Birds

Displaying 3066 data points

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Effects of early nutrition on growth rate and adult size in song sparrows Melospiza melodia.

Author(s)

Searcy, W.A., Peters, S. and Nowicki, S.

Issue

3

Volume

35
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Body Weight - Mean	Control diet: 25.7, experimental diet (60% control by vol): 18.9	Peak mass	g	F	Chick	Control: 12, experimental: 8	Nestlings collected from Hartstown	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hand reared	USA	Control: 0.7, experimental: 0.7
Body Weight - Mean	Control diet: 26.4, experimental diet (60% control by vol): 20.3	Peak mass	g	M	Chick	Control: 11, experimental: 16	Nestlings collected from Hartstown	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hand reared	USA	Control: 0.6, experimental: 0.5
Body Weight - Mean	Control diet: 25.5, experimental diet (60% control by vol): 17.9	Mass at end of treatment (18 d)		F	Chick	Control: 12, experimental: 8	Nestlings collected from Hartstown	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hand reared	USA	Control: 0.7, experimental: 0.8
Body Weight - Mean	Control diet: 26.4, experimental diet (60% control by vol): 18.6	Mass at end of treatment (18 d)		M	Chick	Control: 11, experimental: 16	Nestlings collected from Hartstown	Exposure Factor Datasets	Hand reared	USA	Control: 0.6, experimental: 0.4

Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus)

Citation:

Demography of snowy plovers (Charadrius nivosus) on the Missouri River.

Author(s)

Hunt, K.L., Taygan, N., Catlin, D.H., Felio, J.H. and Fraser, J.D.

Issue

2

Volume

36
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Survival/ Mortality	0.978	Modeled daily survival rate		Adult		Lewis and Clark Lake	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.008
Hatching Success	0.5			Embryo	56	Lewis and Clark Lake	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Time of Nesting			B	Adult	11 nests	Lewis and Clark Lake	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Time of Hatching or Parturition			B	Embryo	56 eggs	Lewis and Clark Lake	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Age-related survival and behavior of Snowy Plover chicks.

Author(s)

Colwell, M.A., Hurley, S.J., Hall, J.N. and Dinsmore, S.J.

Issue

3

Volume

109
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	Review	Percent mortality	%	Fledgling		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis	Review		d posthatch	Fledgling		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Status of breeding and wintering snowy plovers in San Diego County, California, 1994–1999.

Author(s)

Powell, A.N., Fritz, C.L., Peterson, B.L. and Terp, J.M.

Issue

2

Volume

73
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Hatching Success	1994: 0.42, 1995: 0.45, 1996: 0.33, 1997: 0.48, 1998: 0.46	Fledglings/nest	B	Fledgling	801 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Diego	USA
Time of Hatching or Parturition	See citation Figure 3			Embryo	801 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Diego	USA
Time of Nesting	See citation Figure 3		B	Adult	801 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	San Diego	USA

Citation:

Snowy Plover nest survival in Kansas and effective management to counter negative effects of precipitation.

Author(s)

Sexson, M.G. and Farley, G.H.

Issue

8

Volume

76
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	0.954 [0.945-0.962 (95% CI)]	Nest daily survial rate		B	Chick	100 nests	Quivira National Wildlife Refuge	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	29.4 [23.0-36.5 (95% CI)]	Annual survival	%	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	100 nests	Quivira National Wildlife Refuge	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	10.5 [4.3-20.0 (95% CI)]	Annual survival	%	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	31 nests	Cheyenne Bottoms Wilderness Area	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	0.917 [0.886-0.940 (95% CI)]	Nest daily survial rate		B	Chick	31 nests	Cheyenne Bottoms Wilderness Area	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in various tissues of waterbirds in Nalabana bird sanctuary, Chilika Lake, Orissa, India.

Author(s)

Dhananjayan, V.

Issue

1

Volume

89
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Small crabs, sand hoppers, marine worms	M	Adult	1		Exposure Factor Datasets	INDIA

Citation:

Seasonal abundance of shorebirds at the Guerrero Negro wetland complex, Baja California, Mexico.

Author(s)

Carmona, R., Arce, N., Ayala-Pérez, V. and Danemann, G.D.

Issue

1

Volume

118
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	54	Individuals/21,000 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	Guerrero Negro Lagoon	Exposure Factor Datasets	MEXICO

Citation:

Snowy Plover reproductive success in beach and river habitats.

Author(s)

Colwell, M.A., Millett, C.B., Meyer, J.J., Hall, J.N., Hurley, S.J., McAllister, S.E., Transou, A.N. and LeValley, R.R.

