Both Male and Female

Export to CSV
Displaying 1709 data points

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

Thermoregulation and resting metabolic rate of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups

Author(s)
Thompson, Steven, D., Kathryn A. Ono, Olav T. Oftedal and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
730-736
Year
Issue
6
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.78 resting metabolic rate measured over a range of ambient temperatures (16-25C) ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Pup 39 captured at San Nicolas Island, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 3-5 wks 0.10 Laboratory
Citation:

Oxygen uptake of the California sea lion and harbour seal during exposure to heat

Author(s)
Matsuura, D. T. and G. C. Whittow
Pages
711-715
Year
Issue
3
Volume
225
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 403.7 oxygen uptake at rectal temperature of 30.9C. ml O2/min Both Male and Female Adult 3 Exposure Factor Datasets 3-4 yrs 36.0 SE Laboratory

Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)

Citation:

A preliminary report on the biology of the willow flycatcher in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Stafford, Michael D. and Bradley E. Valentine
Pages
66-77
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Fledging or Weaning Rate 50% proportion of nestlings known or believed to have fledged Both Male and Female Fledgling 8 nests Sierra National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno
Citation:

Traill's flycatcher breeding biology

Author(s)
Holcomb, Larry C.
Pages
50-68
Year
Issue
3
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 13.3 d Both Male and Female Embryo 28 nests Toledo, Wooster, OH Exposure Factor Datasets 0.1 SE

Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla formerly Hyla regilla)

Citation:

Metabolic and morphological adaptation to heterogenous environments of the Pacific tree toad, Hyla regilla

Author(s)
Jameson, David L., William Taylor and John Mountjoy
Pages
75-89
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Lab
Metabolic Rate range of mean oxygen consumption rates measured at 20C mm3 O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Not Reported 7/location and sex captured in San Diego, Julian and Willows, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 2.27 g Both Male and Female Adult 90 Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, MEXICO
Citation:

Effects of variation in natural algal and detrital diets on larval anuaran (Hyla regilla) life history traits

Author(s)
Kupferberg, Sarah J., Jane C. Marks and Mary E. Power
Pages
446-457
Year
Volume
1994
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of average weight at metamorphosis, tadpoles fed green algae in field enclosures mg Both Male and Female Juvenile 16-24/group South Fork Eel River, Branscomb [lat., 39^o44' N; long., 123^o39'W] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) invasion of a California river: the role of larval competition

Author(s)
Kupferberg, Sarah J.
Pages
1736-1751
Year
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying spring - summer breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Angelo Coast Range Reserve [lat., 39^o44'N; long., 123^o39'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Mendocino

Red-sided Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. parietalis)

Citation:

Annual reproductive cycle in the male red-sided garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis: Field and laboratory studies

Author(s)
Krohmer, Randolph W., Mark Grassman and David Crews
Pages
64-75
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - May time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult 5/sampling time Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Seasonal changes in the body composition of the garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis parietalis) at northern latitudes

Author(s)
Aleksiuk, Michael and Kenneth W. Stewart
Pages
484-490
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - May time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Winnepeg, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Body Weight - Mean range of monthly mean weights g Both Male and Female Adult 10-16/mo Winnepeg, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

California Least Tern (Sterna antillarum ssp. browni)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the California least tern

Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W.
Pages
1-24
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal late Apr time of arrival at breeding grounds Both Male and Female Adult 2 colonies Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach; Santa Margarita Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Orange
Clutches or Litters per year 1 normal number of broods per year Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach; Santa Margarita Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Orange

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Activity rhythms in the shrews, Sorex sinuosus Grinnell and Sorex trowbridgii Baird

