Reptiles

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Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)

Citation:

Ecology of a cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus auduboni) population in central California

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
159 - 184
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate 2 g/d Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative ecology of two snake species (Crotalus viridis and Pituophis melanoleucus) in southwestern Idaho

Author(s)
Diller, Lowell V. and Richard L. Wallace
Pages
343-360
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - Apr. Not Reported Not Reported 455 Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 11.5 g Both Male and Female Neonate 9 Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets 0.3 SD
Body Weight - Mean 45.0 g Male Juvenile 44 Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets 38.9 SD
Citation:

Pituophis melanoleucus (Daudin), Pine, Bull and Gopher Snakes

Author(s)
Sweet, Samuel S. and William S. Parker
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
474
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits, consumption rates, and predation rates of western rattlesnakes and gopher snakes in southwestern Utah

Author(s)
Diller, Lowell V. and Donald R. Johnson
Pages
228-233
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Townsend ground squirrel (8.7%); Mountain conttontail (7.8%); Deer mouse (47.5%); Ord kangaroo rat (4.9%); Great Basin pocket mouse (5.8%); Montane vole (9.7%); House mouse (7.8%); Other species (7.8%) % frequency of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis % Not Reported Not Reported 103 items/405 captures Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Townsend ground squirrel (27.7%); Mountain conttontail (31.6%); Deer mouse (19.0%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.4%); Great Basin pocket mouse (1.8%); Montane vole (6.1%); House mouse (2.8%); Other species (5.5%) % biomass of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis % Not Reported Not Reported 103 items/405 captures Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID Exposure Factor Datasets

Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)

Citation:

Garter snake diets in a fluctuating environment: A seven-year study

Author(s)
Kephart, Donald G. and Stevan J. Arnold
Pages
1232-1236
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Anurans (67%); Fish (11%); Leeches (22%) % of stomachs containing prey item % Not Reported Not Reported 36 Eagle Lake (elev., 1555m) [lat., 40^o33'24"N; long., 120^o47'5" W] Exposure Factor Datasets Lassen
Citation:

Reproductive ecology of the common garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis, at the northern limit of its range

Author(s)
Larsen, Karl W. and Patrick T. Gregory
Pages
336-345
Year
Volume
129
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 12.5 young/litter Female Adult 23 captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 4.95 (SD) Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 2.6 g Not Reported Neonate 187 captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 0.4 SD Laboratory

Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata formerly Clemmys marmorata)

Citation:

Notes on reproduction in Clemmys marmorata

Author(s)
Feldman, Mark
Pages
10-11
Year
Issue
1
Volume
13
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation time from egg to hatching at 25-30C d Not Reported Embryo 13 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Reproductive parameters of Pacific pond turtles Clemmys marmorata in the streams on the coast of central California

Author(s)
Scott, Norman J., Jr., Galen B. Rathbun, Thomas G. Murphey and Margaret B. Harker
Publisher
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 5.69 average clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 81 clutches Arroyo Laguna, Little Pico Creek, Pico Creek and San Simeon Creek Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year range of average number of clutches/yr clutches/yr Female Adult 81 clutches Arroyo Laguna, Little Pico Creek, Pico Creek and San Simeon Creek Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Clemmys marmorata (western pond turtle) size

Author(s)
McKeown, Sean and Dan C. Holland
Pages
59
Year
Issue
2
Volume
16
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 854 maximum reported body weight g Male Adult 450 largest turtle found near Huron Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno
Citation:

Nesting behavior and movements of western pond turtles, Clemmys marmorata

Author(s)
Rathbun, Galen B., Nancy Siepel and Dan Holland
Pages
319-324
Year
Issue
3
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range median daily movement m Not Reported Adult 4 Arroyo Laguna-Oak Knoll Creek, San Simeon Point Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Comparative demography of Clemmys marmorata populations in the Trinity River of California in the context of dam-induced alterations

Author(s)
Reese, Devin A. and Hartwell H. Welsh, Jr
Pages
505-515
Year
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range in density estimates at 2 locations #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Trinity River Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity

Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)

Citation:

Growth and age at maturity of North American tortoises in relation to regional climates

Author(s)
Germano, David J.
Pages
918-931
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Growth Rate mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means mm/yr Both Male and Female 25-69 animals/site Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts Exposure Factor Datasets 12-16 yrs
Citation:

Accelerated growth rate and early maturity in Gopherus agassizi (Reptilia: Testudines)

Author(s)
Jackson, Crawford G., Jr., John A. Trotter, Thomas H. Trotter and Mary W. Trotter
Pages
139-145
Year
Issue
2
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean BW = 0.00049(CL)^2.795 Body Weight (BW;150 - 1500 g) and carapace length (CL; 100-300 mm) relationship g Not Reported 7 data points, each based on the average of 4 animals Exposure Factor Datasets 0-3 yr post-hatch Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 413 g Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr post-hatch 25.3 SE Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 1128 g Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets 2 yr post-hatch 57.6 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive cycle of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in the eastern Mojave desert

Author(s)
Rostal, David C., Valentine A. Lance, Janice S. Grumbles and Allison C. Alberts
Pages
72-82
Year
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - Apr. Both Male and Female Adult 50 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Clutch or Litter Size 4.68 eggs/female eggs/female Female Adult 19 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.3 SE Laboratory
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult 19 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Changes in desert tortoise populations at four study sites in California

Author(s)
Berry, Kristin H., Lori L. Nicholson, Steve Juarez and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
60-80
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality 2.2 annual mortality rate for subadults and adults from 1975 and 1982 %/yr Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Colorado desert, Chemehuevi Wash and Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density range of 95% confidence intervals #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 2 yrs Colorado desert, Chuckwalla Bench Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 2.3 annual mortality rate for subadults and adults from 1973 and 1982 %/yr Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Colorado desert, Chuckwalla Bench Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Egg production by the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) in California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Page Hayden, Betty L. Burge and Jan B. Roberson
Pages
93-104
Year
Issue
1
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year range of means for 3 yrs; overall range = 1-3 clutches/yr Female Adult 20-26 animals Ivanpah Valley, Goffs Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Time of Mating/ Laying May - June egg laying Female Adult 20-26 animals Ivanpah Valley, Goffs Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Studies of the desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii)

Author(s)
Woodbury, Angus M. and Ross Hardy
Pages
145-200
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early summer laying Female Not Reported Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity yr Female Adult Not Reported Beaver Dam Slope, Washington County (elev., 3200-3500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Longevity and age-size relationships of populations of desert tortoises

Author(s)
Germano, David J.
Pages
367-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
1992
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity age estimated from scute annuli; oldest individual measured yr Not Reported Adult 574 Mojave, Sonoran and Sinaloan deserts Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Changes in a desert tortoise (Gopherus agassizii) population after a period of high mortality

Author(s)
Germano, David J. and Michele A. Joyner
Pages
190-198
Publisher
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, General Technical Report RM-166
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Error
Population Density 59 #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Piute Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 19-173 (95% CI)
Citation:

Population ecology of the desert tortoise at Goffs, San Bernadino County, California

Author(s)
Turner, Frederick B., Kristin H. Berry, Betty L. Burge, Page Hayden, Lori Nicholson and Jan Bickett
Pages
68-81
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.17 estimated by x-ray examination eggs/clutch Female Adult 35 clutches Fenner Valley, Goffs (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 0.22SE
Citation:

Estimated density and distribution of the desert tortoise at Fort Irwin, National Training Center and Goldstone Space Communications Complex

Author(s)
Woodman, A. Peter, Stephen M. Juarez, Eugene D. Humphreys, Karen Kirtland and Lawrence F. LaPre
Pages
81-99
Publisher
Desert Tortoise Council
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of population densities in % of area (800 mi2) surveyed #/mi2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Fort Irwin National Training Center and Goldstone Space Communication Center, Barstow Exposure Factor Datasets