Issue

4

Volume

76
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis	28 d posthatch	d posthatch	B	Fledgling		Exposure Factor Datasets	Humboldt	USA

Citation:

Movements and fledging success of snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus) chicks.

Author(s)

Wilson, C.A. and Colwell, M.A.

Issue

3

Volume

33
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries	Error
Home Range	Inside fence: 780, outside fence: 1353	Daily distance from nest	m	M	Adult	Inside fence: 5, outside fence: 5	Clam Beach	Exposure Factor Datasets	Humboldt	USA	Inside fence: 90, outside fence: 90
Home Range		Cumulative homerange by chick age		B	Chick		Clam Beach	Exposure Factor Datasets	Humboldt	USA
Home Range	1027	Adults tending broods in first 10 d	m	B	Adult	29	Clam Beach	Exposure Factor Datasets	Humboldt	USA	172

Citation:

Breeding ecology and management of snowy plovers in north-central Oklahoma.

Author(s)

Winton, B.R., Leslie Jr, D.M. and Rupert, J.R.

Issue

4

Volume

71
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Clutch or Litter Size	1995: 2.66, 1996: 2.83		Eggs/nest	Embryo	1995: 238, 1996: 177	Alkaline flat at Salt Plains National Wildife Refuge	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	1995: 0.62, 1996: 0.46
Hatching Success	1995: 0.37, 1996: 0.58	Nest success based on Mayfield Method	% of total	Embryo	1995: 98, 1996: 77	Alkaline flat at Salt Plains National Wildife Refuge	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Survival and natal dispersal of juvenile Snowy Plovers (Charadrius alexandrinus) in central coastal California.

Author(s)

Stenzel, L.E., Page, G.W., Warriner, J.C., Warriner, J.S., George, D.E., Eyster, C.R., Ramer, B.A. and Neuman, K.K.

Issue

3

Volume

124
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Survival/ Mortality	0.691	Modeled survival from fledgling to following April	B	Adult	Central coast California	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.033
Survival/ Mortality	0.463	Modeled survival from fledgling to following April	B	Juvenile	Central coast California	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.018

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Long-term investigation of the degree of exposure of German peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) to damaging chemicals from the environment.

Author(s)

Wegner, P., Kleinstäuber, G., Baum, F. and Schilling, F.

Issue

1

Volume

146
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Body Weight - Mean	See citation Table 6	Egg metrics	Embryo	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	GERMANY

Citation:

Density, productivity, diet and population status of the Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus in the Italian Alps.

Author(s)

Rizzolli, F., Sergio, F., Marchesi, L. and Pedrini, P.

Issue

2

Volume

52
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	Review	Pairs/100 sq km	Pairs/100 sq km	B	Adult			Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition	Turdus pilaris: 8.34, Turdus merula: 4.82, Columba livia: 12.27, Garrulus gladnarius: 6.87, Stumus vulgaris: 2.75, Corvus corone cornix: 19.50, other Columbidae: 12.48, Other Turdidae: 4.39, Other birds: 28.58	Percent by mass from pellets/prey remains	%	B	Adult	249	Central-eastern Italian Alps	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	ITALY
Time of Mating/ Laying	43170			B	Adult	249	Central-eastern Italian Alps	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	ITALY
Population Density	1.16	Pairs/100 sq km	Pairs/100 sq km	B	Adult	249	Central-eastern Italian Alps	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	ITALY

Citation:

Organochlorine pesticides, PCBs, dioxins, and metals in postterm peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) eggs from the Mid-Atlantic States, 1993–1999.

Author(s)

Clark, K.E., Zhao, Y. and Kane, C.M.

Issue

1

Volume

57
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Hatching Success	See citation Table 1	Hatched eggs from succesful clutches	Number of eggs hatched	Embryo	93	NJ, PA, DE, MD, VA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Diet of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Korea: Food Items and Seasonal Changes.

Author(s)

Choi, C.Y. and Nam, H.Y.

Issue

4

Volume

49
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Synthliboramphus antiquus, Streptopelia orientalis, S. qumizusume, Zoothera dauma, Swimhow's Storm-Petrel, Larus crassirostris, Japanese Murrelet, Pitta nympha, Otus sunia, Otus semitroques, Asio otus, Caprimulgus indicus	NA	393 pellets		Exposure Factor Datasets	SOUTH KOREA (REPUBLIC OF KOREA)+M10

Citation:

The role of pigeon consumption in the population dynamics and breeding performance of a peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) population: conservation implications.