Author(s)
Rust, Aileen K.
Pages
369-382
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 6.23 g Both Male and Female Adult 3 captured at San Pablo Bay, Sonoma CA Exposure Factor Datasets breeding 0.76 SE Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 5.12 g Both Male and Female Adult 5 captured at San Pablo Bay, Sonoma CA Exposure Factor Datasets non-breeding 0.23 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Energy relationships of the mammals of a desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Alice Eastlake Chew
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 0.70 #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (7.6); Coleoptera larvae (0.2); Grasshoppers (5.1); Leaf hoppers (2.1); Lepidoptera adults (0.2); Lepidoptera larvae (0.5); Spiders (2.5); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (65.7); Total forbs (6.3) - Kochia scoparia (3.2); Total grasses and sedges (1.3); Total shrubs (0.6). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 134 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of x-irradiation on a natural population of the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Blair, W. Frank
Pages
113-118
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying late Nov. -late Apr. Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Taylor, Williamson County Exposure Factor Datasets

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Growth and development of Dipodomys stephensi

Author(s)
Lackey, James A.
Pages
624-632
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Lab
Body Weight - Mean 67.26 g Both Male and Female Adult 14 Bonsall and San Luis Rey Exposure Factor Datasets San Diego
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Nesting Mar-Aug length of nesting period Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Birds of a prairie community

Author(s)
Kendeigh, Charles
Pages
165-174
Year
Issue
4
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range estimated breeding territory size defended by males acres Both Male and Female Adult 4 territories near Iowa Lakeside Laboratory Exposure Factor Datasets

American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Hawks, Owls and Wildlife

Author(s)
Craighead, John J. and Frank C. Craighead, Jr.
Pages
443
Publisher
Dover Publications, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Food Ingestion Rate averages of food amounts eaten per day g Both Male and Female Not Reported 3 birds Exposure Factor Datasets captive Laboratory
Citation:

Behavior and ecology of the American Kestrel in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Balgooyen, Thomas G.
Year
Volume
103
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Duration of Incubation or Gestation d Both Male and Female Embryo Not Reported Sagehen Creek Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Nevada, Sierra
Citation:

Influence of nest-box placement and density on abundance and productivity of American kestrels in central Missouri

Author(s)
Toland, Brian R. and William H. Elder
Pages
712-717
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density 0.06 mean pair density in study area (194 km2) pairs per km2 Both Male and Female Adult 5 years rural and urban lands Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding

Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus ssp. nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus ssp. nivosus)

Citation:

Mating system and reproductive success of a small population of polygamous snowy plovers

Author(s)
Warriner, John S., Jane C. Warriner, Gary W. Page and Lynne E. Stenzel
Pages
15-37
Year
Issue
1
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal Mar 9 (females), Mar 24 (males) mean dates of spring migrant arrival to breeding grounds Both Male and Female Adult 44 males, 59 females Pajaro River Mouth Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey
Territory Size <0.5 defended nesting territory size on salt pan habitat ha Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Pajaro River Mouth Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Growth and development of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
75-95
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of body weight at ages 0 - 162 d g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 34 captured at Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 162 d Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 3.04 g Both Male and Female Neonate 9 litters captured at Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets at birth Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative population ecology of eleven species of rodents in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Brown, J. H. and Z. Zeng
Pages
46-63
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 42.8 g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 968 Portal, Cochise County (elev. 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 9 winters Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Energy relationships of the mammals of a desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Alice Eastlake Chew
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Home range and habitat use of coyotes in southeastern Colorado

Author(s)
Gese, Eric M., Orrin J. Rongstad and William R. Mytton
Pages
640-646
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 11.3 mean annual home range of resident coyotes km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 56 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 5.8 SD
Home Range 106.5 mean annual home range of transient coyotes km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 16 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 27.7 SD
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in Iowa

Author(s)
Andrews, Ronald D. and Edward K. Boggess
Pages
249-265
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality 60.9 mean survival rate estimated from population age structure data % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 657 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 20d Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 867 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 30d Laboratory
Citation:

Food and population characteristics of Iowa coyotes

Author(s)
Mathwig, Herbert J.
Pages
167-189
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rabbits (70.6%); livestock (14.0%); mice (10.5%); birds (4.2%) % volume of principal foods in stomachs, body weight range 14.5 - 37.0 lbs % Both Male and Female Not Reported 151 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition plant foods (29.2%); rabbits (27.6%); mice and rats (24.6%); livestock (7.4%) % volume of principal foods in scats % Both Male and Female Not Reported 147 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights kg Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets

Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)

Citation:

Predation by owls in the Sierran foothills of California

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
137-151
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density density based on call counts birds/2000 ac Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 7 counts San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets Madera
Citation:

Red-tailed hawk and horned owl populations in Wisconsin

Author(s)
Orians, Gordon and Frank Kuhlman
Pages
371-385
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density pairs/mi^2 Both Male and Female Adult 12-22 pairs (3 study years) southern Green County Exposure Factor Datasets

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

Habitat selection and breeding biology of loggerhead shrikes in eastern Ontario and Quebec

Author(s)
Chabot, Amy, Rodger D. Titman and David M. Bird
Pages
155-156
Year
Volume
6
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 27-52 pairs/yr eastern Ontario, Quebec Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Effect of vegetation height on hunting behavior and diet of loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven and Thomas C. Grubb, Jr.
Pages
127-131
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Odonata (12.1), Hemiptera (23.0), Coleoptera (22.3), Lepidoptera (7.3), Orthoptera (16.8), Hyla cinerea (7.6), H. squirella (1.7), Gastrophyne carolensis (0.9), Rana spenocephala (0.4), Anolis carolinensis (2.8), Scincella lateralis (4.1), Eumeces inexpectatus (1.0) percent of total prey items caught by observed pairs % Both Male and Female Adult 6 territories Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid Exposure Factor Datasets

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Time of Hatching or Parturition May-early June Both Male and Female Neonate 118 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 61.5 second estrus d Both Male and Female Embryo 4 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Biology of the striped skunk

Author(s)
Verts, B. J.
Pages
182
Publisher
University of Illinois Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 62-66 d Both Male and Female Embryo 3 Exposure Factor Datasets

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Population structure in salt marsh song sparrows Part II: Density, Age Structure, and Maintanance

Author(s)
Johnston, Richard F.
Pages
254-272
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 8-10 pairs/acre Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Clutch or Litter Size 3.14 eggs/nest Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Sylvilagus audubonii

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A. and Gale R. Willner
Pages
1-4
Year
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Carnivore-mouse predation: an example of its intensity and bioenergetics

Author(s)
Pearson, Oliver P.
Pages
177-188
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density see citation figure of seasonal changes in density #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Tilden Park Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density peak density #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Extra-large body size in California voles: causes and fitness consequences

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z., and Richard S. Ostfield
Pages
108-121
Year
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure relating fat content to body weight g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 44 Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa

Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)

Citation:

Breeding behaviors of immature mourning doves

Author(s)
Irby, Harold D. and Lytle H. Blankenship
Pages
598-604
Year
Issue
3
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity year of hatching age of earliest sexual maturity, based on gonad sizes and breeding behaviors Both Male and Female Juvenile 75 males, 66 females near Tuscon Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dispersal of recently fledged mourning doves from nest sites

Author(s)
Hitchcock, Ronald R., and Ralph E. Mirarchi
Pages
581-585
Year
Issue
4
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis 15 age at fledging d Both Male and Female Fledgling 35 broods east-central area Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Life history and productivity of a population of western mourning doves in California

Author(s)
Cowan, John B.
Pages
505-521
Year
Issue
4
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 12-13 age at which young leave nest d Both Male and Female Fledgling Not Reported Gray Lodge State Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets Butte
Citation:

Some aspects of the population ecolgoy of breeding mourning doves in Georgia

Author(s)
Hopkins, Milton N. and Eugene P. Odum
Pages
132-143
Year
Issue
2
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate 48% proportion of nests that were successful Both Male and Female Adult 73 nests southwest and northeast areas Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

An eleven-year summary of mourning dove observations in the west

Author(s)
McClure, H. Elliott
Pages
335-346
Year
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Hatching Success 55.2% percent of nests in which at least one egg hatched % Both Male and Female Adult 335 nest attempts near Bakersfield Exposure Factor Datasets Kern

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The ecology of the deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, in a coastal coniferous forest. I. Population dynamics

Author(s)
Petticrew, B.G. and R.M.F.S. Sadleir
Pages
107-118
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density see citation figure of seasonal changes in density #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported University of British Columbia Research Forest Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Survival/ Mortality range of mean probabilities of survival on three areas by breeding season and sex Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported University of British Columbia Research Forest Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

