385-404
Year
Volume
33
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect histological changes to nervous system, bones, feathers, feather follicles, claws and scaled skin versus controls Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 mo Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE increased in birds that died, and in some 40 ppm survivors histological changes to skin (loss of fat), muscle, liver, pancreas, kidney, lymph nodes, spleen, seminiferous tubules Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 14 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of boron and selenium on mallard reproduction and duckling growth and survival

Author(s)
Stanley, Thomas R., Jr., Gregory J. Smith, David J. Hoffman, Gary H. Heinz, and Roger Rosscoe
Pages
1124-1132
Year
Issue
7
Volume
15
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect due to added Se liver weight, hemoglobin concentrations, hematocrit versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect due to added Se onset of egg laying, eggshell thickness, egg weight, egg fertility, embryo deformities versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced @ 7 ppm Se hatching success versus controls Female Adult 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 900 ppm B total SH, liver protein, sorbitol dehyrogenase versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 pairs/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment to mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, G.H., D.J. Hoffman, L. Sileo, D.J. Audet, and L.J. LeCaptain
Pages
323-333
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD COMPOUNDS no effect body weight versus controls Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
LEAD COMPOUNDS reduced @ 624 and 1284 ug/g delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity and hemoglobin concentrations Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
LEAD COMPOUNDS increased @ 642 and 1284 ug/g protoporphyrin versus controls Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
LEAD COMPOUNDS reduced @ 1284 ug/g hematocrit versus controls Male Adult 10/ Pb treatment; 5/control treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets approx. 5 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Toxic, neurochemical and behavioral effects of dieldrin exposure in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Sharma, R.P., D.S. Winn and J.B. Low
Pages
43-53
Year
Issue
1
Volume
5
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN increased with all doses brain, liver, and adipose dieldrin concentrations Both Male and Female Juvenile 4-6 per group Toxicity Factor Datasets 75 days Laboratory
DIELDRIN no effect bw versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-25 per group Toxicity Factor Datasets 75 days Laboratory
DIELDRIN increased @ 10 ppm (liver only), 30 ppm (brain only) brain and liver weight to body weight ratios versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 9-25 per group Toxicity Factor Datasets 75 days Laboratory
DIELDRIN increased@ 4, 10, 30 ppm hepatic microsomal enzyme activity versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 5-15 per group Toxicity Factor Datasets 75 days Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lead nitrate ingestion on open-field behavior of mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Frederick, Robert B.
Pages
739-742
Year
Issue
6
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD NITRATE no effect (3 or 8 d) open field behavior scores versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 26-28/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 9 d Laboratory
LEAD NITRATE decreased @ 5 ppm (8 d exposure) mean percentage weight gain versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 26-28/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 9 d Laboratory
Citation:

DDT thins shells of eggs from mallard ducks maintained on ad libitum or controlled-feeding regimes

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
222-232
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) decrease @ 20 - 200 ppm eggshell thickness, weight and calcium concentration Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) increase @ 200 ppm Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effect of asulam in wildlife species: Acute toxicity to birds and fish

Author(s)
Ingham, Brian and Michael A. Gallo
Pages
194-199
Year
Issue
2
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ASULAM 10% @ 4000 mg/kg percent mortality after 21 days Both Male and Female Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 d Laboratory
ASULAM decreased @ all doses food consumption compared with controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 7 d Laboratory
Citation:

Uptake and retention of dietary cadmium in mallard ducks

Author(s)
White, Donald H. and Mack T. Finley
Pages
53-59
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 2.116 (@ 2 ppm), 19.510 (@ 20 ppm), 96.600 9@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in liver after 90 d of treatment Both Male and Female Adult 20 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 4.627 (@ 2 ppm), 54.333 (@ 20 ppm), 77.222 (@ 200 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in kidneys after 90 d of treatment Both Male and Female Adult 20 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Teratogenic effects of external egg applications of methyl mercury in the mallard, Anas platyrynchos

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and John M. Moore
Pages
453-462
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE increased @ 1,3,9,27,90 ug Hg % abnormal survivors by day 18 of incubation versus controls Both Male and Female Embryo 80 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets incubation day 3 Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE decreased @ 27, 90 ug Hg embryo crown to rump length by day 18 of incubation versus controls Both Male and Female Embryo 80 eggs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets incubation day 3 Laboratory
Citation:

Embryotoxicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in three domestic avian species, and of PAHs and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the common eider

Author(s)
Brunstrom, Bjorn, Dag Broman and Carina Naf
Pages
133-143
Year
Volume
67
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS (PAHs) increase @ 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg embryonic mortality, compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 22/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 5 d of incubation Laboratory
BENZO[k]FLUORANTHENE increase @ 0.2, 2.0 mg/kg egg embryo mortality, compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 20/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 5 d of incubation Laboratory
Citation:

Diagnostic criteria for selenium toxicosis in aquatic birds: Dietary exposure, tissue concentrations and macroscopic effects

Author(s)
Albers, Peter H., D. Earl Green and Caroline J. Sanderson
Pages
468-485
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 80 ppm mortality versus controls Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 40 and 80 ppm body weight over exposure period versus controls Male Adult 21/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Neurotoxic and teratogenic effects of an organophosphorus insecticide (phenyl phosphorothioic acid-o-ethyl-o-[4-nitrophenyl] ester) on mallard development

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and Louis Sileo
Pages
284-294
Year
Volume
73
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EPN decreased @ 12 ug/g (82%); 36 ug/g (77%); 108 ug/g (70%) percent survival versus controls Not Reported Embryo 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 72 hr of incubation (time of treatment) Laboratory
Citation:

Histopathologic efffects of dietary cadmium on kidneys and testes of mallard ducks

Author(s)
White, Donald H., Mack T. Finley and John F. Ferrell
Pages
551-558
Year
Volume
4
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 200 ppm incidence of kidney lesions versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 10 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets first year Laboratory

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Hazards to wildlife associated with 1080 baiting for California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Hegdal, Paul L., Kathleen A. Fagherstone, Thomas A. Gatz, James F. Glahn and George H. Matschke
Pages
11-21
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
SODIUM MONOFLUOROACETATE decrease @ 6.7 kg/ha population size Not Reported Not Reported 38.7-54.2 mean squirrel population size range Exeter, Tulare Toxicity Factor Datasets Tulare

Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla formerly Hyla regilla)

Citation:

Comparative effects of ammonium and nitrate compounds on Pacific treefrog and African clawed frog embryos

Author(s)
Schuytema, G.S. and A.V. Nebeker
Pages
200-206
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
NITRATE, SODIUM 111.0 LOAEL for body weight and length mg NO3-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
NITRATE, SODIUM 56.7 NOAEL for body weight and length mg NO3-N/L Not Reported Embryo 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Influence of feeding chlorocholine chloride and glyphosine on selected immune parameters in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Olson, Leon J. and Ronald D. Hinsdill
Pages
103-114
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
GLYPHOSATE increase@ 80 mg/kg bw/d white blood cell count Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE increase @ 80 mg/kg bw/d plaque forming cell count/g spleen Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE no effect reciprocal of hemolysin titer (against sheep rbc) Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
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