DDE (4,4'-) |
1.00 µg/g (0.20-25.56) |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
20 |
Lemoore |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Fresno |
USA |
Laboratory |
CALCIUM |
317 µg/g ± 12 |
Eggshell concentration |
|
Embryo |
6 |
Konza Prairie |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
DDE (4,4'-) |
0.32 µg/g ww ± 0.15 |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
NICKEL (elemental) |
0.54 µg/g dw |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
CADMIUM (elemental) |
0.09 µg/g ww ± 0.27 |
Egg concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
69 |
Sinaloa |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
HEXACHLOROBENZENE |
0.01 µg/g ww |
Embryo concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
10 |
Hat Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PERFLUOROALKYL PHOSPHINIC ACIDS (PFPIA) |
0.80 ng/g ww ± 0.19 |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
Adult |
8 |
Lake Nipissing |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
1985: 7.32, 1990: 26.2, 1995: 211, 2002: 63.3 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
|
|
See citation |
Mandarte Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
1979: 0.2, 1985: 7.3, 1990: 26.3, 1994: 384.9, 1995: 210.7, 1998: 194.6, 2002: 63.4 ; 2006: 35.7, 2011: 31.3 ng/g ww |
Egg concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
1979:1, 1985: 5, 1990: 11, 1994: 3, 1995: 10, 1998: 6, 2002: 3 ; 2006: 15, 2011: 15 ng/g ww |
Mandarte Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
0.547 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
2 |
Sweetwater Marsh |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
San Diego |
USA |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
7660 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
35 nests |
CT, MA, ME, NH, RI, VT |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PCB |
35.16 ng/g ww |
Plasma concentration, geometric mean |
NR |
Nestling |
34 nests |
Great Lake Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
DIELDRIN |
1982-1986: 0.07, 1990-1998: 0.01, 2004-2006: 0.01 mg/kg |
Plasma concentration |
F |
Adult |
1982-1986: 54, 1990-1998: 66, 2004-2006: 16 |
Rankin Inlet, Nunavut |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
OCTABROMOTRIMETHYLPHENYLLINDANE (OBIND) |
4.2 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
12 |
Great Lakes Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
PERFLUORODODECANOIC ACID (PFDoA) |
3.2 ng/g ww |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
10 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SWEDEN |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
Urban: 2874.5, nonurban: 409.1 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
Urban: 41, nonurban: 41 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
HEXACHLOROBENZENE |
Review |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
See citation |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
GERMANY |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
213 ppb dw ± 93 |
Feather concentration |
|
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
STRONTIUM |
San Pedro: 50.2, Roosevelt: 3.2, Alamo: 5.2 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
|
San Pedro: 5, Roosevelt: 2, Alamo: 1 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
DDD (4,4'-) |
0.28 µg/g lw |
Blubber concentration |
B |
Not Reported |
18 |
Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, Baja California |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
DDT (4,4'-) |
18567 ng/g lw |
Maternal blubber concentration |
F |
Adult |
20 |
Coastal sites |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
See citation |
Blubber concentration |
M |
|
26 |
Nation Marine Mammal Tissue Bank samples |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
CHLORDANE |
Alaska: 61, California: 180 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
F |
Adult |
Alaska: 38, California: 18 |
Alaksa: 3 sites in eastern AK, California: 3 sites between Santa Cruz and Monterey |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
ENDOSULFAN |
10.6 ng/g lw |
Blood concentration |
B |
Pup |
5 |
3 sites in eastern AK |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN COMPOUNDS |
Total tin: 1.3 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
15 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Tributyltin: 7.1 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
5 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
RUSSIA |
|
TIN, BUTYL |
Triphenyltin: <0.10 ng/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
4 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
METHYLMERCURY |
See citation Figures 3 & 4 |
Blood concentration |
B |
Not Reported |
64 |
Gambinini Marsh, Mid-Petaluma Marsh, Black John Slough |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Sonoma |
USA |
|
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE |
1.47 ± 0.48 ng/g ww |
Egg yolk concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
11 nests, 20 eggs |
Guadeloupe, French West Indies |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
CADMIUM (elemental) |
0.06 µg/g ww |
Blood concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
42 |
Punta Abreojos |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
ALDRIN |
10.43339 ng/mL |
Plasma concentration |
B |
Juvenile |
12 |
Bahía Magdalena |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
5.95 µg/g dw, 0.98 ww |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
|
9 |
Big Bend, Citrus County |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
ARSENIC (elemental) |
Review |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Not Reported |
See citation |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
|
|
ENDOSULFAN |
3.4 ± 9.81 ng/g ww |
Endosuphan sulfate fat concentration |
NR |
Juvenile |
64 |
SE coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
BRAZIL |
|
ENDOSULFAN |
2.8 ±11.75 ng/g ww |
Endosuphan sulphate liver concentration |
NR |
Juvenile |
64 |
SE coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
BRAZIL |
|
CADMIUM (elemental) |
|
Reference intervals for blood concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
49 |
Howick Group of Islands |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
AUSTRALIA |
|
ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS |
0.80 ± 0.50 µg/g ww |
Kidney concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
3 |