The effect of extra food on small rodents populations: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Taitt, M.J.
Pages
111-124
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying spring-summer period of peak activity Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Douglas fir forest, Vancouver Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Comparative energetics in two sympatric species of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Mazen, Walter S. and Robert L. Rudd
Pages
573-574
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 14.99 % Both Male and Female Not Reported 36 collected 5 km east of Chico, Butte County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 2.68 SD Laboratory

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris), San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)

Citation:

San Francisco Bay Region Salt Marsh Song Sparrow Survey, 1974

Author(s)
Walton, Brian James
Pages
19
Publisher
California Fish and Game, Special Wildlife Investigations
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density see table 1 Both Male and Female Adult 64 sites San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa breeding

Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)

Citation:

Status and reproduction of the peregrine falcon at a coastal lagoon in Baja California Sur, Mexico

Author(s)
Castellanos, Aradit, Federico Salinas-Zavala and Alfredo Ortega-Rubio
Pages
110-112
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.6 average fledging rate fledglings/active nest Both Male and Female Fledgling 3 breeding pairs Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Density of nesting peregrine falcons in Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T., G. Scott Mills, Richard L. Glinski, and Stephen W. Hoffman
Pages
188-193
Year
Issue
2
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density range of mean distances (SE) between adjacent nests km Both Male and Female Adult 3 sites, 9-26 nests per site Grand Canyon National Park Exposure Factor Datasets breeding

California Red-legged Frog (Rana draytonii formerly Rana aurora ssp. draytonii)

Citation:

Biology of the California red-legged frog: A synopsis

Author(s)
Cook, David
Pages
79-82
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity yrs Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of a kentish plover (Charadrius alexandrius) population in an inland saline lake

Author(s)
Fraga, Rosendo M., and Juan A. Amat
Pages
69-85
Year
Issue
1
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Fledging or Weaning Rate 19.3% Percent of nests in which at least one chick hatched. % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 316 nests Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain Exposure Factor Datasets SPAIN

Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)

Citation:

The influence of starlings on flicker reproduction when both naturally excavated cavities and artificial nest boxes are available

Author(s)
Ingold, Danny J.
Pages
218-225
Year
Issue
2
Volume
110
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Nesting early May to late June time of incubation Both Male and Female Adult 40 pairs near New Concord Exposure Factor Datasets

Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)

Citation:

Homing and reproductive habits of mallards, gadwalls, and blue-winged teal

Author(s)
Lokemoen, John T., Harold F. Duebbert and David E. Sharp
Pages
1-28
Year
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Population Density 4.72 breeding pairs/km2 Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Woodworth study area Exposure Factor Datasets during breeding season
Citation:

The heat production of oiled mallards and scaup

Author(s)
McEwan, E. H. and A.F. Koelink
Pages
27-31
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate increased to 110 kcal/kg/day resting heat production of oiled birds (crude oil) versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 3 birds/treatment Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The Central, Imperial, and Coachella Valleys of California

Author(s)
Heitmeyer, Mickey E., Daniel P. Connelly, and Roger L. Pederson
Pages
475-505
Publisher
Texas Tech University Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 30,438 mean number of ducks counted in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service mid-winter inventories 1978-1987 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food availability and preference of juvenile mallards

Author(s)
Chura, Nicholas J.
Pages
121-134
Year
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Dietary Composition flora (89.4%), fauna (10.6%) Both Male and Female Juvenile 94 Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 36-45 d

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 21.6 % of body mass/d Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.3 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Home range and territoriality of sea otters near Monterey, California

Author(s)
Loughlin, T.R.
Year
Issue
3
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 54 population density, 1975 - 1977 Animals per study area Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 54 Monterey, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 10.6 fat as % of total body weight % Both Male and Female Adult 8 Exposure Factor Datasets winter-acclimatized Laboratory

Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

Citation:

Ecology and management of the bullfrog

Author(s)
Bury, R. B. and J.A. Whelan
Pages
23
Publisher
U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Resource Publication No. 155
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)

