Mammals
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 14.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 51 | Jefferson and Douglas counties | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.6 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of means over 3 yrs in 2 habitat types | g | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Santa Barbara Island [lat.,33^o29' N, long., 119^o02' W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | ARTHROPODS (72-90% total) - Lepidoptera larvae (5-11); Coleoptera (7-8); June Beetles (0-3); Jerusalum crickets (0-19); Ants (0); Orthoptera (1); Spiders (1-2); Lygaeid bugs (56-83); Scorpions (0); Solfugids (0-1); Diptera (0-1); GREEN VEGETATION (0-3% total);SEEDS (10-25% total). | % weight of prey in fecal pellets; range of mean values over 2 yrs | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 20-24 | Mono Lake (elev., 2000m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mono |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | arthropods (53.4 %); fungi (9.5%); seeds (22.1%); berries (7.4%); chlorophyllous plant matter (3.0%); achlorophyllous plant matter (4.7%) | % total volume of stomach contents. | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 180 | uncut and selectively cut forest, Manitouwadge, Ontario [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 85^o50'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Fat (total or %) | 12.7 | % | Both Adults and Juveniles | 47 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.45 | |||||
Age at Sexual Maturity | 17 | years | Both Male and Female | Adult | 23 | Blue Lake, 75 long., 95 lat. |
Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 years | Alpine | 0 | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | range of mean densities measured over 3 years | #/acre | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Rabbit Ears Pass, subalpine meadows (3020 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | range of means for 4 trapping periods | #/acre | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 4 trapping periods | Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 0.63 | acres | Male | Adult | 70 | Edwin S. George Reserve, University of Michigan | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.4 |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | range of monthly estimates | #/ha | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of monthly means at sites with excess artificial food (whole oats), includes pregnant animals | g | Female | Adult | 5-26/mo | University of British Columbia | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of means from 3 sites | g | Female | Adult | 18-29 | captured at Milk River, Alberta [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 111^o45'W] and Sydney, British Columbia, Canada [lat., 48^o43'N; long., 123^o20'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | at parturition | Laboratory |
Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water Ingestion Rate | 0.218 | rate of fresh water consumption; body weight range = 8.3-11.5g | cc/g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 | captured in Contra Costa County, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.245 | daily rate of consumption of Diablo animal chow (dry pellets) | g/g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 | captured in Contra Costa County, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
California Vole (Microtus californicus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Richmond Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa | breeding | |
Body Weight - Mean | > 45 | g | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Richmond Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa | breeding |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Fat (total or %) | 0.45 | g/g lean dry mass | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||||
Clutches or Litters per year | 0.3 | litters per female per 12 wks | litters/12 wks | Female | Adult | 12 | Exposure Factor Datasets | subadult (4 wks) | 0.2 SE | Laboratory | |
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.3 | young/litter | Female | Adult | 12 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.4 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | change in body weight; instantaneous rate based on Brody 1945 | %/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Richmond field station; Russell Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | subadult | Contra Costa |
Growth Rate | change in body weight; instantaneous rated based on Brody 1945 | %/d | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Richmond field station; Russell Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 485 | metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate | cal/g/d | Not Reported | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 28 d or older | 16 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | range of means for 2 yrs | young/litter | Female | Adult | 11/yr | Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | range of mean minimum survival rates per 14 d | Male | Juvenile | 2 periods of weekly sampling | Tilden Regional Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | "subadults" (26-39 g) |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | .574 | minimum survival rate per 2 wks | Male | Adult | 8 breeding seasons (6 populations pooled) | Berkeley | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding season |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 25.8 | median weight at sexual maturity | g | Male | Adult | 33 | Sea Ranch | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sonoma |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inhalation Rate | 297 (10C); 238 (20C); 137 (30C) | inhalation rates at ambient temperatures (10-30C) | ml/min | Not Reported | Not Reported | 6/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutches or Litters per year | >2 | litters/yr | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - May | time of breeding | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Berkeley Hills | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.5 | young/litter | Female | Adult | 11 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | insects (1.3%), Hermann's kangaroo rat (19.6%), California vole (31.5%), deer mouse (14.4%), California ground squirrel (24.4%), Audubon's cottontail (12.0%), unident. plant material (0.7%) | relative composition of prey remains in scat | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 25 scats | Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Merced |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Jerusalem crickets (1%), unident. reptiles (1%), unident. birds (1%), rabbits (5%), California ground squirrel (62%), pocket mice (5%), western harvest mice (10%), Peromyscus sp. (11%) | percent volume of total prey items in scat | % | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 10 scats | Bethany Reservoir | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda |
Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 1.9 | calculated with Minimum Area Method | km2 | Female | Adult | 4 | Pine Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.2 SD |