Author(s)

López-López, P., Verdejo, J. and Barba, E.

Issue

2

Volume

55
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	9	Breeding pairs/1,500 sq km	Breeding pairs/1,500 sq km	B	Adult	820 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	SPAIN
Dietary Composition	See citation Table 2	Prey types	% prey mass	B	Adult			Exposure Factor Datasets	SPAIN
Clutch or Litter Size	See citation Table 1	Chicks/breeding pair	Average number chicks/year	NR	Chick	820 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	SPAIN

Citation:

Polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) levels in peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) eggs from California correlate with diet and human population density.

Author(s)

Newsome, S.D., Park, J.S., Henry, B.W., Holden, A., Fogel, M.L., Linthicum, J., Chu, V. and Hooper, K.

Issue

13

Volume

44
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 4	Identifiable prey	Adult	Urban: 10, nonurban: 11 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Long-term Reproduction (1984–2013), Nestling Diet, and Eggshell Thickness of Peregrine Falcons (Falco peregrinus) in Yellowstone National Park.

Author(s)

Baril, L.M., Haines, D.B., Smith, D.W. and Oakleaf, R.J

Issue

4

Volume

49
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Turdus migratorius: 11, Leucophaeus pipixcan: 8, Sialia currucoides: 6, Phalaropus fulicarius: 6, Colaptes auratus: 5, Phalaropus tricolor: 5, other Scolophacidae spp.: 7, Icteridae spp.: 7, other picidae spp.: 6, Fringillidae spp.: 5, other birds: 32, other animals: 3	Percent frequency of prey remains	%	B	Nestling	9 eyries	Yellowstone National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Nesting biology and food habits of the Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus radama in the south-west and central plateau of Madagascar.

Author(s)

Razafimanjato, G., de Roland, L.A.R., Rabearivony, J. and Thorstrom, R.

Issue

1

Volume

78
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis	42	Days posthatch	d	Fledgling		Tsimanampetsotsa	Exposure Factor Datasets		MADAGASCAR
Time of Mating/ Laying	Tritriva: July, Tsimanampetsotsa: August	Egg laying		Adult	3 nests		Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	MADAGASCAR
Time of Mating/ Laying	Tritriva: June, Tsimanampetsotsa: July	Courtship initiation		Adult	3		Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	MADAGASCAR
Clutch or Litter Size	3-Feb		Number of eggs	Embryo	2 nests	Tsimanampetsotsa	Exposure Factor Datasets		MADAGASCAR

Citation:

Feeding activity and seasonal changes in prey composition of urban Peregrine Falcons Falco peregrinus.

Author(s)

Rejt, Ł.

Issue

2

Volume

36
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 2	Seasonal changes in diet	486 prey remains	Warsaw buildings	Exposure Factor Datasets	POLAND

Citation:

Prey Species as possible sources of PBDE exposures for peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) nesting in major California cities.

Author(s)

Park, J.S., Fong, A., Chu, V., Holden, A., Linthicum, J. and Hooper, K.

Issue

3

Volume

60
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	See citation Figure 2	Identifiable prey	Coastal: 30, urban: 31	Coastal vs. urban populations	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Short-term effects of the prestige oil spill on the peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus).

Author(s)

Zuberogoitia, I., Martínez, J.A., Iraeta, A., Azkona, A., Zabala, J., Jiménez, B., Merino, R. and Gomez, G.

Issue

10

Volume

52
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Fledging or Weaning Rate	1998: 1.27, 1999: 2.67, 2000: 2.31, 2001: 2.36, 2002: 1.96, 2003: 2.41	Mean number fledglings/territorial pair	Mean number fledglings/territorial pair	Fledgling	1998: 11, 1999: 12, 2000: 13, 2001: 22, 2002: 29, 2003: 34	Biskaia	Exposure Factor Datasets	SPAIN

Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)

Citation:

Home-range size of northern flickers (Colaptes auratus) in relation to habitat and parental attributes.

Author(s)

Elchuk, C.L. and Wiebe, K.L.

Issue

6

Volume

81
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Home Range	1999: 20 [15-26 (95% CI)], 2000: 30 [3-112 (95% CI)]	Mean by fixed kernel, activity range (50%)	ha	B	Adult	1999: 24, 2000: 28	Central interior British Columbia	Exposure Factor Datasets	Brood-rearing	CANADA
Home Range	1999: 20 [15-26 (95% CI)], 2000: 34 [27-43 (95% CI)]	Mean by min convex polygon (95%)	ha	B	Adult	1999: 24, 2000: 28	Central interior British Columbia	Exposure Factor Datasets	Brood-rearing	CANADA

Citation:

Effects of sex and age on survival of Northern Flickers: a six-year field study.

Author(s)

Fisher, R.J. and Wiebe, K.L.

Issue

1

Volume

108
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	0.43 [0.38-0.48 (95% CI)]	Modeled estimate	B	Adult	See citation	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Citation:

Cooperative breeding in the Campo Flicker II: Patterns of reproduction and kinship.

Author(s)

Dias, R.I., Macedo, R.H., Goedert, D. and Webster, M.S.

Issue

4

Volume

115
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Fledging or Weaning Rate	See citation Table 2	Number of fledglings produced by each female of a group	B	Fledgling	Central Brazil	Exposure Factor Datasets	BRAZIL

Citation:

Survival and habitat use by fledgling northern flickers in a fragmented forest landscape.

Author(s)

Gow, E.A. and Wiebe, K.L.

Issue

2

Volume

78
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Foraging Distance	4th d post-fledge: 50, 18th d: 592	Distance traveled by fledglings	m	B	Fledgling	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	4th d post-fledge: 232, 18th d: 353
Survival/ Mortality	0.994	Modeled daily survival over 22 d		B	Fledgling	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	0.004

Citation:

Variable weather patterns affect annual survival of Northern Flickers more than phenotype in the hybrid zone.

Author(s)

Flockhart, D.T.T. and Wiebe, K.L.

Issue

4

Volume

110
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	Model A: 0.47, model B: 0.46	Modeled estimate	B	Adult	1117	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Citation:

Fifty years of early winter bird counts in Harvey County, Kansas

Author(s)

Platt, D.R.

Issue

2

Volume

54
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation	Harvey County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Reproductive success of cavity-nesting birds in partially harvested woodlots.

Author(s)

Straus, M.A., Bavrlic, K., Nol, E., Burke, D.M. and Elliott, K.A.

Issue

5

Volume

41
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Population Density	Reference: 0.7, Group: 0.5, Old standard: 0.8, Standard: 0.7, Heavy: 0.6	Breeding pair density by silvicutlure treatment	pairs/ha	B	Adult	London, Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	CANADA	Reference: 0.03, Group: 0.03, Old standard: 0.12, Standard: 0.11, Heavy: 0.08

Citation:

Avian community structure along a mountain big sagebrush successional gradient.

Author(s)

Reinkensmeyer, D.P., Miller, R.F., Anthony, R.G. and Marr, V.E.

Issue

4

Volume

71
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Population Density	Postburn grassland: 0.02, shrub-steppe: 0.01, mid-successional juniper: 0.11, old-growth juniper: 0.14	Mean densities per cover type	birds/ha/yr	B	Central Oregon	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA	Postburn grassland: 0.01, shrub-steppe: 0.01, mid-successional juniper: 0.01, old-growth juniper: 0.02

Citation:

Egg composition in northern flickers.

Author(s)

Wiebe, K.L.

Issue

4

Volume

108
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Body Weight - Mean	See citation Table 1	Egg metrics	See citation	Embryo	See citation	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Body Fat (total or %)	Lipid in dry yolk: 57.3, total dry lipid: 0.22	Egg percent lipid	Lipid in dry yolk: %, total dry lipid: g	Embryo	Lipid in dry yolk: 13, total dry lipid: 27	Risk Creek, British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	Lipid in dry yolk: 2.7, total dry lipid: 0.01

Citation:

Clutch size relative to tree cavity size in Northern Flickers.

Author(s)

Wiebe, K.L. and Swift, T.L.

Issue

2

Volume

32
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Clutch or Litter Size	7.61	Eggs/clutch	B	Embryo	139 nests	Central British Columbia (51⁰52'N, 122⁰21'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	1.52

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

Predation on desert mammals by Lanius ludovicianus (Laniidae).

Author(s)

Álvarez-Castañeda, S.T.

Issue

4

Volume

47
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Body Weight - Mean	45 g	g	NR	Not Reported	3	Baja California Sur	Exposure Factor Datasets	MEXICO

Citation:

The indirect effects of climate variability on the reproductive dynamics and productivity of an avian predator in the arid Southwest.

Author(s)

Borgman, C.C. and Wolf, B.O.

