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Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Effects of dietary mercury and lead on eggshell thickness in mallards

Author(s)
Haegele, Max A., Richard K. Tucker and R.H. Hudson
Pages
5-11
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDE (4,4'-), LEAD COMPOUNDS, MERCURY COMPOUNDS decreased @ 40 ppm DDE eggshell thickness versus controls Female Adult 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Methylmercury: Reproductive and behavioral effects on three generations of mallard ducks

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H.
Pages
394-401
Year
Issue
2
Volume
43
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
METHYLMERCURY DICYANDIAMIDE increased in 2nd generation proportion of eggs laid outside nestbox Female Adult 14 pairs/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Kinetics of selenium incorporation into tissues of female mallard ducks

Author(s)
Wilson, David S., Peng Zhang, Rong He, Ron Ota, Stanley T. Omaye
Pages
51-60
Year
Volume
122
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENITE, SODIUM figure/table figures and tables of selenium concentration over time (% of administered dose) Female Adult Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of DDT on eggshell quality and calcium adenosine triphosphatase

Author(s)
Kolaja, Gerald J. and David E. Hinton
Pages
699-704
Year
Volume
3
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
DDT (4,4'-) no effect total Ca/eggshell Female Adult 5 hens; 19 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Body composition of female mallards in winter in relation to annual cycle events

Author(s)
Heitmeyer, Mickey E.
Pages
669-680
Year
Volume
90
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Body Fat (total or %) 102 g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles 14 Mingo Basin Exposure Factor Datasets alternate plumate, unpaired 12 SE
Body Fat (total or %) 168 g (lipid) Female Both Adults and Juveniles 32 Mingo Basin Exposure Factor Datasets initiation prebasic molt 8 SE
Citation:

Weights of wild mallard Anas platyrhynchos, gadwall A. strepera, and blue-winged teal A. discors during the breeding season

Author(s)
Lokemoen, John T., Douglas H. Johnson and David E. Sharp
Pages
122-130
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 1020 g Female Adult 173 central North Dakota Exposure Factor Datasets after second year
Body Weight - Mean 973 g Female Adult 177 central North Dakota Exposure Factor Datasets 2 yr
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality 46 These are average survival rates. For breakdown by region, see table 16, p. 27. % Female Juvenile not reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Distribution and survival of mallards banded at Malheur National Wildlife Refuge

Author(s)
Jarvis, Robert L., and Sean B. Furniss
Pages
292-301
Year
Issue
3
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Survival/ Mortality 0.569 estimated annual survival rate (1960-1971) Female Juvenile Not Reported Malheur National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 0.105 (SE)
Survival/ Mortality 0.586 estimated annual survival rate (1960-1971) Female Adult Not Reported Malheur National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 0.081 (SE)
Citation:

Metabolizable energy of small grains for mallards

Author(s)
Sugden, Lawson G.
Pages
781-785
Year
Issue
4
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 38.01 The value is an average calculated from average intake on eight different diets. See table 1 p. 783 for specific diet averages. grams/duck/day Female Juvenile 12 Exposure Factor Datasets 18 -20 weeks old Laboratory

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Shell thinning in eggs of Ungava peregrines

Author(s)
Berger, Daniel D., Daniel W. Anderson, James D. Weaver, and Robert W. Risebrough
Pages
265-267
Year
Volume
84
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
DDE (4,4'-) 21% decrease eggshell thickness compared to pre-1940 museum specimens Female Adult 21 eggs from 12 clutches Ungava region, Quebec; islands of Northwest Territories Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

DDE residues and eggshell changes in Alaskan falcons and hawks

Author(s)
Cade, Tom J., Jeffrey L. Lincer, and Clayton M. White
Pages
955-957
Year
Volume
172
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 21.7% decrease (tundra population); 16.8% decrease (taiga population); 7.5% decrease (Aleutian population) eggshell thickness compared to pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult 23 eggs (tundra pop.); 14 eggs (taiga pop.); 11 eggs (Aleutian pop.) Colville River (tundra); Yukon River (taiga); Amchitka Island (Aleutian) Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

American Peregrine Falcon

Author(s)
Aldrich, John A.
Pages
1-14
Publisher
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutch or Litter Size review Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets USA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Relationship between deer mouse population parameters and dieldrin contamination in the Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge

Author(s)
Allen, Daniel L. and David L. Otis
Pages
243-250
Year
Volume
76
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DIELDRIN increase % of female deer mice exhibiting signs of reproduction increased as dieldrin levels increased at contaminated vs control sites Female Adult Not Reported Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Body Weight - Mean 22.0 g Female Adult 1 captured in North Dakota, Wyoming and Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets Lactating Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 1032 maintenance (485 cal/g/d) + production (547 cal/g/d) metabolic rate cal/g/day Female Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Lactating Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of reproduction on maternal survial and subsequent reproduction in northern Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Millar, John S., Elissa M. Derrickson and S.T.P. Sharpe
Pages
1129-1134
Year
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality % survival to end of breeding season, range over 5 yrs % Female Adult 15 - 43 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Field populations of deermice with supplemental food

Author(s)
Fordham, R. A.
Pages
138-146
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean range of mean weights taken every 2 wks for 10 wks in sites with excess artificial food (whole oats) g Female Juvenile 4-29/time University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

A study and implications of habitat separation by sex of wintering American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Meyer, Ruthe Lashe and Thomas G. Balgooyen
Pages
107-123
Year
Volume
6
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition invertebrates (173.8), reptiles (23.0), birds (481.0), mammals (609.5) amount of prey taken by prey weight g Female Adult 5 Hollister Basin (elev. 48-210 m) Exposure Factor Datasets San Benito, Santa Clara
Citation:

Diet, capture success, and mode of hunting by female American kestrels in winter

Author(s)
Collopy, Michael W. and James R. Koplin
Pages
369-371
Year
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition invertebrates (10.5%), herpetofauna (2.4%), mammals (79.1%), birds (8.0%) dietary composition (% of total biomass), 1972-1973 Female Not Reported 4 Arcata Bottoms Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Dietary Composition invertebrates (39.3%), herpetofauna (37.9%), mammals (22.8%) dietary composition (% of total biomass), 1973-1974 Female Not Reported 3 Arcata Bottoms Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Citation:

Growth of body components in parent- and hand-reared captive kestrels

Author(s)
Bird, David M. and Robert G. Clark
Pages
77-84
Year
Issue
3
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 120.2 average body weight g Female Adult 26 birds Exposure Factor Datasets 5.3 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 20.34 g Female Adult 40 captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets Non-breeding 0.42 SE Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 31.46 g Female Adult 44 captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets breeding 0.43 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: size and compromise

Author(s)
Myers, Philip and Lawrence L. Master
Pages
1-18
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size #/litter Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Some factors affecting the distribution of the prairie vole, forest deer mouse, and prairie deer mouse.

Author(s)
Dice, Lee R.
Pages
29-47
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 3.78 daily water ingestion at ambient temperature of 21C cc/animal/d Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets prior to parturition Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

An altitudinal survey of reproduction in Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Dunmire, William W.
Pages
174-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.06 potential litter size estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites #/litter Female Adult 72 White Mountain (elev., 9,800 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Mono 0.16 SE
Clutch or Litter Size 4.73 potential litter size estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites #/litter Female Adult 30 White Mountain (elev., 7,000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Mono 0.67 SE

San Joaquin Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. biseriatus)

Citation:

Reproduction in mountain and lowland populations of the lizard Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
176-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
1974
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1-3 clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported Puente Hills, Whittier (elev., 150 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Clutches or Litters per year 1-2 clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported San Gabriel Mountains, Crystal Lake (elev., 1584 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)

Citation:

Selected aspects of burrowing owl ecology and behavior

Author(s)
Martin, Dennis J.
Pages
446-456
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying third week of March (begin) Female Adult 15 pairs Albuquerque Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Sexual size dimorphism, mate choice, and productivity of burrowing owls

Author(s)
Plumpton, David L and R. Scott Lutz
Pages
724-727
Year
Issue
3
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 156 g Female Adult 31 birds Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area Exposure Factor Datasets 3.6 (SE)

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Effect of climatic variation on reproduction by pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus)

Author(s)
Lewis, Susan E.
Pages
1429-1433
Year
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Time of Hatching or Parturition June 17 (initiation) date of first capture of a lactating female Female Adult 39 John Day River Valley, 44deg 55' N, 120deg 27' W Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Body Weight - Mean 21.7 mean body weight for lactating females g Female Adult 39 John Day River Valley, 44deg 55' N, 120deg 27' W Exposure Factor Datasets breeding 2.03 SD

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Notes on kit fox biology in Utah

Author(s)
Daneke, Dennis, Melvin Sunquist and Stephen Berwick
Pages
361-362
Year
Issue
3
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 1.9 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Female Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.2 SD
Citation:

Population dynamics of the kit fox in western Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
122-127
Year
Issue
3
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean litter sizes over four years pups Female Adult 2-6 litters/year western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:

Population ecology of the desert tortoise at Goffs, San Bernadino County, California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Kristin H. Berry, Betty L. Burge, Page Hayden, Lori Nicholson and Jan Bickett
Pages
68-81
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality 97.8 annual survival rate for subadults and adults % Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Fenner Valley, Goffs (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Reproduction and survival of the desert tortoise (Scaptochelys agassizii) in Ivanpah Valley, California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Philip A. Medica and Craig L. Lyons
Pages
811-820
Year
Issue
4
Volume
1984
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 2.29 kg Female Adult 51 animals Ivanpah Valley [lat., 35^o23'N; long., 115^o18'W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 0.05SE

Northwestern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis)

Citation:

Home range in the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis occidentalis)

Author(s)
Davis, John and R. Glenn Ford
Pages
933-940
Year
Issue
4
Volume
1983
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Condition
Home Range 76.25 home range reported as minimum area probability (0.95 level); minimum area which will contain a given proportion (95%) of the total observations of the average individual m2 Female 48 animals Hastings Natural History Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Monterey breeding
Home Range 76.50 home range reported as minimum area probability (0.95 level); minimum area which will contain a given proportion (95%) of the total observations of the average individual m2 Female 37 animals Hastings Natural History Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Monterey nonbreeding

California Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris ssp. obsoletus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the California clapper rail in South San Francisco Bay

Author(s)
Harvey, Thomas E.
Pages
98-104
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 7.27 mean clutch size Female Adult 26 nests south San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda 0.96 SD

Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Citation:

Seasonal, sexual and altitudinal variations in stomach content and ingested fat in Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Jameson, E.W. Jr., A.A. Heusner and Donna Lem
Pages
255-261
Year
Issue
3
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 8.61 average snout-vent length = 62.67 mm g Female Not Reported 184 animals yellow pine forest (elev., 1500m), central Sierra Nevada Exposure Factor Datasets 4.26SD
Food Ingestion Rate 249 mean measured stomach content fresh weight of lizard averaging 8.1 g mg Female Not Reported 194 valley grassland (elev., 150m), central Sierra Nevada Exposure Factor Datasets 180SD
Citation:

Variation in clutch and litter size in New World reptiles

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
28
Year
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 6.50 eggs/clutch Female Adult 8 "lowland" habitat Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 0.53

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 53.8 mean distance moved from site of initial capture m Female Not Reported 339 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity at least 36 oldest recorded mo Female Adult 3 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding of captive kangaroo rats, Dipodomys merriami and D. microps

Author(s)
Daly, M., Margo I. Wilson and P. Behrends
Pages
338-341
Year
Issue
2
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Sexual Maturity 64 youngest age of female conceiving d Female Adult 51 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.02 embryos/female Female Adult Not Reported Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 0.373 acres Female Adult Not Reported Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Life history notes on Merriam's kangaroo rat in southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
48-58
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.02 embryos/female Female Adult 133 Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000 - 4500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:

Variation in clutch and litter size in New World reptiles

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
28
Year
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.50 mean clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 162 San Gabriel Mountains Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The life history of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, in north-central Oregon

Author(s)
Nussbaum, Ronald A. and Lowell V. Diller
Pages
243-260
Year
Issue
4
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.33 eggs/clutch Female Adult 87 Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.08 SE
Home Range 0.175 estimated using probability density function (95% confidence interval) ha Female Adult 8 Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hormonal and physiological control of clutch size, egg size and egg shape in side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana): constraints on the evolution of lizard life histories

Author(s)
Sinervo, Barry and Paul Licht
Pages
252-264
Year
Volume
257
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 6.3 average clutch size eggs/female Female Adult 35 Los Banos Creek, Billy Wright Road Exposure Factor Datasets Merced

Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis)

Citation:

Relationship of space use to population density in an herbivorus lizard

Author(s)
Alberts, Allison C.
Pages
469-479
Year
Issue
4
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean range of averages for 3 sites g Female Adult Not Reported Coachella Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Reproduction and estrogen-induced vitellogenesis in Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Gerstle, Jinny F. and Ian P. Callard
Pages
791-801
Year
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of means during 5 stages of reproductive cycle g Female Adult 7-15/stage Southwest Herpetlogical Research and Sales, Calimesa Exposure Factor Datasets

Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila formerly Gambelia silus)

Citation:

Observations on the San Joaquin leopard lizard, Crotaphytus wislizenii silus Stenjneger

Author(s)
Montanucci, Richard R.
Pages
270-283
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying June - July time of laying Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Tulare
Clutch or Litter Size 3 eggs/clutch Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Tulare

Island Night Lizard (Xantusia riversiana)

Citation:

Ecology of the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana, on Santa Barbara Island, California

Author(s)
Fellers, Gary M. and Charles A. Drost
Pages
28-78
Year
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Age at Sexual Maturity 2.9 yr Female Adult Not Reported Santa Barbara Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0.2 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R. and Robert L. Bezy
Pages
350-360
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of average number of young produced/female at 3 sites young/female Female Adult 2-25 San Clemente, San Nicolas and Santa Barbara Islands Exposure Factor Datasets

Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. croceum)

Citation:

A comparison of the life histories of coastal and montane populations of Ambystoma macrodactylum in California

Author(s)
Anderson, James D.
Pages
323-355
Year
Issue
2
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 307 eggs/clutch Female Adult 5 Valencia Lagoon, Rio Del Mar Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Movement patterns of brush rabbits in northwestern California

Author(s)
Shields, Paul W.
Pages
381-386
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 149 mean range diameter ft Female Adult 31 Humboldt Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt
Home Range 191 mean range diameter ft Female Juvenile 22 Humboldt Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Home range, population structure, and spatial organization of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Boellstorff, Diane E. and Donald H. Owings
Pages
551-561
Year
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of means for 2 yrs m2 Female Adult 0-12/yr Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda
Citation:

Patterns of progesterone secretion in free-living California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, K.E., S. Nunes and F. Talamantes
Pages
1051-1059
Year
Issue
5
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1 litter/yr Female Adult 128 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1 litters/yr Female Adult Not Reported Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

Foraging chracteristics of female northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursius) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A., Brent S. Stewart and Wayne F. Perryman
Pages
150-158
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (65%); Pacific Whiting (52%); market squid (13%) % occurrence of most frequent prey in scats % Female Adult 23 animals Adams Cove, San Miguel Island [lat., 34^o01'55"N; long., 120^o26'25" W] Exposure Factor Datasets post-partum
Citation:

Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Nino on San Nicolas Island

Author(s)
Francis, J. M. and C. B. Heath
Pages
271-288
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Clutches or Litters per year range of fecundity over 4 yrs; peak pup/peak female counts pups/female/yr Female Adult 4360-6952 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 10-18 range of % mortality during the first 2 mo of life; estimated over 3 yrs % Female Pup 2679 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 mo
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 609 daily milk intake g/d Female Pup 19 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 24.0 SE

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Microhabitat heterogeneity and population ecology of an herbivorous rodent, Microtus califonicus

Author(s)
Cockburn, A., and W. Z. Lidicker, Jr.
Pages
167-177
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean range of mean values for 4 grids over 3 yrs g Female Adult 1 - 42 Russell Reservation, Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Body Weight - Mean range of mean values for 4 grids over 3 yrs g Female Adult 1 - 24 Russell Reservation, Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa non-breeding
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 6.0 mean; height of growing season pups/litter Female Adult 4 Russell Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 1.3 (95%CI)
Clutch or Litter Size 3.3 mean; dry season pups/litter Female Adult 6 Russell Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 1.1 (95%CI)

Alameda Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis ssp. euryxanthus)

Citation:

Observations on the reproduction, courtship, and aggressive behavior of the striped racer, Masticophis lateralis euryxanthus (Reptilia, Serpentes, Columbridae)

Author(s)
Hammerson, Geoffrey A.
Pages
253-255
Year
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation time from mating to egg laying d Female Adult 2 outdoor enclosures, Hayward, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Population characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K. and David W. Kuehn
Pages
813-815
Year
Issue
4
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.6 fetuses Female Both Adults and Juveniles 10 animals Exposure Factor Datasets 1-1.5 years 0.38 SE
Clutch or Litter Size 8.0 fetuses Female Both Adults and Juveniles 4 animals Exposure Factor Datasets >2 years 1.0 SE
Citation:

Captive striped skunk produces two litters

Author(s)
Shadle Albert R.
Pages
388-389
Year
Issue
3
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size pups/litter Female Adult 1 female Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Biology of the striped skunk

Author(s)
Verts, B. J.
Pages
182
Publisher
University of Illinois Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 7.3 pups/litter Female Adult 21 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.25

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Breeding habits of captive long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata)

Author(s)
Wright, Philip L.
Pages
338-344
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 279 d Female Adult 18 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Clutch or Litter Size young/litter Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. sirtalis)

Citation:

Influence of pregnancy on oxygen consumption, heart rate and hematology in the garter snake: Implications for the "cost of reproduction" in live bearing reptiles

Author(s)
Birchard, Geoffrey F., Craig P. Black, Gordon W. Schuett and Virginia Black
Pages
519-523
Year
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 52.5 g Female Adult 4 captured in Michigan and Ohio Exposure Factor Datasets 1 wk post-partum 1.8 SE Laboratory

Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)

Citation:

Comparative ecology of two snake species (Crotalus viridis and Pituophis melanoleucus) in southwestern Idaho

Author(s)
Diller, Lowell V. and Richard L. Wallace
Pages
343-360
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 125 d Female Adult Not Reported Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

The reproduction of heteromyid rodents in captivity

Author(s)
Eisenberg, John F. and Donald E. Isaac
Pages
61-67
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 32 d Female Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)

Citation:

Geographic variation in clutch size in the northern flicker (Colaptes auratus): support for Ashmole's hypothesis

Author(s)
Koenig, Walter D.
Pages
698-706
Year
Volume
101
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 6.5 average size of clutches existing in North American museum collections eggs/clutch Female Adult 411 clutches Exposure Factor Datasets 1.4 SD Laboratory

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 39.9 minimum area home range km2 Female Juvenile 4 Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 27.6 SD
Citation:

Home range and habitat use of coyotes in a farm region of Vermont

Author(s)
Person, David K. and David H. Hirth
Pages
433-441
Year
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 17.1 km2 Female Adult 4 Champlain Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 3.2 SE

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

The effects of fencelines on the reproductive success of loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven
Pages
281-285
Year
Issue
1
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.8 average clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 64 clutches Archbold Biological Station Exposure Factor Datasets 0.8 SD

San Clemente Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus ssp. mearnsi)

Citation:

Natural history and management of the San Clemente loggerhead shrike

Author(s)
Scott, Thomas A. and Michael L. Morrison
Pages
23-57
Year
Issue
2
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 3 adult life expectancy based on duration of home range occupancy yr Female Adult Not Reported San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The effect of extra food on small rodents populations: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Taitt, M.J.
Pages
111-124
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Home Range 1615 elliptical home range based on distribution of capture points m2 Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Douglas fir forest, Vancouver Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of a kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrius) population in an inland saline lake

Author(s)
Fraga, Rosendo M., and Juan A. Amat
Pages
69-85
Year
Issue
1
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutch or Litter Size 2.63 clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 316 nests Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain Exposure Factor Datasets SPAIN

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Autumn movement and home range of sea otters in California

Author(s)
Ribic, Christine A.
Pages
795-801
Year
Issue
3
Volume
46
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Home Range 6.8 km^2 Female Adult 4 Santa Cruz to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets Residents 2.3 SD

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.24 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Adult 60 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.03 SE

Eastern Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. columbianum)

Citation:

The sexual strategy of the central long-toed salamander, Ambystoma macrodactylum columbianum, in south-eastern Washington

Author(s)
Verrel, Paul and Janet Pelton
Pages
37-50
Year
Volume
240
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/female Female Adult 11 Palouse grasslands, Pullman Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata formerly Clemmys marmorata)

Citation:

Habits and home range of the Pacific pond turtle, Clemmys marmorata, in a stream community

Author(s)
Bury, Richard Bruce
Pages
205
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 248 "distance between extremes" or maximum range on a linear scale m Female Adult 23 Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity

Desert Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana ssp. stejnegeri)

Citation:

Population structure and reproduction in the lizard Uta stansburiana stejnegeri

Author(s)
Tinkle, Donald W.
Pages
206-234
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 4 eggs/female Female Adult Not Reported Palo Duro Canyon, Armstrong County (elev., 2000-3600 ft); Kermit , Winkler County and Monahans, Ward County (elev., 2800 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets

Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum)

Citation:

Life history patterns of the salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum in the high Cascade mountains of southern Oregon

Author(s)
Kezer, James and Donald S. Farner
Pages
127-131
Year
Volume
1955
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - July time of laying Female Adult Not Reported Crater Lake, Munson Oxbow Pond, Aant Point Pond, Whitehorse Bluff ponds and Lake West Exposure Factor Datasets

California Striped Racer (Masticophis lateralis ssp. lateralis)

Citation:

Reproduction and food of some California snakes

Author(s)
Cunningham, John D.
Pages
17-19
Year
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/female Female Adult 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles, Riverside
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