Fresno Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides ssp. exilis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 2 | young/litter | Female | Adult | Not Reported | adults captured near Fresno | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.854 | total weekly consumption rate of a seed diet (see dietary composition dataset) | g/g/wk | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 30-60 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | Range of mean body weights for weanlings from varying litter sizes (2-9) | g | Both Male and Female | Weanling | 3 - 125 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 23 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.552 | daily food ingestion at an ambient temperature of 21C | cal/g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 24.4 | g | Female | Adult | 42 | Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories | Exposure Factor Datasets | Lactating | 0.4 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9.91 | g | Both Male and Female | Weanling | 151 | adults captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.10 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | #/litter | Female | Adult | 8 | captured in Lethbridge, Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | 0.24 | mean dry stomach content mass | g | Male | Adult | 121 | Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Siskiyou | 0.02 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 19.1 | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 29 | collected near Berkeley, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.13 SE | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 2.1 | g | Male | Neonate | 33 | captured in Nebraska | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 d | 0.1 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | MR = 9.401 - 0.254T | equation relating metabolic rate (MR, cc O2/g/hr) to ambient temperature (0-27C) | cc O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | proportion remaining on grid over 2 wk intervals | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5-71/group | Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles County [lat., 37^010'N; long., 80^o30' W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 5.06 | potential litter size estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites | #/litter | Female | Adult | 72 | White Mountain (elev., 9,800 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mono | 0.16 SE |
Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. arizonae)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Aug. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | 101 | Phoenix | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Riparian Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. riparius)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | review | reported home range for males was 957m2 for males and 244 m2 for females (from unpublished reports) | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Caswell Memorial State Park | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 1+ | maturity based on amount of sperm in epididymides | yr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of mean weights during 3 seasons | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 9-22/season | captured at Suisun and San Pablo Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Broad-footed Mole (Scapanus latimanus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Food Ingestion Rate | see citation | figure of % dog food or earthworms ingested/body weight over 20 d | Not Reported | Not Reported | 4 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | #/litter | Female | Adult | 40 bats | Napa, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Hatching or Parturition | late May through June | time of parturition through time when young begin to fly | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Camp Verde, Yavapai County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 9 | estimation based on observations in wild and captive bats | wks | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Inhalation Rate | breathing rate of active animals at 25 C | breaths/min | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | 50 mi. NE of Berkeley (capture location) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Coyote (Canis latrans)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 5.4 | estimated by placental scars, number of foeti and 2 litters | young/litter | Female | Adult | 20 | Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | 1.8 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | leporids (66.5%); rodents (21.5%); livestock (17.8%); coyote (2.1%); birds (17.8%); reptiles (5.4%); insects (18.6%); fruit (4.5%); other (2.1%); refuse (5.8%) | % frequency of occurrence in stomach contents estimated over 6 yrs | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 242 | Naval Petroleum Reserves, Bakersfield (elev., 88-473m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | mule deer (35.2%); cattle (11.5%); sheep (3.7%); coyote (2.9%); Microtus sp. (47.7%); Thomomys sp. (6.8%); Lepus americanus (4.4%); Marmota flaviventris (3.9%); Citellus lateralis (3.9%); Erethizon dorsatum (3.7%); song birds (3.7%); other insects (4.7%); pine and fir needles (19%); grass (17.6%); other vegetable matter (8.7%) | % of scats containing food item | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 384 scats | Sagehen Creek Field Station, Truckee | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | mesquite pods (39%); prickly pear fruit (21%); other plants(35%); rodent (27%); lagomorph (20%); mule deer (9%); other mammals (4%); dog food or human-related (trace); misc. (16%) | annual % occurrence of prey items identified in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 449 scats | rural area near Saguaro National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | rodents (36%); ungulates (26%); lagomorphs (23%); insectivores (2%); other mammals (1%); unidentified mammals (13%); birds (8%); reptiles (2%); insects (3%); fruit (38%); grass (13%); human refuse (1%) | annual % frequency of occurrence in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 844 | Willamette National Forest, Lane County (elev., 500-1500 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | 0.42 | overall annual survival rate (autumn-autumn), estimated over 3 yr periods | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 38 | Webb County | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.5 - 1.5 yr | 0.24 - 0.60 (95% CL) |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Apr. | breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9.9 | kg | Female | Pup | 13 | Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | <1yr | Kern | 0.4 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | voles (40.8%); deer mice (2.4%); other rodents (14.1%); deer (24.4%); pronghorn (1.8%); other ungulates (7.3%); lagomorphs (2.4%); other mammals (7.4%); birds and eggs (19.5%); reptiles and amphibians (6.1%); seeds and fruit (30.5%); insects (30.5%); unknown (1.8%) | % frequency of occurrence in scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 164 | National Bison Range (elev., 696-1361 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Migration or Dispersal | Oct. | dispersal | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Rochester, Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Mammals: Spermophilus beecheyi (57%); Microtus californicus (19%); Peromyscus maniculatus and Reithrodontomys megalotis (29%); Lepus californicus (29%); Thomomys bottae (19%); Birds (5%); Insects (10%); Seeds and berries (10%); Herbaceous vegetation (14%) | % of scats containing each prey item | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 21 | Concord Naval Weapons Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - Aug. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 25 | average distance traveled from den in one night | rods | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Ames | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 6.5 | placental scars | Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1-1.5 years | 0.65 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Fruit 26.7; mammals 19.6; insects 6.8; grasses, leaves, buds 10.8; Carrion 13.5; grains, nuts 11.3; garbage 6.8; earthworms 0.9; birds 1.9; reptiles, amphibians 1.4; crustaceans 0.3; mollusks trace | % by bulk; stomach analysis | % | 1067 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 1970 | home range, as indexed by greatest distance between captures | m | Female | Adult | 30 females | Tofield 15 deg.N,112 deg. W east central Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | 170 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 10 | months | Female | Adult | 1 female | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 4.4 | lb | Female | Adult | 82 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.2 |
Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 6.8 | km^2 | Female | Adult | 4 | Santa Cruz to San Luis Obispo | Exposure Factor Datasets | Residents | 2.3 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 44 | Home range for non-territorial males | ha | Male | Adult | 7 | Monterey | Exposure Factor Datasets | Monterey | 13.36 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | sea urchins (47.8-70.2%), mussels (0.4-3.1%), sea stars (0.5-0.8%), crabs (1.4-5.2%), clams (0.4-1.8%), octopus (0.0-0.9%), anemone (0.0-0.2%), algal holdfasts (0.0-2.6%), fish (0.0-12.3%), fish eggs (0.0-0.9%), chitons (0.2-0.8%), coralline algae (0.0-0.2%), unknown (14.6-26.7%), unsuccessful (3.4-7.1%) | percentage (ranges) of total dives that resulted in capture of different prey items at three locations | Not Reported | Not Reported | 425-584 dives/location | Amchitka and Attu (Aleutian Islands), and Blanco Reef, OR | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival/ Mortality | annual mortality over two years estimated from carcass searches on beaches | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 1 population (1076 otters) | Amchitka Island | Exposure Factor Datasets |
California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 7.59 | kg | Female | Pup | 7 | San Nicolas Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 5 d | 0.289 SE |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | 4.2 | initial defecation time | hours | Both Male and Female | Adult | 3 animals | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1-2 years old | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 32.2 | kg | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 6 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.6 SE | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 9 | kg | Not Reported | Neonate | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Territory Size | 130 | m2 | Male | Adult | 24-25 males | San Nicolas Island, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding |
San Joaquin Antelope Squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 10.81 | minimum convex polygon estimate, corrected for sample size bias, based on radiotelemetry and mark-release trapping | ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 15 | Elkhorn Plain Ecological Reserve | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo | 12.53 SD |
California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 589 | g | Female | Adult | 41 | University of California, Santa Cruz Campus ( elev., 120 m) [lat., 37^0W; long., 122^oW] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz | pregnant |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 592 | g | Female | Adult | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Molt | April; June; July | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | see citation | list of mean % of 25 items in monthly diets, based on stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 12-40/mo | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets | Madera |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 373 | referred to as "young females" | g | Female | Juvenile | 115 | Davis and Dixon | Exposure Factor Datasets | Solano, Yolo | 150.5 |
Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | g | Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Simon Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 39.6 | g | Female | Not Reported | 11 | captured at Boulder City, NV | Exposure Factor Datasets | 7.1 SD | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age at Sexual Maturity | 64 | youngest age of female conceiving | d | Female | Adult | 51 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 32.6 | g | Female | Adult | 154 | Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Inyo | 4.1 SD |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | see citation | figure of logistic growth curve for changes in body weight over time | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 - 12 mo |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Home Range | 50.0 | median lifetime distance moved from home range center (from first to last capture) | m | Female | Adult | 16 | Portal | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | range of seasonal body weights | g | Male | Adult | 644 | Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000 - 4500 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Grasses: Oryzopsis hymenoides (18.0%); Hilaria rigida (13.7%); Tridens pulchella (3.3%); Bromus rubens (4.7%); Annual forbs: Plantago insularis (16.6%); Eriogonum spp. (14.3%); Phacelia spp. (6.8%); Vegetative plant parts: Phacelia spp. (6.0%); Erodium circutarium (3.2%); Misc. (8.4%) | % volume in cheek pouches of major (>2%) food items | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 54 | Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 30 | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 16 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 22 d | Laboratory |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 62.30 | g | Female | Adult | 5 | captured 3 days prior at Lake Mathews, Riverside County, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.40 SD | Laboratory |
Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Sept. - Mar. or Apr. | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Inyo |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Growth Rate | see citation | figure of body weight at various ages (0 - 60 d) with calculated instantaneous growth rates | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |