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Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
BORON COMPOUNDS BI-89: 0.408, WM-89: 0.395, WM-91: 0.859, SW-91: 1.29 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (2,4'-) 4.8 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 9 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DIELDRIN 0.02 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 2 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 1997: 0.53, 1998: 1.12 µg/g ww Stomach concentration Both Adults and Juveniles 1997: 4, 1998: 6 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 4.78, reference: 4.56 g Kidney weight Both Adults and Juveniles LCRS: 6, Reference: 5 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS 2002: 0.170, 2003: 0.646, 2004: 0.626 g Spleen weight Not Reported Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB 1982: 3.32, 1989: 1.23, 1990: 5.38 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 1982: 10, 1989: 5, 1990: 5 Bair Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
BARIUM (elemental) BI-89: 0.259, WM-89: 0.351, SW-91: 0.823 µg/g ww Egg concentration Not Reported Embryo 5 Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (2,4'-) 0.16 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 6 Blackfoot Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.03 ppm ww Egg concentration Embryo 1 Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Lab
6 Mean days to death B Not Reported 10 USDA National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
TRICLOPYR No effect Survival NR Tadpole 45 Eggs from Olympia, WA Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE 0.417 % mortality NR Tadpole 24 San Francisco State University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
ZINC SULFATE 844 [760-929 (95 % CI)] µg/L LC50 NR Tadpole 80 Colorado Division of Wildlife Aquatic Toxicity Laboratory, Ft. Collins, CO Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE 2.4 [2.3-4.0 (95 % CI)] LC90 NR Embryo 240 University of Pittsburgh Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
HEPTACHLOR 2.3 ± 2.0 ng/g Accumulation in eggs from spiked nest material NR Embryo 10 Texas Tech University, Lubbock Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
SELENIUM (elemental) 502 ± 46.9 ppb Blood concentration of live-captured 29 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
CHROMIUM (elemental) 161 ± 46.0 ppb Skin concentration, dead-captured 20 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE 1038 mg/kg [332-2360 (95% CI)] LD50 F Adult 30 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
2-AMINO-4,6-DINITROTOLUENE See citation Histopathology M Adult 42 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
LEAD ACETATE Decreased Testes weight M Both Adults and Juveniles 42 US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
2,4-DINITROTOLUENE See citation Testosterone concentation M Adult 60 US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
COPPER (elemental) Increased Liver concentration Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE 15-30 m Sedation set-in, mild-moderate B Adult 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
METHYLMERCURY 0.15 µg/g [0.05-0.31 (95% CI)] Embryonic LD50 Embryo 63 Patuxent Wildlife Research Center Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) 132 ng/g ww (53.8-466) Egg concentration 18 Crab Bank Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 0.404 µg/g (0.335-0.840) Egg concentration Embryo 9 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 9.04 µg/g [4.25-19.2 (95% CI)] Breast feather concentration NR Not Reported 26 San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets Alameda USA Laboratory
AROCLOR 1268 28 ppm ± 19 Hatchling concentration Hatchling 15 Blythe Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
CIS-NONACHLOR 0.009 µg/g ww Embryo concentration NR Embryo 20 Piyas Lake, SD & Marsh Lake, MN Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
OXYCHLORDANE 0.044 µg/g ww Embryo concentration NR Embryo 10 Cat Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE 5.7 mm ± 0.8 Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 8 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDE (4,4'-) 0.230 µg/g fw Egg concentration Embryo 4 Naval Air Base Coronado Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