San Joaquin Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. biseriatus)

Citation:

Reproduction in mountain and lowland populations of the lizard Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
176-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
1974
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year 1-3 clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported Puente Hills, Whittier (elev., 150 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Clutches or Litters per year 1-2 clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported San Gabriel Mountains, Crystal Lake (elev., 1584 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Citation:

Autumnal diet of the San Joaquin fenze lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis biseriatus in west-central Nevada

Author(s)
Clark, William H.
Pages
73-75
Year
Issue
1
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition insecta (97%); arachnida (0.8%); plants (0.3%); unidentified (1.6%) % of total food dry weight, based on stomach contents % Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 18 southern Washoe County (elev., 1150-1450m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Northwestern Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis ssp. occidentalis)

Citation:

Home range in the western fence lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis occidentalis)

Author(s)
Davis, John and R. Glenn Ford
Pages
933-940
Year
Issue
4
Volume
1983
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Condition
Home Range 120.96 home range reported as minimum area probability (0.95 level); minimum area which will contain a given proportion (95%) of the total observations of the average individual m2 Male 23 animals Hastings Natural History Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Monterey breeding
Home Range 76.25 home range reported as minimum area probability (0.95 level); minimum area which will contain a given proportion (95%) of the total observations of the average individual m2 Female 48 animals Hastings Natural History Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Monterey breeding
Home Range 131.92 home range reported as minimum area probability (0.95 level); minimum area which will contain a given proportion (95%) of the total observations of the average individual m2 Male 36 animals Hastings Natural History Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Monterey nonbreeding

Desert Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana ssp. stejnegeri)

Citation:

Density, growth and home range of the lizard Uta stansburiana steinegeri in southern Dona Ana county, New Mexico

Author(s)
Worthington, Richard D. and Edward R. Arvizo
Pages
124-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Growth Rate 0.034 increase in snout-vent length, initial snout-vent length range, 48-53 mm mm/d Female Not Reported 10 Dona Ana county [lat., 31^o47'10" N; long., 106^o35'05"W], (elev., 1250m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 0.028 increase in snout-vent length, initial snout-vent length range, 41-46 mm mm/d Male Not Reported 10 Dona Ana county [lat., 31^o47'10" N; long., 106^o35'05"W], (elev., 1250m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dry and wet year comparisons of clutch and adult body sizes of Uta stansburiana stejnegeri

Author(s)
Worthington, Richard D.
Pages
332-334
Year
Issue
3
Volume
16
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 2.5 based on number of enlarged vitellogenic ovarian follicles (>2 mm) or oviductal eggs during a "dry" year eggs/clutch Female Adult 8 Anapra, Dona Ana county Exposure Factor Datasets 0.38

Red-spotted Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. concinnus)

Citation:

Some observations on the natural history of two Oregon garter snakes (Genus Thamnophis)

Author(s)
Stewart, Glenn R.
Pages
71-86
Year
Volume
2
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 1 yr Male Adult Not Reported Willamette Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 2 yr Female Adult Not Reported Willamette Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 8.2 determined by palpation young/litter Female Adult 18 Willamette Valley Exposure Factor Datasets

Red-sided Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. parietalis)

Citation:

An ecological study of the garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
493-564
Year
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 22.7 circular home range estimated from radius acres Female Adult 102 Douglas and Jefferson Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Temperature-dependent shifts in the metabolism of a cool temperate reptile, Thanmophis sirtalis parietalis

Author(s)
Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
495-503
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean g Both Male and Female Not Reported 60 captured at Winnipeg, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of oxygen consumption at 5-27C ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Not Reported 60 captured at Winnipeg, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Eastern Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. sirtalis)

Citation:

Influence of pregnancy on oxygen consumption, heart rate and hematology in the garter snake: Implications for the "cost of reproduction" in live bearing reptiles