Citation:

Artificial burrows provide new insight into burrowing owl nesting biology

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J. and Lawrence J. Blus
Pages
82-85
Year
Issue
3
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Hatching Success based on number of young observed at burrow % Both Male and Female Hatchling 4 burrows Umatillo and Morrow counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavior and ecology of burrowing owls on the Oakland Municipal Airport

Author(s)
Thomsen, Lise
Pages
177-192
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition mammals (35.7%), birds (1.3%), insects (27.7%), vegetation (57.4%) mean percent occurrence in pellets Both Male and Female Not Reported 929 pellets Oakland Airport Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nest site characteristics and reproductive success of burrowing owls (Strigiformes: Strigidae) in Durango, Mexico

Author(s)
Rodriguez-Estrella, Ricardo and Alfredo Ortega-Rubio
Pages
143-148
Year
Issue
1
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Hatching Success 61 proportion of pairs that successfully raised at least one young % Both Male and Female Adult 52 nests Mapimf Biosphere Reserve, Durango (1,000-1,350 m) Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Bats of America

Author(s)
Barbour, R.W. and W.H. Davis
Pages
285
Publisher
University of Kentucky Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:

Growth and age at maturity of North American tortoises in relation to regional climates

Author(s)
Germano, David J.
Pages
918-931
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Growth Rate mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means mm/yr Both Male and Female 36 - 105 animals/site Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts Exposure Factor Datasets 8-12 yrs
Citation:

Changes in desert tortoise populations at four study sites in California

Author(s)
Berry, Kristin H., Lori L. Nicholson, Steve Juarez and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
60-80
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of 95% confidence intervals #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 2 yrs western Mojave desert, Kramer Hills Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population ecology of the desert tortoise at Goffs, San Bernadino County, California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Kristin H. Berry, Betty L. Burge, Page Hayden, Lori Nicholson and Jan Bickett
Pages
68-81
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition autumn hatching Both Male and Female Hatchling Not Reported Fenner Valley, Goffs (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Population dynamics of the kit fox in western Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
122-127
Year
Issue
3
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density population density on 10,359.9 ha study area ha/fox Both Male and Female Adult foxes 9-22 western Utah Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
481-497
Year
Issue
3
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 175 average daily consumption in captivity g/day Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Notes on ecology and food of the Kit fox in Central Utah

Author(s)
Smith, Dwight G.
Pages
96 - 98
Year
Issue
2
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition black-tailed hare (61.4%), cottontail rabbit (7.7%); also Ord's kangaroo rat, deer mouse, pocket mouse, horned lark, unident. passerine, beetle proportion of total prey items identified in stomach contents Both Male and Female Adult 18 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Citation:

Energy expenditure in free-ranging lizards

Author(s)
Bennett, Albert F. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Pages
697-700
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Metabolic Rate 0.049 resting metabolic rate at 20C, estimated as carbon dioxide production rate ml CO2/g/hr Both Male and Female Adult 11 Ecology Research Area, University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets reproductively inactive 0.006SE
Citation:

Seasonal, sexual and altitudinal variations in stomach content and ingested fat in Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Jameson, E.W. Jr., A.A. Heusner and Donna Lem
Pages
255-261
Year
Issue
3
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate 245 estimated average stomach content fresh weight in a 15 g lizard mg Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported central Sierra Nevada (elev., 150m and 1500m) Exposure Factor Datasets

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Reproduction and spacing patterns of kit foxes relative to changing prey availability

Author(s)
White, Patrick J. and Katherine Ralls
Pages
861-867
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density minimum densities of foxes in study area over three years fox /4.1 km2 - 1 fox / 6.5 km2 Both Male and Female Adult 15-22 foxes/year Carrizo Plain Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Prey abundance and food habits of San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes velox macrotis) at Camp Roberts Army National Guard Training Site, California

