Mammals
California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 5 | longest record of lifespan | yrs | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Hastings Natural History Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | Monterey |
Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 44.1 | mean distance moved from site of initial capture | m | Male | Not Reported | 443 | Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 2.00 | field metabolic rate estimated from doubly labeled water | L CO2/d | Not Reported | Not Reported | 4-9 per mo/15 mo | Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Bernardino | 0.45 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | seeds (75%); leaves (20%); flowers (3%); stems (1%); arthropods (1%) | % by weight of stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 172 | Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Bernardino |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat (total or %) | see citation | figure of seasonal changes in % body fat | % | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Bernardino |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | Jan. - Mar. (begin); Apr. - May (peak); Aug. (end) | Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 155 | cumulative home range diameter for 6-8 mo period | m | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 34 | Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | range in male and female % change in body weight per day following recapture during 4 trapping periods | %/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | "subadult" |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 3.24 | resting metabolism at 5 degrees C, in a natural nest | cc O2/g/h | Not Reported | Not Reported | 6 individuals | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.12 SE | Laboratory |
Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 67.26 | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 14 | Bonsall and San Luis Rey | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Diego |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | range of median maximum distance moved based on monthly live trapping capture data at 2 sites | m | Female | Juvenile | 21-54 | Motte Rock Ecological Reserve [lat., 33^o53'N; long., 117^o6'W] and San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o51'N; long., 116^o54'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 62.2 | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 40 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside |
Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 12.68 - 0.286T | equation for average maintenance metabolism estimated as oxygen consumption (OC) at ambient temperatures (T; <30C). | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | 27 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 7.4 | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 8 | Great Basin Desert, near Reno | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.1 SD |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (4.8); Coleoptera larvae (0.1); Grasshoppers (2.5); Leaf hoppers (7.0); Lepidoptera adults (0.5); Lepidoptera larvae (1.3); Spiders (0.3); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (65.4); Total forbs (4.3) - Kochia scoparia (0.6); Total grasses and sedges (4.8); Total shrubs (2.6). | estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 97 | Pawnee National Grassland | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | Range of weighted means of dry weights of stomach contents; | mg | Female | Adult | 33-116 | Ward and McLean Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gravid or lactating |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.70 | #/litter | Female | Adult | 10 | Pinawa, Manitoba | Exposure Factor Datasets | primiparous | CANADA | 0.54 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 3.21 | average resting metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at 14.45C | ml O2/g/hr | Male | Adult | 4 | animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | 0.10 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - Dec. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | seeds (6-49%); fruit (0-24%); arthropods (27-80%); leaves (0-20%); fungi (0-5%); misc. (0-18%) | volumetric % of stomach contents, range of monthly means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 48-59 | western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 7 | yrs | Male | Adult | 1 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 0.01 | area of subniven runway systems | ha | Female | Adult | 5 | eastern slope, Colorado Rocky Mountains (elev., 3120 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.36 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.3 | pups/litter | Female | Adult | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.36 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 392.0 | m2 | Female | Not Reported | 8 | sagebrush habitat, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | 173.2 - 573.3 (2-sigma) |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.6 | #/litter | Female | Adult | 6 | Cascade Mountains, Fish Lake [lat., 47^o, 49'N; long., 120^o, 40'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.37 SD |
Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | range of average maximum distance between captures for groups recaptured 2-9 times | m | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Pablo salt marsh | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
California Vole (Microtus californicus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 25 | d | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutches or Litters per year | 0.5 | litters per female per 12 wks | litters/12 wks | Female | Adult | 24 | Exposure Factor Datasets | subadult (4 weeks) | 0.2 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.0 | mean; early growing season | pups/litter | Female | Adult | 11 | Russell Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa | 0.8 (95%CI) |
| Survival/ Mortality | see citation | figure of seasonal changes in minimum survival rate | %/28d | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | 1115 | ingested energy; fed bromegrass for 21 d | cal/g/d | Not Reported | 7 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 28 d or older | 35 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | see citation | figure of proportion surviving/wk | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Sea Ranch | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sonoma |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of minimum # alive in 8 areas at 103 weekly intervals | #/ha | Male | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Tilden Regional Park and Richmond Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Grasses, 20 species (0 - 22.2%); Forbs, 16 species (0 - 17.4%); Shrubs, 1 species (0.4 - 1.5%); Cactus, 1 species (0 - 0.1%) | range of % composition of species over 2 yrs; estimated as sum of all fragments per food species from all stomachs divided by sum of fragments from all stomachs | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 18 - 30 | Fort Collins, Larimer County (elev. 1650-2200 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 115 | average radii drawn from computed center of activity to capture points | ft | Male | Adult | 10 | Berkeley Hills | Exposure Factor Datasets | 10 |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 149 | mean range diameter | ft | Female | Adult | 31 | Humboldt Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Humboldt |
Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 2.4 | measured from time of capture to time of last capture or radio-telemetry location | mo | Both Male and Female | Adult | 13 foxes | Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern | 0.7 SE |
San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | growth rate observed in repeatedly trapped pups | lb/month | Both Male and Female | Pup | Not Reported | Buena Vista Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | pups | Female | Adult | 4 foxes | Carrizo Plain Natural Area | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | review | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | see citation | figure of seasonal changes in density | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | University of British Columbia Research Forest | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 2.2 | productive energy in captive animals at 0 C | kcal/animal/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii), Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. neomexicanus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 28 | d | Both Male and Female | Adult | 3 litters | captured in Rago, Kansas | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
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