Mammals
Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 18 | d | Not Reported | Juvenile | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
Growth Rate | see citation | figure of body weight at various ages (0 - 60 d) with calculated instantaneous growth rates | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Sept. - Mar. or Apr. | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Inyo |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Arthropod (8.2), Taraxacum officinale (7.7), Lamium amplexicaule (6.5), Capsella bursa-pastoris (4.6), Phleum pratense (3.3), Dactylis glomerata (2.4), Festuca arundinacea (2.0), Trifolium stoloniferum (1.9), Animal material (1.9), Bromus tectorum (1.8), Tridens flavus (1.7), Setaria faberi (1.6), Miscellaneous (1.1), Setaria viridis (0.4). | mean # food items in stomach contents | # | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 63 | Southwest Missouri State University Agricultural Station | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | ARTHROPODS (84-89% total) - Lepidoptera larvae (11-14); Coleoptera (4-11); June Beetles (54-75); Jerusalum crickets (0-13); Ants (0-1); Orthoptera (1-4); Spiders (1); Lygaeid bugs (0-1); Scorpions (0-1); Solfugids (0-1); Diptera (2-4); GREEN VEGETATION (0% total); SEEDS (11-16% total). | % weight of prey in fecal pellets; range of mean values over 2 yrs | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 25-31 | Mono Lake (elev. 2000m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mono |
Dietary Composition | ARTHROPODS (72-90% total) - Lepidoptera larvae (5-11); Coleoptera (7-8); June Beetles (0-3); Jerusalum crickets (0-19); Ants (0); Orthoptera (1); Spiders (1-2); Lygaeid bugs (56-83); Scorpions (0); Solfugids (0-1); Diptera (0-1); GREEN VEGETATION (0-3% total);SEEDS (10-25% total). | % weight of prey in fecal pellets; range of mean values over 2 yrs | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 20-24 | Mono Lake (elev., 2000m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mono |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | arthropods (63.2-100%); seeds (0-21.3%); berries (0-2.8%); chlorophyllous plant matter (0-1.0%); achlorophyllous plant matter (0-0.1%); fungi (0-12.0%) | % total volume of stomach contents;Range for 2 yrs | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 8-38/yr | burned forest, Manitouwadge, Ontario [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 85^o50'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Dietary Composition | arthropods (53.4 %); fungi (9.5%); seeds (22.1%); berries (7.4%); chlorophyllous plant matter (3.0%); achlorophyllous plant matter (4.7%) | % total volume of stomach contents. | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 180 | uncut and selectively cut forest, Manitouwadge, Ontario [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 85^o50'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Condition | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 34.6 | g | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 47 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Calaveras | 0.23 | ||||
Body Fat (total or %) | 100% | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 23 | Blue Lake, 75 long., 95 lat. |
Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 years | Alpine | Breeding | 0 | |
Body Fat (total or %) | 12.7 | % | Both Adults and Juveniles | 47 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.45 | ||||||
Age at Sexual Maturity | 17 | years | Both Male and Female | Adult | 23 | Blue Lake, 75 long., 95 lat. |
Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 years | Alpine | 0 | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of mean body weights measured over 3 years | g | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 144-164 | Rabbit Ears Pass, subalpine meadows (elev., 3020 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density | range of mean densities measured over 3 years | #/acre | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Rabbit Ears Pass, subalpine meadows (3020 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 0.12 | acres | Female | Juvenile | 12 | Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Population Density | range of means for 4 trapping periods | #/acre | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 4 trapping periods | Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutches or Litters per year | 4 | litters/yr | Female | Adult | 110 litters | Taylor, Williamson County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | range of monthly estimates | #/ha | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of monthly means at control sites | g | Male | Adult | 1-21/mo | University of British Columbia | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | range of mean oxygen consumption from 3 sites | ml O2/animal/h | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 21-26 | captured at Milk River, Alberta [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 111^o45'W] and Sydney, British Columbia, Canada [lat., 48^o43'N; long., 123^o20'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 14.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 51 | Jefferson and Douglas counties | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.6 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of means over 3 yrs in 2 habitat types | g | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Santa Barbara Island [lat.,33^o29' N, long., 119^o02' W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 0.63 | acres | Male | Adult | 70 | Edwin S. George Reserve, University of Michigan | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.4 |
Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water Ingestion Rate | 0.218 | rate of fresh water consumption; body weight range = 8.3-11.5g | cc/g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 | captured in Contra Costa County, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
California Vole (Microtus californicus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Richmond Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa | breeding |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Fat (total or %) | 0.45 | g/g lean dry mass | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||||
Clutches or Litters per year | 0.3 | litters per female per 12 wks | litters/12 wks | Female | Adult | 12 | Exposure Factor Datasets | subadult (4 wks) | 0.2 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | change in body weight; instantaneous rate based on Brody 1945 | %/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Richmond field station; Russell Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | subadult | Contra Costa |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 485 | metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate | cal/g/d | Not Reported | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 28 d or older | 16 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | range of means for 2 yrs | young/litter | Female | Adult | 11/yr | Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | range of mean minimum survival rates per 14 d | Male | Juvenile | 2 periods of weekly sampling | Tilden Regional Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | "subadults" (26-39 g) |
Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutches or Litters per year | >2 | litters/yr | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - May | time of breeding | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Berkeley Hills | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.5 | young/litter | Female | Adult | 11 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | insects (1.3%), Hermann's kangaroo rat (19.6%), California vole (31.5%), deer mouse (14.4%), California ground squirrel (24.4%), Audubon's cottontail (12.0%), unident. plant material (0.7%) | relative composition of prey remains in scat | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 25 scats | Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Merced |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Jerusalem crickets (1%), unident. reptiles (1%), unident. birds (1%), rabbits (5%), California ground squirrel (62%), pocket mice (5%), western harvest mice (10%), Peromyscus sp. (11%) | percent volume of total prey items in scat | % | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 10 scats | Bethany Reservoir | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda |
Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 1.9 | calculated with Minimum Area Method | km2 | Female | Adult | 4 | Pine Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.2 SD |
Fresno Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides ssp. exilis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 2 | young/litter | Female | Adult | Not Reported | adults captured near Fresno | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.854 | total weekly consumption rate of a seed diet (see dietary composition dataset) | g/g/wk | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 30-60 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | Range of mean body weights for weanlings from varying litter sizes (2-9) | g | Both Male and Female | Weanling | 3 - 125 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 23 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.552 | daily food ingestion at an ambient temperature of 21C | cal/g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 24.4 | g | Female | Adult | 42 | Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories | Exposure Factor Datasets | Lactating | 0.4 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9.91 | g | Both Male and Female | Weanling | 151 | adults captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.10 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | #/litter | Female | Adult | 8 | captured in Lethbridge, Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.24 | mean dry stomach content mass | g | Male | Adult | 121 | Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Siskiyou | 0.02 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 19.1 | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 29 | collected near Berkeley, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.13 SE | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 2.1 | g | Male | Neonate | 33 | captured in Nebraska | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 d | 0.1 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | MR = 9.401 - 0.254T | equation relating metabolic rate (MR, cc O2/g/hr) to ambient temperature (0-27C) | cc O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | proportion remaining on grid over 2 wk intervals | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5-71/group | Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles County [lat., 37^010'N; long., 80^o30' W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 5.06 | potential litter size estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites | #/litter | Female | Adult | 72 | White Mountain (elev., 9,800 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mono | 0.16 SE |
Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. arizonae)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Aug. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | 101 | Phoenix | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Riparian Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. riparius)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | review | reported home range for males was 957m2 for males and 244 m2 for females (from unpublished reports) | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Caswell Memorial State Park | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 1+ | maturity based on amount of sperm in epididymides | yr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | range of mean minimal metabolic rates at 20C | cc O2/g/hr | Both Male and Female | Adult | 9-22/season | captured at Suisun and San Pablo Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Foraging Distance | 3 | max. distance travelled from roost during foraging | km | Not Reported | Adult | 150 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | MEXICO |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Migration or Dispersal | August | juvenile dispersal | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Camp Verde, Yavapai County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 1.8 | young | Female | Adult | 28 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo |
Coyote (Canis latrans)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Hatching or Parturition | Apr. - May | Female | Adult | 10 litters | Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | 0.87 | mean annual survival rate | Both Male and Female | Adult | 52 | Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Trinidad (elev., 1310-1740 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | > 2yrs |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | mule deer (8.7%); cattle (4.4%); sheep (17.4%); coyote (8.7%); Microtus sp. (56.5%); Eutamias (13%); Thomomys sp. (8.7%); Marmota flaviventris (4.4%); Citellus beldingi (4.4%); Erethizon dorsatum (8.7%); song birds (21.7%); grasshoppers (13.0%); other insects (34.8%); pine and fir needles (30.4%); grass (56.5%); other vegetable matter (13.2%) | % of scats containing food item | % | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 23 scats | Sagehen Creek Field Station, Truckee | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | snowshoe hare (31.7%); white-tailed deer (24.5%); plants (20.4%); small mammals (14.3%); non-edibles (13.2%); large birds (6.0%); porcupine (4.9%); Canis spp. (2.6%); carrion (1.9%); small birds (1.9%); apple (1.9%); human garbage (1.5%); moose (1.5%); feces (1.1); sheep (1.1%); cattle (0.8%) | % frequency of occurrence of items identified from stomach contents | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 265 | New Brunswick and Nova Scotia | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Scapanus latimanus (3%); Spermophilus beechyi (24%); Thomomys bottae (64%); Reithrodontomys megalotis (4%); Peromyscus sp. (19%); Neotoma spp. (4%); Microtus californicus (32%); Odocoileus hemionus (41%); birds (6%); reptiles (12%); arthropods (47%); vegetation (33%) | % occurrence of major food items (>1%) in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 223 scats | East Mesa, Cuyamaca Rancho State Park (elev., 1525 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Diego |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 29.3 | estimated by modified minimum area method | km2 | Female | Adult | 4 | Idaho National Engineering Laboratory | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.4 