Author(s)
Logan, Christopher G., William H. Berry, William G. Standley and Thomas T. Kato
Pages
21
Publisher
EG and G Energy Measurements, Inc., Operations Report No. 10617-2158
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Spermophilus beecheyi (35%), soluble material (16.6%), grasshoppers/crickets (12.9%), lagomorphs (12.2%), kangaroo rats (9.1%), miscellaneous (10.2%), deer mice/wood rats (7.7%), birds (5.2%), beetles/weevils (3.5%), vegetation (2.8%), snakes (2.0%), pocket mice (0.8%), pocket gophers (0.5%), lizards (0.2%) frequency of occurrence of prey items found in scat % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 649 scats Camp Roberts Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey, San Luis Obispo

Boreal Toad (Anaxyrus boreas ssp. boreas formerly Bufo boreas ssp. boreas)

Citation:

Aerobic and anaerobic energy expenditure during rest and activity in Montane Bufo boreas boreas and Rana pipiens

Author(s)
Carey, Cynthia
Pages
213-228
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate log AMR = -1.13 +0.067(T) - 0.0008(T)^2 polynomial equation relating active metabolic rate (AMR; cm3 O2/g/hr), measured as oxygen consumption, to body temperature (T, 10-30C) in animals captured no more than a week before testing cm3 O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Adult 49 captured at East River Valley, Gothic, Gunnison county (elev., 3000 - 3355m) Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Northern Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora) formerly Rana aurora ssp. aurora

Citation:

Reproduction and development of the red-legged frog, Rana aurora, in northwestern Washington

Author(s)
Brown, Herbert A.
Pages
241-252
Year
Issue
4
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - Mar. determined by presence of calling males and new egg masses Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Lake Louise Wildlife Sanctuary, Bellingham, Whatcom county (elev., 120m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:

Field metabolism of lizards from lower altitude regions of Baja California Sur (Mexico)

Author(s)
Grenot, Claude J., Patricia Galina-Tessaro and Sergio Alvarez-Cardenas
Pages
11-23
Year
Volume
16
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 8.5 field metabolic rate (estimated by injecting with doubly-labelled water); also expressed as 218 +/- 141SE kJ/kg/d L CO2/kg/d Both Male and Female Adult 5 El Comitan, Baja California Sur Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO 5.5 SE

Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis)

Citation:

Aerobic and anaerobic metabolism during activity in the lizard Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Bennett, Albert F. and William R. Dawson
Pages
289-299
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean 35.2 g Both Male and Female Adult 30 animals originally captured at Riverside County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila formerly Gambelia silus)

Citation:

Growth and reproduction in two closely related species of leopard lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii

Author(s)
Tollestrup, Kristine
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
108
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition July - Aug. Both Male and Female Hatchling Not Reported Pixley National Wildlife Refuge, Delano and Kettleman Hills Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, Kings, Tulare

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Observations of the growth of young brush rabbits

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
298-302
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 25.5 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Golden Gate Park, San Francisco Exposure Factor Datasets 3 d

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Energy requirements and diet of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Schitoskey, Frank, Jr. and Sarah R. Woodmansee
Pages
373-382
Year
Issue
2
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.75 resting oxygen consumption at 25-28C ml O2/g/ h Both Male and Female Adult 26 captured at San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets 0.21 SE Laboratory

Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)

Citation:

Food habits, consumption rates, and predation rates of western rattlesnakes and gopher snakes in southwestern Utah

Author(s)
Diller, Lowell V. and Donald R. Johnson
Pages
228-233
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Population Density 1.2 mean density in 9 habitat types #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Snake Rive Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets 0.6 SD

San Clemente Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus ssp. mearnsi)

Citation:

Natural history and management of the San Clemente loggerhead shrike

Author(s)
Scott, Thomas A. and Michael L. Morrison
Pages
23-57
Year
Issue
2
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range in density of pairs, 4 years pairs/km Both Male and Female Adult 5-13 pairs/year San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Download CSV
Subscribe to Both Male and Female

Comment

Please let us know if the information on this page is helpful for you. Enter your comment and leave your email address if you would like to receive a response. Thank you!
OEHHA is subject to the California Public Records Act and other laws that require the release of certain information upon request. If you provide comments, please be aware that your name, address and e-mail may be available to third parties. In addition, all public comments will be posted on our web site upon the close of the comment period.
OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment