Amphibians
Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRICLOPYR | increase at 2.4 and 4.8 mg/l | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 1-2 d after hatching | Laboratory | ||
| TRICLOPYR | decrease response at 1.2 mg/l | avoidance response assessed by daily prodding | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 1-2 d after hatching | Laboratory | |
| FENITROTHION | decrease response at 0.5 - 8 mg/l | avoidance response assessed by daily prodding | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 1-2 d after hatching | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIELDRIN | increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/dose | ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| ALDRIN | increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/dose | ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| TOXAPHENE (POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENES) | increase at 0.5 lbs/acre | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/dose | ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| LINDANE | increase at 0.5 lbs/acre | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 animals/dose | ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIELDRIN | 36,000 - 54,000 | range of lipid bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body bioconcentration values x 100 by percent lipid | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 50 d | Laboratory | |
| DIELDRIN | 30.3 ug/l (95% CL: 26.2 - 35.2 ug/l) | LC50 | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29 d | Laboratory | |
| DIELDRIN | 52.3 ug/l | LOAEL | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29 d | Laboratory | |
| DIELDRIN | 12.3 ug/l | NOAEL | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29 d | Laboratory | |
| DIELDRIN | 12.0 ug/g at 30.3 ug/l | whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) at the LC50 | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29 d | Laboratory | |
| DIELDRIN | 19.0 ug/g at 52.3 ug/l | whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29 d | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) | 15.35 mg/kg bw (95% CL: 8.72-21.98) | LD50 | Not Reported | Adult | 7 | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) | 0.95 mg/l (95% CL: 0.72 - 1.14) | LC50 | Not Reported | Tadpole | 5 | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Gossner stages 33-38 | Laboratory | |
| TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) | 12.99 mg/l (95% CL: 6.75 - 19.22) | LC50 | Not Reported | Adult | 7 | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) | effect observed at 1.0 - 3.0 mg/l | growth development arrested | Not Reported | Embryo | Not Reported | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FENITROTHION | increase at 9 mg/l | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 1 d after hatching | Laboratory | |
| FENITROTHION | increase at 9 mg/l | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 8 d after hatching | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, BARIUM COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS | increase | incidence of oral deformities at coal ash contaminated site, relative to reference site | Not Reported | Tadpole | 575-1048 | Savannah River, Aiken | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, BARIUM COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS | increase at contaminated (C) compared to reference (R) site: Arsenic, C=48.9 +/- 2.6SE, R=2.5 +/-0.2SE; Barium, C=211.5 +/- 14.9SE, R=81.2 +/- 5.2SE; Cadmium, C=1.71 +/- 0.5SE, R=0.15 +/- 0.04SE; Chromium, C=17.2 +/- 0.5SE, R=1.4 +/- 0.3SE; Copper, C=31.4 +/- 1.5SE, R=17.5 +/- 6.6SE; Selenium, C=25.70 +/- 3.60SE, R=3.37 +/- 0.09SE. | mean whole body metal concentrations (ppm, dry mass) | Not Reported | Tadpole | 3 animals/site | Savannah River, Aiken | Toxicity Factor Datasets |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FLUORANTHENE | increase @ 10.97 - 59.48 ug/l | incidence of structural disorganization and necrosis of the integument | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20/group | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| FLUORANTHENE | increase @ 37.97 ug/l | total distance travelled | Not Reported | Tadpole | 20/group | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SULFURIC ACID | significant decrease at pH 3.5 and 4.0 | hatching success | Not Reported | 50 eggs/replicate, 6 replicates/group (n=294-312) | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | See paper for weight to developmental stage relationship (Gosner stages 27-40) | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 120 | Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve, Livingston County [lat., 42.5N] | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | Referred to as "age at transformation"; range of snout-vent length at transformation = 35-57 mm | mo | Not Reported | Tadpole | 1051 | Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve, Livingston County [lat., 42.5N] | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | July - Sept. | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve, Livingston County [lat., 42.5N] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | Non-breeding season survival; measured as # that returned to breed/# known to be alive at end of previous breeding season | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 25 - 54 | Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | figures of aerial activity oxygen consumption and body weights at different developmental stages | Not Reported | Tadpole | 59 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | 0.1056 | mm/d | Both Male and Female | 34 | Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 yr | CANADA | 0.01427 SE |