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Apr. | breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9.9 | kg | Female | Pup | 13 | Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | <1yr | Kern | 0.4 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | voles (40.8%); deer mice (2.4%); other rodents (14.1%); deer (24.4%); pronghorn (1.8%); other ungulates (7.3%); lagomorphs (2.4%); other mammals (7.4%); birds and eggs (19.5%); reptiles and amphibians (6.1%); seeds and fruit (30.5%); insects (30.5%); unknown (1.8%) | % frequency of occurrence in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 164 | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Migration or Dispersal | Oct. | dispersal | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Rochester, Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Mammals: Spermophilus beecheyi (57%); Microtus californicus (19%); Peromyscus maniculatus and Reithrodontomys megalotis (29%); Lepus californicus (29%); Thomomys bottae (19%); Birds (5%); Insects (10%); Seeds and berries (10%); Herbaceous vegetation (14%) | % of scats containing each prey item | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 21 | Concord Naval Weapons Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - Aug. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 25 | average distance traveled from den in one night | rods | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Ames | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 6.5 | placental scars | Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1-1.5 years | 0.65 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Fruit 26.7; mammals 19.6; insects 6.8; grasses, leaves, buds 10.8; Carrion 13.5; grains, nuts 11.3; garbage 6.8; earthworms 0.9; birds 1.9; reptiles, amphibians 1.4; crustaceans 0.3; mollusks trace | % by bulk; stomach analysis | % | 1067 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 1970 | home range, as indexed by greatest distance between captures | m | Female | Adult | 30 females | Tofield 15 deg.N,112 deg. W east central Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | 170 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 10 | months | Female | Adult | 1 female | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 4.4 | lb | Female | Adult | 82 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.2 |
Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 6.8 | km^2 | Female | Adult | 4 | Santa Cruz to San Luis Obispo | Exposure Factor Datasets | Residents | 2.3 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 44 | Home range for non-territorial males | ha | Male | Adult | 7 | Monterey | Exposure Factor Datasets | Monterey | 13.36 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | sea urchins (47.8-70.2%), mussels (0.4-3.1%), sea stars (0.5-0.8%), crabs (1.4-5.2%), clams (0.4-1.8%), octopus (0.0-0.9%), anemone (0.0-0.2%), algal holdfasts (0.0-2.6%), fish (0.0-12.3%), fish eggs (0.0-0.9%), chitons (0.2-0.8%), coralline algae (0.0-0.2%), unknown (14.6-26.7%), unsuccessful (3.4-7.1%) | percentage (ranges) of total dives that resulted in capture of different prey items at three locations | Not Reported | Not Reported | 425-584 dives/location | Amchitka and Attu (Aleutian Islands), and Blanco Reef, OR | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | annual mortality over two years estimated from carcass searches on beaches | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 1 population (1076 otters) | Amchitka Island | Exposure Factor Datasets |
California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 7.59 | kg | Female | Pup | 7 | San Nicolas Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 5 d | 0.289 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 4.2 | initial defecation time | hours | Both Male and Female | Adult | 3 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1-2 years old | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 32.2 | kg | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 6 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.6 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9 | kg | Not Reported | Neonate | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Territory Size | 130 | m2 | Male | Adult | 24-25 males | San Nicolas Island, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding |
San Joaquin Antelope Squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 10.81 | minimum convex polygon estimate, corrected for sample size bias, based on radiotelemetry and mark-release trapping | ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 15 | Elkhorn Plain Ecological Reserve | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo | 12.53 SD |
California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 589 | g | Female | Adult | 41 | University of California, Santa Cruz Campus ( elev., 120 m) [lat., 37^0W; long., 122^oW] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz | pregnant |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 592 | g | Female | Adult | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Molt | April; June; July | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | see citation | list of mean % of 25 items in monthly diets, based on stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 12-40/mo | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets | Madera |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 373 | referred to as "young females" | g | Female | Juvenile | 115 | Davis and Dixon | Exposure Factor Datasets | Solano, Yolo | 150.5 |
Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | g | Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Simon Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 39.6 | g | Female | Not Reported | 11 | captured at Boulder City, NV | Exposure Factor Datasets | 7.1 SD | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 64 | youngest age of female conceiving | d | Female | Adult | 51 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 32.6 | g | Female | Adult | 154 | Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Inyo | 4.1 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | see citation | figure of logistic growth curve for changes in body weight over time | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 - 12 mo |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 50.0 | median lifetime distance moved from home range center (from first to last capture) | m | Female | Adult | 16 | Portal | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of seasonal body weights | g | Male | Adult | 644 | Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000 - 4500 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Grasses: Oryzopsis hymenoides (18.0%); Hilaria rigida (13.7%); Tridens pulchella (3.3%); Bromus rubens (4.7%); Annual forbs: Plantago insularis (16.6%); Eriogonum spp. (14.3%); Phacelia spp. (6.8%); Vegetative plant parts: Phacelia spp. (6.0%); Erodium circutarium (3.2%); Misc. (8.4%) | % volume in cheek pouches of major (>2%) food items | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 54 | Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 30 | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 16 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 22 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 62.30 | g | Female | Adult | 5 | captured 3 days prior at Lake Mathews, Riverside County, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.40 SD | Laboratory |