Issue

1

Volume

180
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Clutch or Litter Size	5.4	First/second broods combined	B	Embryo	128	Kirkland Airfore Base	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA	0.2
Time of Nesting	April 27-28 (117.4 Julian day)	Mean initiation date	B	Adult	147	Kirkland Airfore Base	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA
Population Density	29.2	Number of breeding pairs/15,000 ha	B	Adult	175	Kirkland Airfore Base	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate	4.6	Number fledged per successful nest	B	Fledgling	67	Kirkland Airfore Base	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA	0.4

Citation:

Breeding biology and nesting success of Loggerhead Shrikes in Ontario.

Author(s)

Chabot, A.A., Bird, D.M. and Titman, R.D.

Issue

3

Volume

113
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries	Error
Fledging or Weaning Rate	1991: 3.9, 1992: 4.2	Number fledged per successful nest		B	Fledgling	1991: 27, 1992: 50 breeding pairs	Three sites in southern Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	CANADA	1991: 0.3, 1992: 0.3
Clutch or Litter Size	1991: 4.9, 1992: 5.6		Number of eggs/clutch	B	Embryo	1991: 27, 1992: 50 breeding pairs	Three sites in southern Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	CANADA	1991: 0.1, 1992: 0.2

Citation:

Habitat selection and reproductive success of Loggerhead Shrikes in northwest Missouri: a hierarchical approach.

Author(s)

Esely Jr, J.D. and Bollinger, E.K.

Issue

3

Volume

113
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Clutch or Litter Size	Roadside nests: 5.2, interior nests: 6.1	B	Embryo			Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	Roadside nests: 1.3, interior nests: 0.5
Hatching Success	Roadside nests: 71.7%, interior nests: 94.6%	B	Embryo			Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Clutch or Litter Size	Review	B		13-222		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate	Review	B				Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate	Roadside nests: 55.3%, interior nests: 79.2%	B	Fledgling			Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Survival, dispersal and early migration movements of captive-bred juvenile eastern loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus migrans).

Author(s)

Imlay, T.I., Crowley, J.F., Argue, A.M., Steiner, J.C., Norris, D.R. and Stutchbury, B.J.M.

Issue

11

Volume

143
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Time of Migration or Dispersal	August 11-September 22	B	Juvenile	38	Kirkfield, Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis	June 9-July 30	B	Juvenile	38	Kirkfield, Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Survival/ Mortality	2007: 75.7%, 2008: 75.0%	B	Juvenile	38	Kirkfield, Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Clutch or Litter Size	2-7 nestlings/pair	B	Nestling	38	Kirkfield, Ontario	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Citation:

Age and experience affect the reproductive success of captive loggerhead shrikes.

Author(s)

Imlay, T.L., Steiner, J.C. and Bird, D.

Volume

95
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Clutch or Litter Size	4.7	B	Embryo	459 nesting attempts; 98 individuals		Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	1.5
Fledging or Weaning Rate	3.6	B	Fledgling	459 nesting attempts; 98 individuals		Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA	1.5

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Risk assessment methodologies for exposure of great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) to PCBs on the Kalamazoo River, Michigan.

Author(s)

Strause, K.D., Zwiernik, M.J., Newsted, J.L., Neigh, A.M., Millsap, S.D., Park, C.S., Moseley, P.P., Kay, D.P., Bradley, P.W., Jones, P.D. and Blankenship, A.L.

Issue

1

Volume

4
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Class aves: 13.8, class mammalia: 86.2, class crustacae: 0.0	Percent biomass	%	NR	Not Reported	285	Fort Cluster	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Class aves: 24.8, class mammalia: 75.2, class crustacae: 0.0	Percent biomass	%	NR	Not Reported	285	Trowbridge	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Comparing the diet of Great Horned Owls (Bubo virginianus) in rural and urban areas of southwestern British Columbia.

Author(s)

Hindmarch, S. and Elliott, J.E.

