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American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) effects on hepatic mixed function oxidases and porphyria in birds - II. American kestrel

Author(s)
Elliot, J.E., S.W. Kennedy, D. Jeffrey and L. Shutt
Pages
141-145
Year
Issue
1/2
Volume
99
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
PCB 105 (2,3,3',4,4'-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL) 2.4 (control), 119.0 (PCB 153), 182.0 (PCB 105), 3.3 (PCB 126) mg/kg, wet weight PCB concentrations in pooled adipose tissue Female Adult 5-6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls to Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Elliot, John E., Sean W. Kennedy, Angela Lorenzen
Pages
57-75
Year
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254 decreased after 4 weeks liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Enzymatic changes in the oviduct associated with DDE-induced eggshell thinning in the kestrel, Falco sparverius

Author(s)
Bird, David M., David B. Peakall and David S. Miller
Pages
22-24
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect calcium concentration in blood Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE thins eggshells of captive American kestrels

Author(s)
Wiemeyer, Stanley N., and Richard D. Porter
Pages
737-738
Year
Volume
227
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) 0.71 (0.05 SE) ppm at 0 ppm,
32.4 (2.78 SE) ppm at 10 ppm 		mean residues in eggs Female Embryo 9-10 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Eggshell modifications in captive American kestrels resulting from Aroclor 1248 in the diet

Author(s)
Lowe, Peter T. and Rey C. Stendell
Pages
519-522
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1248 5% decrease @ 3.0 ug/g mean eggshell thickness Female Adult 8 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1248 5.60 ug/g (1.15 SD), PCBs; 0.15 ug/g (0.05 SD), dieldrin; 0.15 ug/g (0.07 SD), DDE @ 3.0 ug/g mean egg concentrations, wet wt Female Adult 8 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDE-induced eggshell thinning in the American kestrel: A comparison of the field situation and laboratory results

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L.
Pages
781-793
Year
Issue
3
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) decrease at all doses (15.1-29.2%) eggshell thickness Female Adult 2-5 pairs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

A suggestion of sysnergistic effects of DDE and Aroclor 1254 on Reproduction of the American Kestrel Falco sparverius

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L.
Pages
761-765
Publisher
The Pica Press
Year
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) decrease at 3 ppm mean eggshell thickness Female Adult 18 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Eggshell thickness and reproduction in American kestrels exposed to chronic dietary lead

Author(s)
Pattee, Oliver H.
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) no effect eggshell thickness Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) no effect lead concentration in eggshell Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) 62.0 ppm tibia, 13.5 ppm humeri at 50 ppm lead concentrations in bones Female Adult 16 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Organochlorine residues in raptor eggs in the Cayuga Lake Basin

Author(s)
Lincer, Jeffrey L., and Richard J. Clark
Pages
121-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
25
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 10% decrease eggshell thickness change relative to control Female Adult 34 eggs Cayuga Lake Basin Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism and storage of p,p' dicofol

Author(s)
Schwarzbach, S.E., D. Michael Fry, B.E. Rosson and David M. Bird
Pages
206-210
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL 8.11 (fat), 0.28 (liver) ug/g @ 0.3 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DICOFOL 82.36 (fat), 4.93 (liver), 1.15 (brain), 0.84 (oviduct) ug/g @ 3.0 mg/kg bw/d sum of geometric mean tissue concentrations (wet wt) of dicofol and metabolites (dichlorobenzophenone, mono-dechlorinated dicofol, dichlorobenzhydrol, DDE) Female Adult 2-4/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Birds of prey, DDT, and tussock moths in Pacific Northwest

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J.
Pages
397-411
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 10.4% decrease change in mean eggshell thickness (relative to control) 0-0.8 miles from sprayed area Female Adult 21 eggs La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) Toxicity Factor Datasets