Samandağ & Dörtyol |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
TURKEY |
|
COPPER (elemental) |
2.13 ± 1.95 µg/g ww |
Liver concentration |
B |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
3 |
Samandağ & Dörtyol |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
TURKEY |
|
ZINC (elemental) |
|
Blood concentration |
NR |
Not Reported |
|
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SPAIN |
|
CIS-CHLORDANE |
0.03 ppm ww |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
1 |
Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
LCRS: 0.70, reference site: 0.10 µg/g ww |
Brain concentration |
|
Nestling |
LCRS: 6, reference: 4 |
LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
2002: 6.66, 2003: 8.50 µg/g ww |
Feather concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 |
Humboldt River |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
DDT (4,4'-) |
MS-90: 0.0122, BI-89: 0.0282, BI-90: 0.0506, WM-89: 0.0185, WM-90: 0.0236, SW-91: 0.0572 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
BI-82: 10, others: 5 |
MS: Mallard Slough, Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
0.11 µg/g ww |
Egg concentration |
B |
Embryo |
4 |
Lower Laguna Madre |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
LEAD (elemental) |
0.26 µg/g ww |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
5 |
Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
TRANS-NONACHLOR |
Not detected |
Brain concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
10 |
Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
ZINC (elemental) |
179 µg/g |
Feather concentration |
NR |
Adult |
36 |
Clear Lake |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lake |
USA |
|
CHROMIUM (elemental) |
Vane 1: 4.6, Vane 2: 2.7, rachis 1: 0.75, rachis 2: 0.50 µg/g |
Feather concentration; flight right 1⁰ |
NR |
Adult |
1 |
Frontenac, Eastern Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
LINDANE |
153 ± 2.5 ng/g |
Accumulation in eggs from spiked nest material |
NR |
Embryo |
10 |
Texas Tech University, Lubbock |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
USA |
Laboratory |
LEAD (elemental) |
88.8 ± 15.1 ppb |
Blood concentration of live-captured |
|
|
29 |
Pine Barrens |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
CADMIUM (elemental) |
19.8 ± 3.4 ppb |
Skin concentration, dead-captured |
|
|
20 |
Pine Barrens |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 |
288.60 ± 33.35 ng/g |
Egg concentrations |
NR |
Embryo |
17 |
Avian Science and Conservation Centre of
McGill University |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
CANADA |
Laboratory |
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 |
No effect |
Retinol |
M |
Adult |
64 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Lab |
CANADA |
Laboratory |
CADMIUM (elemental) |
0.09 µg/g ww ± 0.20 |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
63 |
Sinaloa Coast |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
Laboratory |
MERCURY (elemental) |
1.19 ppm ± 0.42 |
Chick feathers |
|
Chick |
22 |
Palmico Sound, Beacon |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID |
1.1 ng/g ww (<1-2.2) |
Muscle concentration |
|
Not Reported |
5 |
Cartagena Bay |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
COLUMBIA |
Laboratory |
PBDE MIXTURE |
25.3 ng/g ww (10.2-69.8) |
Egg concentration |
|
|
10 |
Marsh Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
LINDANE |
14.16 ng/g ww ± 8.8 |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
8 |
Colorado River Delta |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
MEXICO |
Laboratory |
DDE (4,4'-) |
1.14 µg/g (0.61-3.71) |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
16 |
Lemoore |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
Fresno |
USA |
Laboratory |
STRONTIUM |
39 µg/g ± 10 |
Eggshell concentration |
|
Embryo |
5 |
Detroit |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
Laboratory |
DIELDRIN |
0.039 µg/g ww ± 0.035 |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
SELENIUM (elemental) |
6.95 µg/g dw |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Hatchling |
4 |
Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
Laboratory |
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
12.60 µg/g dw ± 1.40 |
Total Hg feather concentration |
NR |
Nestling |
19 |
Hoffman Island, Canarsie Pol, & Swinburne Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
MIREX |
0.011 µg/g ww |
Embryo concentration |
NR |
Embryo |
10 |
Hat Island |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PERFLUOROALKYL CARBOXYLATES (PFCA) |
148 ng/g ww ± 18 |
Plasma concentration |
NR |
Adult |
8 |
Lake Nipissing |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
MERCURY COMPOUNDS |
See citation |
Liver concentration |
NR |
Adult |
104 |
5 lakes in Saskatchewan |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
METHYLMERCURY |
10.0 µg/g dw [6.7-14.8 (95% CI)] |
Liver concentration |
M |
Adult |
63 |
Point Pelee
National Park of Canada-Middle Island, Lake Erie |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS |
1.81 µg/g dw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
2 |
Sweetwater Marsh |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
San Diego |
USA |
|
COPPER (elemental) |
0.34 mg/kg |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
60 |
NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
15.38 ng/g ww |
Plasma concentration, geometric mean |
NR |
Nestling |
35 nests |
Great Lake Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
DIELDRIN |
1982-1986: 0.08, 1990-1998: <0.01, 2004-2006: <0.01 mg/kg |
Plasma concentration |
M |
Adult |
1982-1986: 18, 1990-1998: 31, 2004-2006: 9 |
Rankin Inlet, Nunavut |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXABROMOBIPHENYL (BB-153) |
160 ng/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
12 |
Great Lakes Basin |
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
CANADA |
|
PERFLUOROTRIDECANOIC ACID (PFTriA) |
7.3 ng/g ww |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
10 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
SWEDEN |
|
PBDE MIXTURE |
Big city: 10.2, coastal: 2.17, rural: 1.34, other: 12.0, total: 3.72 µg/g lw |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
Big city: 10, coastal: 18, rural: 13, other: 11, total: 52 |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
USA |
|
PCB |
Review |
Egg concentration |
|
Embryo |
See citation |
|
Toxicity Factor Datasets |
|
GERMANY |
|