PBDE MIXTURE 5420 ng/g lw Egg concentration Embryo 5 San Francisco bay sites Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (2,4'-) 0.0092 mg/kg Egg concentration Embryo 60 NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PCB Big city: 53.4, coastal: 62.2, rural: 32.4, other: 52.9, total: 49.6 µg/g lw Egg concentration Embryo Big city: 10, coastal: 18, rural: 13, other: 11, total: 52 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) 9 ppb dw ± 3 Egg concentration Embryo 2 Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CADMIUM (elemental) B850 site: 2.3, WOP vale site: 1.1 Liver concentration M Yearling 7 Altamont hills Toxicity Factor Datasets San Joaquin USA
CIPROFLAXACIN 3.09 hr Elimination half-life NR Not Reported 20 The Marine Mammal Center Toxicity Factor Datasets Marin USA
PCB 5449 ng/g lw Premature fetus concentration B Embryo 9 Coastal sites Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ESTRADIOL BENZOATE See citation Reproductive interactions and success B Adult 43200 National Wildlife Research Center, Millville Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ENDOSULFAN 0.0 ng/g lw Blood concentration B Juvenile 6 3 sites in eastern AK Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN, BUTYL Tributyltin: 260 ng/g ww Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 15 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN, PHENYL Triphenyltin: <0.10 ng/g ww Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN COMPOUNDS Total organotins: 120 ng/g ww Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 4 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
LEAD (elemental) 0.03 µg/g dw, 0.006 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CIS-NONACHLOR Not detected Egg concentration Embryo Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 11.12, reference site: 3.13 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Adult LCRS: 6, reference: 3 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 2002: 1.65, 2003: 1.90, 2004: 1.47 µg/g ww Kidney concentration NR Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Lahontan Reservoir Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE MS-90: 0.0160, BI-82: not detected, BI-89: 0.0170, BI-90: 0.0242, WM-89: 0.0151, WM-90: 0.0132, WM-91: 0.0146, SW-91: 0.0110 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo BI-82: 10, others: 5 MS: Mallard Slough, Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC ACID (PFSA) 256 ng/g ww Liver concentration NR Not Reported 2 Naples Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY (elemental) Increased Breast muscle concentration NR Nestling 0.16 µg/g fw group: 5, 0.39 µg/g fw group: 7 Wild collected eggs from Pinkey Castle Island, Charleston Harbor Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
HEXACHLOROBENZENE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CHROMIUM (elemental) Trace Feather concentration NR Adult 36 Clear Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets Lake USA
LEAD (elemental) See citation Figure 3 Delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity NR Not Reported 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
6.5 Mean days to death B Not Reported 10 USDA National Wildlife Research Center, Fort Collins, CO Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
CHLORPYRIFOS Decreased Survival NR Tadpole 60 University of Pittsburgh Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
GLYPHOSATE 0.625 % mortality NR Tadpole 24 San Francisco State University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
ZINC SULFATE 755 µg/L LC50 NR Tadpole 80 Colorado Division of Wildlife Aquatic Toxicity Laboratory, Ft. Collins, CO Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
OXYTETRACYCLINE HCL 0.77 (0.08 SE) Mean mass after 11 w exp (units NR) NR Juvenile 10 USGS Midcontinent Ecological Science Center, Ft. Collins, CO Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
ALDRIN 5.5 ± 6.6 ng/g Accumulation in eggs from spiked nest material NR Embryo 10 Texas Tech University, Lubbock Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
ARSENIC (elemental) 156 ± 27.3 ppb Liver concentration, dead-captured 17 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 41.5 ± 7.1 ppb Skin concentration, dead-captured 20 Pine Barrens Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE 1579 mg/kg [593-3356 (95% CI)] LD50 M Adult 30 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
2-AMINO-4,6-DINITROTOLUENE No effect Hematological chemistry M Adult 42 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
LEAD ACETATE No effect Brain weight M Both Adults and Juveniles 42 US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
2,4-DINITROTOLUENE Increased Hanging, arched posture, dark coloration M Adult 60 US Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
COPPER (elemental) No effect Blood concentration Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