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DIELDRIN no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DIELDRIN no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.3 - 4.2, DDE 1.0 - 12.7 @ 2 ppm; DDT 1.3 - 25.0, DDE 5.0 - 110.1 @ 20 ppm; DDT 25.5 - 254, DDE 58.0 - 1234 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.6 - 2.4, DDE 1.2 - 10.1 @ 2 ppm; DDT 2.2 - 29.2, DDE 15.7 - 153.5 @ 20 ppm; DDT 14.9 - 102.0, DDE 45.0 - 187.0 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DICOFOL 5.4 (0.3 SE) ug/g wet wt. @ 3 ug/g diet; 18.1 (1.2 SE) @ 10 ug/g diet; 37.1 (1.6 SE) @ 30 ug/g diet; 150.7 (9.9SE) @ 100 ug/g diet, mean egg yolk concentrations of p,p'-dicofol after 37-42 d on dicofol diet Female Adult 4-8/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DICOFOL ST = 1.020 - 0.056C regression equation relating shell thickness (mm) to log10 yolk concentration (C, ug/g); r2=0.39 Female Adult 100 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) no effect egg production during study period Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) no effect body weight at end of study Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 2 - 17% decrease @ 3-100 ug/g eggshell thickness, compared to controls Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 10.3 (0.9 SE) ug/g wet wt. @ 3 ug/g diet; 91.5 (1.5 SE) @ 30 ug/g diet; 332.0 (26.0 SE) @ 100 ug/g diet mean egg yolk concentrations after 37-42 d on DDE diet Female Adult 5-10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

DDT thins shells of eggs from mallard ducks maintained on ad libitum or controlled-feeding regimes

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
222-232
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) increase @ 200 ppm Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) decrease @ 20 - 200 ppm eggshell thickness, weight and calcium concentration Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DIELDRIN 6% decrease @ 10 ppm eggshell thickness Female Adult 18/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Subchronic organophosphorus ester-induced delayed neurotoxicity in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Louis Sileo and Helen C. Murray
Pages
128-136
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
EPN increased @ all doses incidence of hyperactivity, ataxia, and/or paralysis compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN increased @ 30, 90, 270 ppm incidence of CNS lesions (demyelination, axonal degeneration in spinal cord) compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN decreased @ all doses activity of brain and plasma cholinesterase, and brain neurotoxic esterase compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
EPN decreased @ 90, 270 pmm plasma alkaline phosphatase activity compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
LEPTOPHOS decreased @ 270, 540 ppm body weight compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
LEPTOPHOS increased @ all doses incidence of CNS lesions (demyelination, axonal degeneration in spinal cord) compared with controls Female Juvenile 6/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 20 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Some effects of DDE and PCB on mallards and their eggs

Author(s)
Risebrough, Robert W. and Daniel W. Anderson
Pages
508-513
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-) no effect food consumption rate (174 g/d) compared to control (173 g/d) Female Adult 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254 no effect food consumption rate (184 g/d) compared to control (173 g/d) Female Adult 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-) no effect food consumption rate (181 g/d) compared to control (173 g/d) Female Adult 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254 no effect eggshell thickness Female Adult 10 hens/dose; 8-9 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 17% decrease eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 10 hens /dose; 8 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-) 19% decrease eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 10 hens/dose; 8 eggs/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Enzyme changes in mallard ducks fed iron or lead shot

Author(s)
Rozman, Robert S., Louis N. Locke and S. Finley McClure III
Pages
435-445
Year
Issue
3
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased @ 8 #four iron shot serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased with all treatments incidence of hemosiderosis in liver vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
IRON (elemental), LEAD (elemental) increased @ 8 #four iron shot incidence of inclusion bodies in kidney vs controls Female Adult 8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of 15 common environmental pollutants on eggshell thickness in mallards and coturnix

Author(s)
Haegele, Max A. and Richard K. Tucker
Pages
98-102
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254 decreased @ 1000 mg/kg bw post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose thickness Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CHLOROETHYLMERCURY decreased @ 500 mg/kg bw post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose thickness Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DICHLOROPHENOXY-ACETIC ACID (2,4-) decreased @ 1500 mg/kg bw post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose thickness Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
HEPTACHLOR decreased @ 1000 mg/kg bw post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose thickness Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
ARSENITE, SODIUM decreased @ 100 mg/kg bw post-dose eggshell thickness versus pre-dose thickness Female Adult 5/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Mercury accumulation in mallards fed methylmercury with or without added DDE