Author(s)
Birchard, Geoffrey F., Craig P. Black, Gordon W. Schuett and Virginia Black
Pages
519-523
Year
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 30.3 g Male Adult 6 captured in Michigan and Ohio Exposure Factor Datasets 2.0 SE Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 52.1 g Female Adult 3 captured in Michigan and Ohio Exposure Factor Datasets non-pregnant 4.4 SE Laboratory

San Francisco Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. tetrataenia)

Citation:

Captive reproduction of the San Francisco garter snake, Thamnophis sirtalis tetrataenia

Author(s)
Cover, John F., Jr. and Donal M. Boyer
Pages
29-33
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation d Female Adult 6 Dallas and Fort Worth Zoos, TX Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Age at Sexual Maturity 1 yr, 273d yr,d Female Adult 1 Dallas and Ft. Worth Zoos Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila formerly Gambelia silus)

Citation:

Gambelia sila (blunt-nosed leopard lizard): Reproduction

Author(s)
Germano, David J. and Daniel F. Williams
Pages
117-118
Year
Issue
4
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult 11 Elkhorn Plain Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Growth and reproduction in two closely related species of leopard lizards, Gambelia silus and Gambelia wislizenii

Author(s)
Tollestrup, Kristine
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
108
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Growth Rate 11.8 increase in snout-vent length before retreat in Oct. mm/mo Both Male and Female Hatchling 2 Pixley National Wildlife Refuge, Delano and Kettleman Hills Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, Kings, Tulare
Growth Rate increase in snout-vent length for juvenile to 9 mo period mm/mo Both Male and Female Juvenile 7 Pixley National Wildlife Refuge, Delano and Kettleman Hills Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, Kings, Tulare
Citation:

Observations on the San Joaquin leopard lizard, Crotaphytus wislizenii silus Stenjneger

Author(s)
Montanucci, Richard R.
Pages
270-283
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - May time of mating Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Tulare

Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis)

Citation:

Seasonal variations in activity, aerobic energetic capacities, and plasma thryoid hormones (T3 and T4) in an iguanid lizard

Author(s)
John-Alder, Henry B.
Pages
409-419
Year
Volume
154
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate range of maximal rates of oxygen consumption measured at 40C, predicted for 50 g animal, at 5 collection dates ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Adult 11-21/date Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Ontogenetic changes in diet, field metabolic rate, and water flux in the herbivorous lizard, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Mautz, William J. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Pages
640-658
Year
Issue
6
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - Mar. Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Time of Hatching or Parturition Aug. Not Reported Hatchling Not Reported Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Reproduction in the desert lizard, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Mayhew, Wilbur W.
Pages
57-77
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - July time of potential breeding based on testis volume Male Adult 365 Dale Dry Lake, Palm Springs and Algodones Dunes Exposure Factor Datasets Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino
Clutches or Litters per year 1 clutch/yr Female Adult Not Reported Dale Dry Lake, Palm Springs and Algodones Dunes Exposure Factor Datasets Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino
Citation:

Hibernation in the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Moberly, Walter R.
Pages
152-160
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of resting oxygen consumption in hibernating and non-hibernating lizards at several body temperatures cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 60 Palm Springs Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dipsosaurus (Hallowell), Desert Iguana

Author(s)
Hulse, Arthur C.
Pages
1-6
Year
Volume
542
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Metabolic Rate review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Life history of the desert iguana, Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Krekorian, C. O'Neil
Pages
415-424
Year
Issue
4
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 9.2 g Not Reported Juvenile 65 Thousand Palms Exposure Factor Datasets 7-8 mo Riverside 2.1 SD
Citation:

The ecology of the desert iguana Dipsosaurus dorsalis

Author(s)
Norris, Kenneth S.
Pages
265-287
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/clutch Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)

Citation:

Energy expenditure in free-ranging lizards

Author(s)
Bennett, Albert F. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Pages
697-700
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 11.9 g Both Male and Female Adult 11 Ecology Research Area, University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.6SE
Body Weight - Mean 4.4 g Not Reported Juvenile 5 Ecology Research Area, University of California, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.5SE
Citation:

Fat and breeding cycles in two montane populations of Sceloporus occidentalis (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguandidae)

Author(s)
Jameson, E.W. Jr. and Allen Allison
Pages
211-220
Year
Issue
3
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Sept. - May or June Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported red fir forest, Donner Summit, central Sierra Nevada (elev., 2200m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying June - July time of laying Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported central Sierra Nevada (elev., 1500 or 2200m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal, sexual and altitudinal variations in stomach content and ingested fat in Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Jameson, E.W. Jr., A.A. Heusner and Donna Lem
Pages
255-261
Year
Issue
3
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Food Ingestion Rate 249 mean measured stomach content fresh weight of lizard averaging 8.1 g mg Female Not Reported 194 valley grassland (elev., 150m), central Sierra Nevada Exposure Factor Datasets 180SD
Food Ingestion Rate 223 mean measured stomach content fresh weight of lizard averaging 11.3 g mg Male Not Reported 256 animals yellow pine forest (elev., 1500m), central Sierra Nevada Exposure Factor Datasets 171SD
Citation:

Seasonal profiles of standard metabolic rate of lizards (Sceloporus occidentalis) in relation to latitude

Author(s)
Tsuji, Joyce S.
Pages
230-240
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean range of means for 6 monthly sampling periods; mean snout-vent length range, 68.5 - 76.8 mm g Male Adult 7-12 animals/month Chatsworth [lat., 34^o25' N] Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate range of means of whole animal standard metabolic rate estimated by oxygen consumption at 10C for 6 monthly measurements on lizards captured less than 3 d ml O2/hr Male Adult 7-12 animals/month captured at Chatsworth [lat., 34^o25' N] Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Relation of oxygen consumption to body weight, temperature, and temperature acclimation in lizards Uta stansburiana and Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Dawson, William R. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
40-51
Year
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate OC = 1.17W^0.64 equation relating resting oxygen consumption (OC) to body weight (W, g) at 30C cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 2-5/weight group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate OC = 1.66W^0.57 equation relating resting oxygen consumption (OC) to body weight (W, g) at 35C cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 2-5/weight group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Habitat preference and the distribution of Uta stansburiana and Sceloporus occidentalis in coastal California

Author(s)
Davis, John and Nicholaas A. M. Verbeek
Pages
643-649
Year
Volume
1972
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Nov-Dec. (begin) Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Hastings Reservation, Carmel Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Coachella Valley Fringe-toed Lizard (Uma inornata)

Citation:

Reproduction in the sand-dwelling lizard Uma inornata

Author(s)
Mayhew, Wilbur W.
Pages
39-55
Year
Issue
1
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 2.8 eggs/clutch Female Adult 61 Coachella Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - Aug. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Coachella Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)

Citation:

The life and demography of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana

Author(s)
Tinkle, Donald W.
Pages
1 - 182
Year
Volume
132
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.2 average clutch size based on counts of yolked follicles, eggs or corpora lutea eggs/clutch Female Adult 256 Mesa County Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition June - Oct. based on hatchling observations Not Reported Embryo Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate range of average male and female growth rates, based on increases in snout-vent length mm/d Both Male and Female Hatchling 418 - 496/sex Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproduction in a mountain population of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana (Reptilia, Lacertilia, Iguanidae)

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
31-35
Year
Issue
1
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult 162 San Gabriel Mountains (elev., 1585-1829m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 eggs/clutch Female Adult 162 San Gabriel Mountains (elev., 1585-1829m) Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles
Citation:

The life history of the side-blotched lizard, Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, in north-central Oregon

Author(s)
Nussbaum, Ronald A. and Lowell V. Diller
Pages
243-260
Year
Issue
4
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Female Adult Not Reported Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.33 eggs/clutch Female Adult 87 Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.08 SE
Citation:

Home range, growth, and population density of Uta stansburiana in Arizona

Author(s)
Parker, William S.
Pages
135-139
Year
Issue
2
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Growth Rate 0.79 growth rate estimated by increase in snout-vent length (mm), snout-vent length range 40-50 mm mm/mo Female Not Reported 30 Phoenix South Mountain, Maricopa county Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 0.94 growth rate estimated by increase in snout-vent length (mm), snout-vent length range 40-50mm mm/mo Male Not Reported 10 Phoenix South Mountain, Maricopa county Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Latitudinal variation in activity season mortality rates of the lizard Uta stansburiana

Author(s)
Wilson, Byron S.
Pages
393-414
Year
Issue
4
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality range of early activity season (spring to summer) mortality rates measured over 3 yrs deaths/100 lizards/d Not Reported Adult 90-169/yr Chuckwalla Mountains (elev., 460m), [lat., 33^o37'N; long., 115^o18' W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Survival/ Mortality range of early activity season (spring to summer) mortality rates measured over 3 yrs deaths/100 lizards/d Not Reported Adult 33-48/yr Panamint Valley (elev., 790m), [lat., 36^o20'N; long., 117^o30' W] Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo
Citation:

Relation of oxygen consumption to body weight, temperature, and temperature acclimation in lizards Uta stansburiana and Sceloporus occidentalis

Author(s)
Dawson, William R. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
40-51
Year
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate OC = 0.60W^0.64 equation relating resting oxygen consumption (OC) to body weight (W, g) at 20C cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 2-5/weight group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate OC = 1.30W^0.47 equation relating resting oxygen consumption (OC) to body weight (W, g) at 30C cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 2-5/weight group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Food habits of seven species of lizards from Malheur county, southeastern Oregon

Author(s)
Whitaker, John O. Jr. and Chris Maser
Pages
202-208
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Orthoptera (31.3%); Coleoptera (5.7%); Hymenoptera (3.8%); Hemiptera (20.0%); Homoptera (1.9%); Lepidoptera (14.4%); Araneida (16.3%) % volume in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 8 Owyhee Upland Province Exposure Factor Datasets

Island Night Lizard (Xantusia riversiana)

Citation:

Ecology of the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana, on Santa Barbara Island, California

Author(s)
Fellers, Gary M. and Charles A. Drost
Pages
28-78
Year
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Longevity 13.4 estimated from largest lizard (snout-vent length, 102.5 mm)and known growth rates yr Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Santa Barbara Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate 0.022 increase in snout-vent length (34-40 mm size class) mm/d Not Reported Not Reported Santa Barbara Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0.8 yr 0.002 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R. and Robert L. Bezy
Pages
350-360
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Mar. - June time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Clemente, San Nicolas and Santa Barbara Islands Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of the island night lizard, Xantusia riversiana reticulata, from San Clemente Island

Author(s)
Schwenkmeyer, Richard C.
Pages
1-3
Year
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Animal matter (68.8%), includes Arachnids (15.9%); Insects (50.4%); Crustaceans (2.6%); Plant matter (30.9%) % of total content of stomachs % Not Reported Not Reported 18 San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets

California Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis)

Citation:

Reproduction in the striped racer, Masticophis lateralis

Author(s)
Goldberg, Stephen R.
Pages
361-363
Year
Volume
9
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 7.21 based on oviducal egg count eggs/female Female Adult 19 Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles, San Diego

Western Skink (Eumeces skiltonianus)

Citation:

Variation in clutch and litter size in New World reptiles

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
28
Year
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 4.7 eggs/clutch Female Adult 6 Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino

California Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis), Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)

Citation:

Reproduction and food of some California snakes

Author(s)
Cunningham, John D.
Pages
17-19
Year
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size eggs/female Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets Los Angeles, Mariposa, Tuolumne
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