HYDROMORPHONE HYDROCHLORIDE 112.1 mg/mL at 5 m post dose Plasma concentration B Adult 12 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE 254, 533, 118 ng/g Liver concentration Not Reported 3 Various USA locations Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXANE 1.05 ng/g ww (0.542-3.42) Egg concentration 18 Crab Bank Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 0.62 µg/g (0.20-3.40) Egg concentration Embryo 7 Salton Sea Toxicity Factor Datasets Imperial USA Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0.57 µg/g [0.15-2.70 (95% CI)] Egg concentration NR Embryo 13 San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets Alameda USA Laboratory
AROCLOR 1268 222 ppm ± 213 Hatchling concentration Hatchling 16 LCP Superfund site, Brunswick Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
OXYCHLORDANE 0.013 µg/g ww Embryo concentration NR Embryo 20 Piyas Lake, SD & Marsh Lake, MN Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
HEXACHLOROBENZENE 0.008 µg/g ww Embryo concentration NR Embryo 10 Cat Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
VECURONIUM BROMIDE, ATROPINE, PHENYLEPHRINE 6.2 mm ± 0.4 Peak pupil diameter NR Nestling 9 Ozello Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DIELDRIN Not detected Egg concentration Embryo 4 Naval Air Base Coronado Toxicity Factor Datasets San Diego USA
PCB 34800 ng/g lw Egg concentration Embryo 5 San Francisco bay sites Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
DDD (4,4'-) 0.024 mg/kg Egg concentration Embryo 60 NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PBDE MIXTURE 21.6 µg/g lw Chick concentration Chick 7 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
CHROMIUM (elemental) 1650 ppb dw ± 402 Egg concentration Embryo 2 Agassiz National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MANGANESE COMPOUNDS B850 site: 1.0, WOP vale site: 0.9 Leg muscle concentration M Yearling 7 Altamont hills Toxicity Factor Datasets San Joaquin USA
CIPROFLAXACIN 1.21 µg/mL Peak concentration NR Not Reported 20 The Marine Mammal Center Toxicity Factor Datasets Marin USA
DDT (4,4'-) 22738 ng/g lw Late-term fetus concentration B Embryo 11 Coastal sites Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
424 mg/kg LD50 B Adult 16 USDA, Fort Collins Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ENDOSULFAN 7.2 ng/g lw Blood concentration F Adult 18 3 sites in eastern AK Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN, BUTYL Total butyltins: 680 ng/g ww Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 15 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN, OCTYL Total phenyltins: 0.98 Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TIN COMPOUNDS Total tin: 0.41 ng/g ww Liver concentration B Both Adults and Juveniles 4 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY (elemental) <0.005-0.30 µg/g dw, <0.001-0.05 ww Plasma concentration NR 9 Big Bend, Citrus County Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
ENDRIN Not detected Egg concentration Embryo Minidoka National Wildlife Refuge Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY COMPOUNDS LCRS: 2.74, reference site: 0.40 µg/g ww Kidney concentration Nestling LCRS: 6, reference: 7 LCRS: Carson Lake & Lahontan Reservoir; Reference site: Ruby Lake & Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
METHYLMERCURY 2002: 0.52, 2003: 0.57, 2004: 0.50 µg/g ww Kidney concentration NR Nestling 2002: 9, 2003: 7, 2004: 5 Humboldt River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
TRANS-NONACHLOR MS-90: 0.0744, BI-82: 0.151, BI-89: 0.0290, BI-90: 0.166, WM-89: 0.0657, WM-90: 0.0677, WM-91: 0.0352, SW-91: 0.366 µg/g ww Egg concentration NR Embryo BI-82: 10, others: 5 MS: Mallard Slough, Bair Island, WM: West Marin Island, SW: South Wilbur Flood Area Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
PERFLUOROOCTANESULFONIC ACID (PFSA) 43 ng/g ww Liver concentration NR Not Reported 1 Bonita Springs Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
MERCURY (elemental) Increased Liver concentration NR Nestling 0.16 µg/g fw group: 5, 0.39 µg/g fw group: 7 Wild collected eggs from Pinkey Castle Island, Charleston Harbor Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
OXYCHLORDANE Not detected Brain concentration NR Nestling 10 Mangrove estuary, west coast of Everglades National Park Toxicity Factor Datasets USA
IRON (elemental) 588 µg/g Feather concentration NR Adult 36 Clear Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets Lake USA
LEAD (elemental) See citation Figure 3 Erythrocyte protoporphryin activity NR Not Reported 8 Toxicity Factor Datasets USA

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