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
372-376
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-), METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE 1.0 +/- 0.06 (@ 1 ppm Hg, no DDE), 5.3 +/- 0.56 (@ 5 ppm Hg, no DDE) ppm Hg, wet wt Hg concentration in breast muscle (mean +/- SE) Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxic effects of boron on mallard reproduction

Author(s)
Smith, Gregory J. and Velora P. Anders
Pages
943-950
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
BORIC ACID no effect eggshell thickness and Ratcliffe index of eggshell quality Female Adult 15/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

p,p' - DDE - induced changes in the organic and inorganic structure of eggshells of the mallard, Anas platyrhynchos

Author(s)
Greenburg, R.R., Risebrough, R.W. and D.W. Anderson
Pages
279-286
Year
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254, DDE (4,4'-) decreased with all treatments numbers of mammillary cores and basal caps on eggshell membranes versus controls Female Adult 6-8 eggs/group from 10 hens Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Selenium accumulation and loss in mallard eggs

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
775-778
Year
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENOMETHIONINE 13-20 ppm, wet wt mean Se concentration in eggs Female Adult 5 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Mallard egg quality: Enhancement by low levels of petroleum and chlorinated hydrocarbons

Author(s)
Vangilder, Larry D. and Tony J. Peterle
Pages
17-23
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CRUDE OILS no effect onset of laying, egg production, egg fertility, compared to controls Female Adult 20 hens/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CRUDE OILS decrease egg hatchability (# eggs hatching/# fertile eggs), compared to controls Female Adult 20 hens/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) no effect onset of laying, egg production, egg fertility and egg hatchability, compared to controls Female Adult 20 hens/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of white phosphorus to waterfowl: Acute exposure to mallards

Author(s)
Sparling, Donald W., Mary Gustafson, Patrice Klein and Natalie Karouna-Renier
Pages
187-197
Year
Volume
33
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) 6.96 mg/kg bw (2.66-8.96 95% CI) 24 hour median lethal dose Female Adult 6 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
PHOSPHORUS (YELLOW OR WHITE) 3.90 mg/kg bw (3.24-4.69 95% CI) 24 hour median lethal dose Female Adult 4-5 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of DDT on eggshell quality and calcium adenosine triphosphatase

Author(s)
Kolaja, Gerald J. and David E. Hinton
Pages
699-704
Year
Volume
3
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (4,4'-) decreased eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 5 hens; 19 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) decreased eggshell weight versus controls Female Adult 5 hens; 19 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) decreased eggshell quality (R-value) versus controls Female Adult 5 hens; 19 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) no effect calcium concentration in eggshell versus controls Female Adult 5 hens; 19 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on selected cells of the mallard immune system

Author(s)
Rocke, Tonie E. and Michael D. Samuel
Pages
1-9
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
LEAD (elemental) ppm wet wt: 1.21 (0.78), blood; 2.32 (1.10), liver; 131.13 (90.94), femur @ 2 #four shot mean (2SE) lead concentrations in liver, femur and blood Female Adult 24 birds Sacramento National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 yr Sacramento
Citation:

Dieldrin and p,p'-DDT effects on some microsomal enzymes of livers of chickens and mallard ducks

Author(s)
Davison, Kenneth L. and Jerry L. Sell
Pages
1198-1205
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN increase @ 10-20 ug/g estradiol metabolism and cytochrome P450 concentration Female Adult 4/dose/sampling time Toxicity Factor Datasets 90 d at initiation Laboratory
DIELDRIN no effect body or liver weight at end of experiment Female Adult 4/dose/sampling time Toxicity Factor Datasets 90 d at initiation Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) no effect body weight at end of experiment Female Adult 4/dose/sampling time Toxicity Factor Datasets 80 d at initiation Laboratory
Citation:

Tissue-specific bioenergetic effects and increased enzymatic activities following acute sublethal peroral exposure to cyanide in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Ma, Juntao and Chris A. Pritsos
Pages
297-302
Year
Volume
142
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CYANIDE decreased @ all doses ATP levels in liver and brain tissues versus controls Female Adult 5/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CYANIDE no effect ATP levels in heart versus controls Female Adult 5/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CYANIDE increased rhodanese and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase activities in brain versus controls Female Adult 5/treatment Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
394-401
Year
Issue
2
Volume
43
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE ppm, wet wt: 0.79-0.86 (egg); 0.89-1.62 (liver); 1.52-1.82 (kidney); 9.03-11.17 (primary feathers); 0.67-0.83 (breast muscle); 0.44-0.59 (brain); 0.51-0.65 (ovary) mean concentration of Hg in tissues (ranges are for 3 generations) Female Adult 3-14 birds/tissue x generation group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE decreased in 3rd generation eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 14 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Organochlorine accumulation by sentinel mallards at the Winston-Thomas sewage treatment plant, Bloomington, Indiana

Author(s)
Custer, T.W., D.W. Sparks, S.A. Sobiech, R.K. Hines, and M.J. Melancon
Pages
163-169
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS positive correlation relationships between EROD activity and dieldrin concentrations Female Adult 5 birds/timepoint (timepoints = 0,10,20,32,42,52,59,70,80,90,100 days) Bloomington Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, OXYCHLORDANE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS positive correlation relationship between BROD, PROD, and EROD activities and total PCB, oxychlordane, and TEQs concentrations Female Adult 5 birds/timepoint (timepoints = 0,10,20,32,42,52,59,70,80,90,100 days) Bloomington Toxicity Factor Datasets

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Long term trends and sources of organochlorine contamination in Canadian tundra peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus tundrius

Author(s)
Johnstone, Robin M., Gordon S. Court, Adrian C. Fesser, D. Mark Bradley, Lynn W. Oliphant, and James D. MacNeil
Pages
109-120
Year
Issue
2
Volume
93
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 15% percent eggshell thinning compared with pre-DDT reference eggs Female Adult 20 eggs Rankin Inlet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Organochlorine pesticide contamination in three species of raptor and their prey in south Australia

Author(s)
Falkenberg, Ian D., Terry E. Dennis, and Brian D. Williams
Pages
163-173
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 16% percent eggshell thinning compared to pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult 13 eggs South Australia Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
Citation:

A toxicological assessment of peregrine falcons, Falco peregrinus tundrius, breeding in the Keewatin District of the Northwest Territories, Canada

Author(s)
Court, G.S., C.C. Gates, D.A. Boag, J.D. MacNeil, D.M. Bradley, A.C. Fesser, J.R. Patterson, G.B. Stenhouse, and L.W. Oliphant
Pages
255-272
Year
Issue
2
Volume
104
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 15.8% mean eggshell thinning compared to "pre-pesticide" reference eggs Female Adult 78 eggs Rankin Inlet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS log DDE in eggs = 0.9723 + 0.8506(log DDE in plasma); r = 0.66 log-log relationship between DDE in plasma of female birds and DDE in eggs Female Adult 10 females Rankin Inlet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDT and dieldrin: effects on resident peregrine falcon populations in south-eastern Australia

Author(s)
Olsen, Penny, Bill Emison, Nick Mooney, and Nigel Brothers
Pages
89-100
Year
Volume
1
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) eggshell thickness index = 1.888 - 0.281(log DDE) linear regression of eggshell thickness index and DDE content of eggs Female Adult 137 eggs Tasmania, Victoria, South Australia Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
Citation:

Pesticide residues and shell thinning in eggs of peregrines in Norway

Author(s)
Nygard, Torgeir
Pages
161-166
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) review data correlating eggshell thinning and DDE concentrations in eggs Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets GLOBAL
Citation:

DDE in a resident Aleutian Island peregrine population

Author(s)
White, Clayton M., William B. Emison, and Francis S.L. Williamson
Pages
306-311
Year
Volume
75
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 1.89 (1.27-2.43) -6.96 (3.28-13.37) ppm, wet wt annual mean (range) concentrations in eggs Female Adult 3-6 eggs/year Amchitka Island Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 7.5% decrease eggshell thickness compared to "pre-pesticide" reference eggs Female Adult 3-6 eggs/year Amchitka Island Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Eggshell thinning and organochlorine residues in eggs and prey of peregrine falcons from Victoria, Australia

Author(s)
Pruett-Jones, Stephen G., Clayton M. White, and William B. Emison
Pages
281-287
Year
Volume
80
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) no relation linear regression of eggshell thickness and DDE concentration in eggs Female Adult 35 eggs Victoria Toxicity Factor Datasets AUSTRALIA
Citation:

Shell thinning in eggs of Ungava peregrines

Author(s)
Berger, Daniel D., Daniel W. Anderson, James D. Weaver, and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
265-267
Year
Volume
84
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 12.7 +/- 8.7 ppm (wet wt), 253 +/- 160 ppm (lipid wt) mean (+/-SE) DDE concentration in eggs Female Adult 10 eggs Ungava region, Quebec; islands of Northwest Territories Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Analysis of peregrine falcon eggs in Ecuador

Author(s)
Jenny, J. Peter, William A. Burnham, Tjitte DeVries, Nancy Hilgert, and Fernando Ortiz
Pages
502
Year
Volume
85
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) no effect eggshell thickness compared to pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult 2 eggs, 1 nest Toxicity Factor Datasets ECUADOR

Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris)

Citation:

The toxicity of p,p'-DDT to the clapper rail

Author(s)
Van Velzen, Aldeen and J.F. Kreitzer
Pages
305-309
Year
Issue
2
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (4,4'-) 1896 ppm 5 day dietary LC50 Female Juvenile 4 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 19.0 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that survived Female Juvenile 4 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
DDD (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) 44.6 ppm mean residue concentration in brains of birds that died Female Juvenile 4 birds Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Effects of diet and cold exposure on captive female mourning doves dosed with lead shot

Author(s)
Marn, Carolyn M., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
589-594
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) 47.2-190.7 ug/g, dry wt mean lead concentrations in kidney (greater accumulation with mixed seed vs. pelleted diet) Female Adult 12/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on captive mourning dove survivability and reproduction

Author(s)
Buerger, Theodore T., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
1-8
Year
Issue
1
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
LEAD (elemental) no effect female fertility or productivity, egg weight and size Female Adult 25 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
LEAD (elemental) no effect mortality Female Adult 25 birds/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of polychlorinated biphenyls on mourning dove reproduction and circulating progesterone levels

Author(s)
Koval, P.J., T.J. Peterle and J.D. Harder
Pages
663-670
Year
Volume
39
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
AROCLOR 1254 increased at 10 ppm interval from nest occupation to egg-laying Female Adult 10-13/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
AROCLOR 1254 decreased at 10 ppm percent of birds that laid eggs Female Adult 10-13/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Influence of feeding chlorocholine chloride and glyphosine on selected immune parameters in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Olson, Leon J. and Ronald D. Hinsdill
Pages
103-114
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE increase @ 1, 20, 80 mg/kg bw/d liver weight to bw ratio Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE increase @ 1-80 mg/kg thymus weight to bw ratios Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CHLOROCHOLINE CHLORIDE increase @ 80 mg/kg bw/d white blood cell counts Female Adult 12/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Energy acquisition and allocation in Peromyscus maniculatus exposed to aldicarb and cool temperatures

Author(s)
French, Jr., John B. and Warren P. Porter
Pages
927-933
Year
Volume
6
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
ALDICARB no effect food intake Female 8 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 - 32 d Laboratory

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Organochlorine residues and shell thinning in Oregon seabird eggs

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
15-21
Year
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS no effect shell thickness Female Adult 10 eggs from 10 nests OR coast Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Biological effects of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls in double-crested cormorant chicks (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Author(s)
Sanderson, J. Thomas, Ross J. Norstrom, John E. Elliott, Leslie E. Hart, Kimberly M. Cheng and Gail D. Bellward
Pages
247-265
Year
Volume
41
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS decreased at 276, 672, 1606 ng/kg Mean yolk weight of eggs Female Both Adults and Juveniles 5-12 eggs/dose Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA

California Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus)

Citation:

Trace element and organochlorine concentrations in California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) eggs

Author(s)
Lonzarich, David G., Thomas E. Harvey and Jean E. Takekawa
Pages
147-153
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
CHLORDANE, DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN, HEPTACHLOR, MERCURY (elemental), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS, SELENIUM (elemental) no effect eggshell thickness compared to those of museum eggs from 1907 and 1936 Female Adult 29 eggs North and South San Francisco Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets
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