| Growth Rate | 0.1322 | mm/d | Female | 44 | Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 yr | CANADA | 0.1109 SE |
| Growth Rate | 0.1353 | mm/d | Male | 46 | Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 yr | CANADA | 0.01079 SE |
| Growth Rate | 0.0930 | mm/d | Female | 14 | Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | 3 yr | CANADA | 0.02287 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 27.74 | Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 15C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | 4 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Oct. - April | Not Reported | Adult | 6 | Seiberling Naturealm, Summit County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | Aug. - Oct. or Mar. - Apr. of following yr. | time to metamorphosis for second clutch | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Age at Sexual Maturity | yr | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Population Density | 9.1 | mean density measured on both banks of river | #/linear river km | Not Reported | Adult | 3 visual counts | lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | review | see citation for review of growth rates based on size estimates | Both Male and Female | Adult, Tadpole | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | 7.1 | mean % body weight consumed per day, body weight mean = 17.5 g | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | 25 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1 mo post-transformation | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 4.1 | Mean distance between territorial males | m | Male | Adult | 31 | Basking Pond, Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Morris County | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 7,360 | Number of eggs in a 10x10cm area used to estimate eggs per mass | #/egg mass | Female | Adult | 36 | Basking Pond, Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Morris County | Exposure Factor Datasets | 741.7 SE |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr - June | Female | Adult | 36 | Basking Pond, Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Morris County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Water Ingestion Rate | 0.18 | "drinking" measured as 125I-iothalamate uptake in gut after 2 hrs | ml/100 g/hr | Not Reported | Tadpole | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.02 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Surface Area | Log SA = 0.923 + (0.711Log BW) | SA = Total Surface Area in cm2; BW = body weight in grams wet weight; Log base 10; surface area estimated from removed skin of frogs ranging from 40 - 442 g | cm2 | Not Reported | Adult | 16 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 142.8 | g | Not Reported | Adult | 39 | York County, New Brunswick [lat., 45^o47'; long., 66^o37'] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | 77.4 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Insecta (92.0%), Crustacea (13.7%), Arachnida (13.7%), Diploda (5.6%), Chilopoda (1.6%), Gastropoda (4.0%), Reptilia (3.2%), Amphibia (9.6%), Aves (1.6%), Osteichthyes (4.0%) | Percent occurrence in stomach contents from frogs collected during day and night | Not Reported | Not Reported | 124 | ponds in north central TX | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | #/1000 ft2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | 131 | pond at Go Home Bay, Ontario [lat.,45N; long., 79^o59'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | range of mean body weights | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 29 - 62 | streams, ponds, strip pits in Pulaski, Loanoke and Saline counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | July | laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Angelo Coast Range Reserve [lat., 39^o44'N; long., 123^o39'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Mendocino |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | #/m2 | Not Reported | Tadpole | 3 sampling periods, 20,000 animals | Coldstream Pond and Fred Pond, northeast of Lexington, [38o06'23"N, 84o30'08"W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Coleoptera (43.6%), Notonectidae (10.3%), Diptera (6.6%), Hymenoptera (6.3%), Locustidae (6.0%), Ephemeroptera (4.3%), Gryllidae (4.3%), Protura (3.3%), Chironomidae (2.6%), Culicidae (2.0%), Lepidoptera (1.3%), Odonata (0.3%), Gerridae (0.3%), Mantidae (0.3%), Sepsidae (0.3%), Unidentified parts (21.3%), Decomposed tissue (18.0%), Spiders (16.0%), Rocks, grass, leaves (22.0%), Chitinous material (10%), Snails, Planorbid (9.0%), Frogs (5.6%), Snails, Physid (4.7%), Small fish (4.3%), Unknown vertebrates (2.3%), Tadpoles (1.3%), Salamander (1.0%), Feathers (1.0%), Worms (0.6%), Egg sack (0.3%), Rabbit pellet (0.3%), Peromyscus (0.3%) | % of stomachs in which food item was present at least once, frog weight range 10 - 200 g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 300 | San Joaquin Experimental Range, O'Neals | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla formerly Hyla regilla)
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AMMONIUM SULFATE | 32.4 | 10-d LC50 for embryos | mg NH4-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 29.7 - 35.4 (95% CI) | Laboratory | |
| AMMONIUM SULFATE | 11.7 | LOAEL for body weight | mg NH4-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| AMMONIUM SULFATE | 6.1 | NOAEL for body weight | mg NH4-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| NITRATE, SODIUM | 578.0 | 10-d LC50 for embryos | mg NO3-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 459.0 - 726.5 (95% CI) | Laboratory | |
| NITRATE, SODIUM | 111.0 | LOAEL for body weight and length | mg NO3-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| NITRATE, SODIUM | 56.7 | NOAEL for body weight and length | mg NO3-N/L | Not Reported | Embryo | 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION) | 3.77 mg/l (95% CI; 1.82 - 4.22) | LC50 | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10 tadpoles/replicate; 2 replicates/dose; 5 doses | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 3 wk | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | July - Sept. | Not Reported | Juvenile | Not Reported | Moscow, Latah County (elev., 850m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | May | Not Reported | Hatchling | Not Reported | Moscow, Latah County (elev., 850m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - May | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Moscow, Latah County (elev., 850m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Northern Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora) formerly Rana aurora ssp. aurora
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIURON | 7.6 mg/l | lowest NOAEL based on body weight endpoint | Not Reported | Tadpole | 5/replicate; 3 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | 7 d | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | log W = -4.60 + 3.085(log L) | regression equation relating body weight (W; mg, dry wt.) to body length (L; mm) | mg | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | Marion Lake, southern British Columbia (elev., 300m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 600 | #/ egg mass | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Lake Louise Wildlife Sanctuary, Bellingham, Whatcom county (elev., 120m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 35 | time from egg to hatching, water temperature ranged from 4.5 - 7.8C | d | Both Male and Female | Embryo | 35 egg masses | Lake Louise Wildlife Sanctuary, Bellingham, Whatcom county (elev., 120m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | Apr. | Both Male and Female | Embryo | Not Reported | Lake Louise Wildlife Sanctuary, Bellingham, Whatcom county (elev., 120m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 6.46 | average maximum weight (75.9 mm total length) | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | Lake Louise Wildlife Sanctuary, Bellingham, Whatcom county (elev., 120m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | yrs | Female | Adult | 2 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | see citation | frequency of occurrence and food item abundance of 53 items (family level and prey lifestage) in stomach contents | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 26-104/lifestage | White Rock, British Columbia [lat., 49^o02'N; long., 122^o39'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 0.59 | oxygen consumption at 18.5C | cm3 O2/egg/hr | Not Reported | Embryo | 6 replicates with 30 embryos each | Exposure Factor Datasets | stage 12 - 15 | 0.10 SD | Laboratory |
Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.02 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 42 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 26 | Laboratory | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.117 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 39 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 30 | Laboratory | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.187 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 39 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 32 | Laboratory |
Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Crustacea (1); Arachnida (19); Diplopoda (5); Chilopoda (3); Hexapoda (32) | number of each item in stomach contents | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 21 | Portland, Multnomah County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | sowbug (1); centipede (1); millipede (6); spiders (7); wood ticks (2); scavenger mite (1); solpugid (1); springtails (5); worker termites (15); hemipteran (1); fly (1); beetles (11); ants (2) | number of each food item in stomachs | # | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 8 | Madelia Canyon | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles |
| Home Range | 17.3 | average distance moved between recaptures | ft | Female | Adult | 13 | Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Home Range | 32.8 | average distance moved between recaptures | ft | Male | Adult | 17 | Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Collembola (68%); Coleoptera adults (49%); Coleoptera larvae (11%); Diptera adults (14%); Diptera larvae (16%); Hymenoptera (22%); Acarina (19%); Araneae (57%); Diplopoda (38%); Isopoda (32%) | % frequency of major food items | % | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 37 | 1-2 mi WSW of Pepperwood, Humboldt Co. | Exposure Factor Datasets | Humboldt |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 194.1 | mean oxygen consumption following activity, measured at 25C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 14.3 SE | Laboratory |
Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Benthic macroinvertebrates (75%): Diptera (66.7); Chironomidae (41.7%); Coleoptera (58.3%); Trichoptera (50%); Ephemeroptera (25%); Amphipoda (16.7%); Plecoptera (8.3%); Pelecypoda (8.3%); Crustacean zooplankton (41.7%): Cladocerans (41.7%); Unidentified (41.7%); Imm. Daphnids (25.0%); Daphnia rosea (25%); Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (16.7%); Chydorus spaericus (8.3%); Copepods (16.7%); Cylopoids (16.7%); Calanoids (8.3%); Harpactacoids (8.3%) | % larvae stomachs that contained prey item | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | 13 | North Cascades National Park Service Complex | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 15.4 | mg | Not Reported | Juvenile | 3 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2 d post-hatch | 0.3 SE | Laboratory |
Pacific Giant Salamander (Dicamptodon tenebrosus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 2 | Benton County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 57 | % mortality during first yr of life | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | 61 | Gauldy Mountain, Tillamook County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Growth Rate | increase in total length | mm/mo | Not Reported | Juvenile | Not Reported | Mary's Peak and Palouse | Exposure Factor Datasets |
California Newt (Taricha torosa)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 46.1 | maximum oxygen consumption during activity measured at 5C on animals acclimated at 12C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 5-8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 5.0 SE | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 66.7 | maximum oxygen consumption during activity measured at 5C on animals acclimated at 22C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 5-8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 4.9 SE | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 118.3 | maximum oxygen consumption during activity measured at 15C on animals acclimated at 12C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 5-8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 8.3 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 0.067 (10C), 0.132 (15C), 0.203 (20C), 0.287 (25C) | active oxygen consumption measured at various temperatures (10-25C) | cm3 O2/g/hr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | aquatic newt | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 0.009 (10C), 0.026 (15C), 0.027 (20C), 0.043 (25C) | resting oxygen consumption measured at various temperatures (10-25C) | cm3 O2/g/hr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | terrestrial newt | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 0.066 (10C), 0.093 (15C), 0.120 (20C), 0.161 (25C) | active oxygen consumption measured at various temperatures (10-25C) | cm3 O2/g/hr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | terrestrial newt | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of mean larval density estimates over 2 yrs | # larvae/m2 | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Cold Creek, Santa Monica Mountains | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles | |
| Dietary Composition | see citation | figure of % of stomachs containing prey items over several yrs | Not Reported | Adult | 17-52 | Cold Creek and Trancas Creek, Santa Monica Mountains | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of mean density estimates for six pools without crayfish over two time periods | #/10m2 | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Trancas Creek, Santa Monica Mountains | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles |
California Toad (Anaxyrus boreas ssp. halophilus formerly Bufo boreas ssp. halophilus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | see citation | figure of biomass of food ingested by juvenile toads maintained at various temperatures | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9-11 animals/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | figure of oxygen consumption measured at a series of temperatures | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9-11 animals/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Laboratory |
Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. croceum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 2 | yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Valencia Lagoon, Rio Del Mar | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 307 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 5 | Valencia Lagoon, Rio Del Mar | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz | |
| Growth Rate | see citation | figure of seasonal changes in total length | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Valencia Lagoon, Rio Del Mar | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz |
Eastern Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. columbianum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | eggs/female | Female | Adult | 11 | Palouse grasslands, Pullman | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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