Issue

4

Volume

128
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 70.3, North American deer mouse: 1.4, rat species: 1.4, shrew species: 9.5, American crow: 2.7, great blue heron: 1.4, barn owl: 10.8, order coleoptera: 2.7	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Terra Nova Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 97.5, rat species: 2.5	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Arthur Drive	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 69.0, North American deer mouse: 11.2, rat species: 7.8, house mouse: 0.9, shrew-mole: 1.7, shrew species: 7.8, small songbirds: 0.9, American crow: 0.9	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Forest Richmond	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 2.1, North American deer mouse: 21.3, rat species: 42.6, order lagomorpha: 2.1, eastern cottontail: 4.3, medium songbirds: 10.6, small songbirds: 6.4, American crow: 4.3, order coleoptera: 6.4	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Crescent Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 57.3, pacific jumping mouse: 1.3, rat species: 33.4, eastern cottontail: 2.7, medium songbirds: 1.3, American crow: 1.3, family anatidae: 1.3, order coleoptera: 1.3	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR		Central Surrey	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 37.3, rat species: 25.5, eastern cottontail: 23.5, coast mole: 5.9, medium songbirds: 2.0, small songbirds: 2.0, American crow: 2.0, family anatidae: 2.0	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Beach Groove Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Dietary Composition	Townsend vole: 84.8, common muskrat: 1.0, rat species: 1.0, medium songbirds: 5.1, family anatidae: 5.1, order coleoptera: 3.0	Percent by number in pellets/prey remains	%	NR	See citation	Alaskan National Wildlife Area	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Citation:

Effects of habitat disturbance on diets of Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus) in a cold desert.

Author(s)

Kremer, S.R. and Belk, M.C.

Issue

1

Volume

63
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Mammalia: 89.76, aves: 7.07	Percent biomass in disturbed site	%	B	Not Reported	1478	US Army Dugway Proving Ground	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Mammalia: 95.74, aves: 0.85	Percent biomass in undisturbed site	%	B	Not Reported	2448	US Army Dugway Proving Ground	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Food habits of Great Horned Owls (Bubo virginianus) in the breeding season in Lami Biological Reserve, southern Brazil.

Author(s)

Tomazzoni, A.C., Pedó, E. and Hartz, S.M.

Volume

15
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Mammals: 34, birds: 38, amphibians: 8, reptiles: 2, fishes: <1, insects: 18	Percent frequency	%	NR	Not Reported	85	Lami Biological Reserve	Exposure Factor Datasets	BRAZIL

Least Tern (Sterna antillarum)

Citation:

Reproductive ecology of the Least Tern along the lower Mississippi River.

Author(s)

Szell, C.C. and Woodrey, M.S.

Issue

1

Volume

26
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Hatching Success	1995: 0.93, 1996: 0.30, 1997: 0.08	Ratio of hatched eggs:total eggs	Embryo	1995: 520, 1996: 911, 1997: 671	Porter Lake, lower Mississippi River	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)

Citation:

Seasonal and annual patterns in density of double-crested cormorants in two coastal regions of Lake Huron.

Author(s)

Ridgway, M.S.

Issue

3

Volume

36
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation Table 1	Adults/sq km	Adults/sq km	NR	Adult	North Channel, Lake Huron	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA
Population Density	See citation Table 1	Adults/sq km	Adults/sq km	NR	Adult	Georgian Bay, Lake Huron	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Citation:

Annual Survival of Double-Crested Cormorants from the Great Lakes, 1979–2006.

Author(s)

Seamans, M.E., Ludwig, J.P., Stromborg, K., Ludwig II, F.E. and Ludwig, F.E.

Issue

sp1

Volume

35
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	See citation Figure 4	Second-year birds	Adult	Great Lakes region	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	See citation Figure 5	Hatch-year birds	Juvenile	Great Lakes region	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Survivorship and mortality patterns of Double-crested Cormorants at Spider Island, Wisconsin, 1988–2006.

Author(s)

Stromborg, K.L., Ivan, J.S., Netto, J.K. and Courtney, C.R.

Issue

sp1

Volume

35
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Survival/ Mortality	0.696	Survival, modeled average (Adult, at least 2 y)	Percent	Adult	Lake Michigan	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	0.305	Survival, modeled average (first year)	Percent	Juvenile	Lake Michigan	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	0.774	Survival, modeled average (Second/third year)	Percent	Juvenile	Lake Michigan	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Survival/ Mortality	0.633	Survival, modeled average (Adult, at least 4 y)	Percent	Adult	Lake Michigan	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Diet of double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) wintering on the central Texas coast.

Author(s)

Withers, K. and Brooks, T.S.

Issue

1

Volume

49
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Dietary Composition	Striped mullet: 25.5, gulf menhaden: 17.6, hardhead catfish: 11.8, Sciaendiae: 15.7, unidentifiable fish: 5.9	Frequency	%	Not Reported	51	Lavaca bay	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Dietary Composition	Striped mullet: 28.5, hardhead catfish: 2.5, gulf toadfish: 46.4 Sciaendiae: 0, unidentifiable fish: 3.6	Frequency	%	Not Reported	28	Laguna Madre	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

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