CADMIUM (elemental) |
18 ppb dw ± 5 |
Feather concentration |
|
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
LEAD (elemental) |
San Pedro: <0.5, Roosevelt: <0.5, Alamo: <0.5 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
|
San Pedro: 5, Roosevelt: 2, Alamo: 1 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
DDT (4,4'-) |
0.07 µg/g lw |
Blubber concentration |
B |
Not Reported |
18 |
Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
PCB |
757 ng/g ww |
Premature fetus concentration |
B |
Embryo |
9 |
Coastal sites |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE (HBCDD) |
See citation |
Blubber concentration |
M |
|
26 |
Nation Marine Mammal Tissue Bank samples |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
HEXACHLOROBENZENE |
Alaska: 51, California: 8.7 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
F |
Adult |
Alaska: 38, California: 18 |
Alaksa: 3 sites in eastern AK, California: 3 sites between Santa Cruz and Monterey |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
ENDOSULFAN |
0.0 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
6 |
3 sites in eastern AK |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Monobutyltin: 24 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
13 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Total butyltins: 35 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
RUSSIA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Total phenyltins: <0.19 |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
4 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
COPPER (elemental) |
Review |
Blood concentration |
|
|
|
Canary Islands |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SPAIN |
|
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) |
0.30 ± 0.05 ng/g ww |
Egg yolk concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
11 nests, 20 eggs |
Guadeloupe, French West Indies |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
STRONTIUM |
0.28 µg/g ww |
Blood concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
14 |
Punta Abreojos |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
ENDRIN |
Not detected |
Plasma concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
13 |
Bahía Magdalena |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
CADMIUM (elemental) |
0.06 µg/g dw, 0.01 ww |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
|
9 |
Big Bend, Citrus County |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
CADMIUM (elemental) |
Review |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Not Reported |
See citation |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
HEPTACHLOR |
18.6 ± 15.04 ng/g ww |
Fat concentration |
NR |
Juvenile |
64 |
SE coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
BRAZIL |
|
HEPTACHLOR |
12.5 ± 11.29 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Juvenile |
64 |
SE coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
BRAZIL |
|
NICKEL (elemental) |
|
Reference intervals for blood concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
49 |
Howick Group of Islands |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
AUSTRALIA |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
< LOD µg/g ww |
Kidney concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
3 |
Samandağ & Dörtyol |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
TURKEY |
|
IRON (elemental) |
297.60 ± 43.16 µg/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
3 |
Samandağ & Dörtyol |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
TURKEY |
|
ZINC (elemental) |
|
Blood concentration |
NR |
Not Reported |
|
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
CIS-NONACHLOR |
Not detected |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
|
Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
LCRS: 5.86, reference site: 3.13 µg/g ww |
Blood concentration |
|
Adult |
LCRS: 5, reference: 3 |
LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PCB |
2.49 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
5 |
Mallard Slough |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
BORON COMPOUNDS |
BI-89: 0.408, WM-89: 0.395, WM-91: 0.859, SW-91: 1.29 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
5 |
Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
COPPER (elemental) |
0.93 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
B |
Embryo |
4 |
Lower Laguna Madre |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
COPPER (elemental) |
21 µg/g ww |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
5 |
Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
DDE (4,4'-) |
0.05 µg/g ww |
Brain concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
10 |
Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
Trace |
Feather concentration |
NR |
Adult |
36 |
Clear Lake |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lake |
USA |
|
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
Vane 1: 4.6, Vane 2: 3.0, rachis 1: 0.25, rachis 2: 0.57 µg/g |
Feather concentration; flight left 2⁰ |
NR |
Adult |
1 |
Frontenac, Eastern Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
HEPTACHLOR |
2.3 ± 2.0 ng/g |
Accumulation in eggs from spiked nest material |
NR |
Embryo |
10 |
Texas Tech University, Lubbock |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
USA |
Laboratory |
SELENIUM (elemental) |
502 ± 46.9 ppb |
Blood concentration of live-captured |
|
|
29 |
Pine Barrens |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
161 ± 46.0 ppb |
Skin concentration, dead-captured |
|
|
20 |
Pine Barrens |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 |
1130.59 ± 95.34 ng/g |
Egg concentrations |
NR |
Embryo |
16 |
Avian Science and Conservation Centre of
McGill University |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
CANADA |
Laboratory |
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 |
Increased |
ƩPBDE |
NR |
Nestling |
64 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
CANADA |
Laboratory |
MERCURY (elemental) |
0.42 µg/g ww ± 0.63 |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
63 |
Sinaloa Coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
Laboratory |
MERCURY (elemental) |
0.97 ppm ± 0.19 |
Chick feathers |
|
Chick |
19 |
Palmico Sound, New Dump |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID |
<1 ng/g ww (<1-1) |
Spleen concentration |
|
Not Reported |
5 |
Cartagena Bay |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
COLUMBIA |
Laboratory |
PCB |
512 ng/g ww (162-1490) |
Egg concentration |
|
|
10 |
Marsh Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
HEPTACHLOR |
8.26 ng/g ww ± 15.2 |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
8 |
Colorado River Delta |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
Laboratory |
DDE (4,4'-) |
0.62 µg/g (0.10-3.01) |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
7 |
Bono Salton Sea National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Imperial |
USA |
Laboratory |
CALCIUM |
347 µg/g ± 19 |
Eggshell concentration |
|
Embryo |
5 |
Detroit |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE |
0.006 µg/g ww ± 0.002 |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
ZINC (elemental) |
109 µg/g dw |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
10.88 µg/g dw ± 1.89 |
Total Hg feather concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
11 |
Hoffman Island, Canarsie Pol, & Swinburne Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PCB |
13.4 µg/g ww |
Embryo concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
10 |
Cat Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PERFLUOROALKANESULFONATES (PFSA) |
290 ng/g ww ± 43 |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
Adult |
8 |
Lake Nipissing |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
SELENIUM (elemental) |
See citation |
Muscle concentration |
NR |
Adult |
104 |
5 lakes in Saskatchewan |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
METHYLMERCURY |
4.4 µg/g dw [3.6-5.4 (95% CI)] |
Liver concentration |
F |
Adult |
63 |
Point Pelee
National Park of Canada-Middle Island, Lake Erie |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
MERCURY (elemental) |
0.530 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
2 |
Sweetwater Marsh |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
San Diego |
USA |
|
IRON (elemental) |
11.14 mg/kg |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
60 |
NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
HYDROXYLATED PCB (OH-PCB) |
8.77 ng/g ww |
Plasma concentration, geometric mean |
NR |
Nestling |
36 nests |
Great Lake Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
MIREX |
Terrestrial: 733, aquatic: 330 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
Terrestrial: 12, aquatic: 2 |
Great Lakes Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
HEXABROMOBENZENE (HBB) |
6.1 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
12 |
Great Lakes Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
PERFLUOROTETRADECANOIC ACID (PFTeA) |
2.7 ng/g ww |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
10 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SWEDEN |
|
PCB |
Big city: 53.4, coastal: 62.2, rural: 32.4, other: 52.9, total: 49.6 µg/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
Big city: 10, coastal: 18, rural: 13, other: 11, total: 52 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
DDE (4,4'-) |
Review |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
See citation |
North Rhine-Westphalia / Rhineland Palatinate |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
GERMANY |
|
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
1459 ppb dw ± 110 |
Feather concentration |
|
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
VANADIUM (elemental) |
San Pedro: <0.5, Roosevelt: 1.0, Alamo: <0.5 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
|
San Pedro: 5, Roosevelt: 2, Alamo: 1 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
CHLORDANE |
γ-chlordane: 0.03 µg/g lw |
Blubber concentration |
B |
Not Reported |
18 |
Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
DDT (4,4'-) |
2006 ng/g ww |
Premature fetus concentration |
B |
Embryo |
9 |
Coastal sites |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
BROMINATED BIPYROLE |
See citation |
Blubber concentration |
M |
|
26 |
Nation Marine Mammal Tissue Bank samples |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
CHLORPYRIFOS |
Alaska: NR, California: 43.8 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
F |
Adult |
Alaska: 38, California: 18 |
Alaksa: 3 sites in eastern AK, California: 3 sites between Santa Cruz and Monterey |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
ENDOSULFAN |
7.2 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
F |
Adult |
18 |
3 sites in eastern AK |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Dibutyltin: 96 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
13 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Diphenyltin: <0.09 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
RUSSIA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Total octyltins: <0.91 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
4 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
LEAD (elemental) |
Review |
Blood concentration |
|
|
|
Canary Islands |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SPAIN |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
0.014-0.040 ng/g ww |
Egg yolk concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
11 nests, 20 eggs |
Guadeloupe, French West Indies |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
IRON (elemental) |
343.57 µg/g ww |
Blood concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
42 |
Punta Abreojos |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
ENDRIN |
0.001-1.36 ng/mL |
Plasma concentration of endrin sulfate |
B |
Juvenile |
1 |
Bahía Magdalena |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
LEAD (elemental) |
0.03 µg/g dw, 0.006 ww |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
|
9 |
Big Bend, Citrus County |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
Review |
Blood concentration |
NR |
Not Reported |
See citation |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
DICOFOL |
81.7 ± 325.38 ng/g ww |
Fat concentration |
NR |
Juvenile |
64 |
SE coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
BRAZIL |
|