Reptiles
Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | mo | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 446 | home range estimted by convex polygon method (maximum was 810m2) | m2 | Male | Adult | 15 | Phoenix South Mountain, Maricopa county | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Home Range | 121 | home range estimted by convex polygon method (maximum was 202 m2) | m2 | Female | Adult | 15 | Phoenix South Mountain, Maricopa county | Exposure Factor Datasets |
California Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis), Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | eggs/female | Female | Adult | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles, Mariposa, Tuolumne |
Gopher Snake (Pituophis catenifer formerly Pituophis melanoleucus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Cottontail (37.1%); Ground squirrel (27.9%); Woodrat (18.6%); Bird egg (5.3%); Gopher (4.0%); Other (7.1%) | percentage of total prey weight palped from stomachs | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 70 prey items | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Population Density | 0.6 | #/acre | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Food Ingestion Rate | 2 | g/d | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (8.7%); Mountain conttontail (7.8%); Deer mouse (47.5%); Ord kangaroo rat (4.9%); Great Basin pocket mouse (5.8%); Montane vole (9.7%); House mouse (7.8%); Other species (7.8%) | % frequency of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 103 items/405 captures | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (27.7%); Mountain conttontail (31.6%); Deer mouse (19.0%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.4%); Great Basin pocket mouse (1.8%); Montane vole (6.1%); House mouse (2.8%); Other species (5.5%) | % biomass of prey ingested based on stomach content and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 103 items/405 captures | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Population Density | 1.2 | mean density in 9 habitat types | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Snake Rive Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.6 SD | ||
| Food Ingestion Rate | 1.6 | % body weight consumed per day | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 43 | captive in outdoor enclosures at Snake River Birds of Prey Area | Exposure Factor Datasets | Age class 1 and older | 0.82 SD | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.5 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 33 | "west coast" | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Ground squirrel (44.3%); Woodrat (29.5%); Cottontail (19.7%); Quail egg (8.4%); Pocket gopher (6.4%); Mouse (4.4%); Meadow mouse (3.4%); Fence lizard (1.5%); Kangaroo rat (1.3%); Pocket mouse (0.6%); Broad-shouldered lizard (0.4%) | % of total food items recovered from stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 72 food items | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Home Range | 460 | median distance traveled between recaptures | ft | Both Male and Female | Adult | 25 | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | log VO2 = 0.013 + 0.049T | equation for oxygen consumption (logarithm of VO2; ul O2/g-h) as a function of body temperature (15-30C) | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 11 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
| Body Weight - Mean | 655 | g | Not Reported | Adult | 11 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Inhalation Rate | 363 (15C); 508 (20C); 709 (25C); 999 (30C) | ventilation volume [ml (BTPS)/kg/hr) measured at 15-30 C | ml/kg/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 7 | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
| Metabolic Rate | 5.6 (15C); 9.8 (20C); 17.3 (25C); 30.4 (30C) | oxygen consumption rates measured at body temperatures of 15-30C | ml O2/kg/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 4/temp | captured at Riverside, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | resting | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 8.8 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 38 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 33.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 68 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 15 d | 6 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (10.6%); Mountain conttontail (11.6%); Deer mouse (43.3%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.8%); Great Basin pocket mouse (5.8%); Montane vole (9.6%); House mouse (6.7%); Other species (6.7%) | % frequency of prey based on stomach contents and scats | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 104 prey items/455 snakes | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Dietary Composition | Townsend ground squirrel (30.3%); Mountain conttontail (34.4%); Deer mouse (15.8%); Ord kangaroo rat (5.9%); Great Basin pocket mouse (1.7%); Montane vole (5.6%); House mouse (2.2%); Other species (4.1%) | % biomass of prey based on stomach contents and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 104 prey items/455 snakes | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Oct. - Apr. | Not Reported | Not Reported | 455 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 11.5 | g | Both Male and Female | Neonate | 9 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.3 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 45.0 | g | Male | Juvenile | 44 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 38.9 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 59.8 | g | Female | Juvenile | 59 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 43.0 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 238.4 | g | Male | Adult | 231 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 101.5 SD | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 267.9 | g | Female | Adult | 90 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 123.0 SD | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 6.9 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 20 | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.10 SD | |
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | Oct. | Not Reported | Hatchling | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - July | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 125 | d | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 3 | yr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Snake River Birds of Prey Area, southwestern ID | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 548 | g | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.324/(37.4 - T) | resting oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 10-35C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.198T - 0.126 | active oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 10-29C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | OC = 0.0101T + 0.162 | active oxygen consumption (OC) as a function of body temperature (T; 29-35C) | ml O2/g/hr | Not Reported | Adult | 14 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of abundance along a transect crossing 3 habitat types | #/km | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Corral Hollow Road (elev. 91 - 488 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda, San Joaquin |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Giant Garter Snake (Thamnophis gigas)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 23.1 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 18 | captured in Fresno and Sacramento counties, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Common Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Slug (1.4%); Earthworm (23.6%); Frog, Rana (6.9%); Toad, Bufo and Scaphiopus (30.5%); Tree Toad (20.8%); Leech (4.0%); Tadpole (10%); Minnow (1.4%); Unidentified fish (1.4%) | % of total recorded food items | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 48 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of site means based on sum of live and dead young and undeveloped eggs at parturition | young/litter | Female | Adult | 4 - 30/site | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA | |
| Body Weight - Mean | range of site means | g | Not Reported | Neonate | 48 - 203/site | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Anurans (67%); Fish (11%); Leeches (22%) | % of stomachs containing prey item | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 36 | Eagle Lake (elev., 1555m) [lat., 40^o33'24"N; long., 120^o47'5" W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Lassen |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 12.5 | young/litter | Female | Adult | 23 | captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada | Exposure Factor Datasets | 4.95 (SD) | Laboratory |
| Body Weight - Mean | 2.6 | g | Not Reported | Neonate | 187 | captured at Wood Buffalo National Park, Canada | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.4 SD | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 41 | g | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 160 | Kyburz Flat | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra | |
| Dietary Composition | Hyla (55.5%); Catostomus (21.8%); Microtus (5.4%); Rhinichthys (11.5%) | % of total volume of stomach contents | % | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | <110 | Kyburz Flat | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | minimum and maximum mean annual clutch size | young/litter | Female | Adult | 158 over 9 yrs | National History Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | range of probability of surviving from spring of one year to spring of next year | % | Male | Adult | 43 - 132/yr for 3 yrs | Wood Buffalo National Park (lat., 59^o49'N; long., 112^oW) | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 3.15 | maximal oxygen consumption at 30C | ml O2/hr | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 245 | gravid adults captured near Lassen, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | mean age, 31.6 d; range 11-58 d | 0.845 SD | Laboratory |
| Body Weight - Mean | 2.2 | g | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 245 | Exposure Factor Datasets | mean age, 31.6 d; range 11-58d | 0.350 SD | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | amphibians (41); earthworms (24); birds (1); leeches (1); misc. invertebrates (4); unidentified (13); empty (100) | number of stomach examinations yielding various food types | # | Not Reported | Not Reported | 179 | Vancouver Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat (total or %) | % lipid of whole animal (not including stomach contents) | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 | Pilot Island, Lake Michigan | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Western Pond Turtle (Actinemys marmorata formerly Clemmys marmorata)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Algae (2.00); Nematomorpha (0.25); Crustacea (2.55); Araneae (0.15); Odonata nymphs (10.15); Ephemeroptera nymphs (4.60); Trichoptera larvae (17.25); Hemiptera nymphs (0.58); Hemiptera adults (0.41); Orthoptera adults (1.60); Coleoptera larvae (7.95); Coleoptera adults (0.48); Diptera larvae (4.45), Diptera adults (0.30); Osteichthyes (0.90); Amphibia (1.20); Other (0.80) | volume (cc) of food items in stomach contents determined by water displacement | cc | Not Reported | Juvenile | 30 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 750m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Dietary Composition | Algae (18.00); Other vegetation (0.30); Nematomorpha (0.05); Crustacea (10.10); Araneae (0.15); Odonata nymphs (4.05); Ephemeroptera nymphs (0.15); Trichoptera larvae (19.80); Hemiptera nymphs (0.40); Hemiptera adults (0.30); Orthoptera adults (0.55); Coleoptera larvae (5.15); Coleoptera adults (0.30); Diptera larvae (0.66), Diptera adults (0.10); Osteichthyes (0.20); Amphibia (4.05); Other (1.35) | volume (cc) of food items in stomach contents determined by water displacement | cc | Female | Adult | 27 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 750m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Dietary Composition | Algae (4.00); Other vegetation (0.50); Crustacea (5.55); Odonata nymphs (5.00); Ephemeroptera nymphs (2.91); Trichoptera larvae (7.40); Hemiptera nymphs (0.10); Hemiptera adults (0.10); Orthoptera adults (0.20); Coleoptera larvae (0.75); Coleoptera adults (0.10); Diptera larvae (9.15); Osteichthyes (10.90); Amphibia (7.80); Other (0.50) | volume (cc) of food items in stomach contents determined by water displacement | cc | Male | Adult | 20 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 750m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 4 | Umpqua River, Roseburg, Douglas County | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | time from egg to hatching at 25-30C | d | Not Reported | Embryo | 13 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 854 | maximum reported body weight | g | Male | Adult | 450 | largest turtle found near Huron | Exposure Factor Datasets | Fresno |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | median daily movement | m | Not Reported | Adult | 4 | Arroyo Laguna-Oak Knoll Creek, San Simeon Point | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo |
| Home Range | mean daily movement | m | Not Reported | Adult | 4 | Arroyo Laguna-Oak Knoll Creek, San Simeon Point | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 214 | density also reported as 333-347 turtles/mile of stream or 85 turtles/acre | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 578 marked turtles | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 976 | "distance between extremes" or maximum range on a linear scale | m | Male | Adult | 19 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 248 | "distance between extremes" or maximum range on a linear scale | m | Female | Adult | 23 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 363 | "distance between extremes" or maximum range on a linear scale | m | Not Reported | Juvenile | 18 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 400 | average distance moved along stream between relocations | m | Male | Adult | 19 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 104 | average distance moved along stream between relocations | m | Female | Adult | 23 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Home Range | 133 | average distance moved along stream between relocations | m | Not Reported | Juvenile | 18 | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Oct. - May | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 578 marked turtles | Hayfork Creek (elev., 610m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Sept. - Mar. | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Clutch or Litter Size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 7 | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - Aug. | time of egg deposition | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | lb, oz | Both Male and Female | Adult | 9 | Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.69 | average clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 81 clutches | Arroyo Laguna, Little Pico Creek, Pico Creek and San Simeon Creek | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Clutches or Litters per year | range of average number of clutches/yr | clutches/yr | Female | Adult | 81 clutches | Arroyo Laguna, Little Pico Creek, Pico Creek and San Simeon Creek | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range in density estimates at 2 locations | #/ha | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Trinity River | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity |
Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Oct. - Dec. (begin), Mar.-June (end) | Both Male and Female | Adult | 9 | San Pedro River Valley, Pinal County [lat., 32^o38'N; long., 110^o34'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 19 | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 14 | Picacho Mountains, Pinal County | Exposure Factor Datasets | 4.6 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | #/mi2 | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | South West Pinto Basin, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside | |
| Body Weight - Mean | maximum carapace length range = 161 - 243 mm | kg | Female | Adult | 18 | South West Pinto Basin, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside |
| Body Weight - Mean | maximum carapace length range = 169-279 mm | kg | Male | Adult | 19 | South West Pinto Basin, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside |
| Body Weight - Mean | maximum carapace length range = 60 - 145 mm | kg | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9 | South West Pinto Basin, Joshua Tree National Monument | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 3.28 | median carapace length = 254.3 mm | kg | Male | Adult | 55 | City Creek and Paradise Canyon, Washington County, UT and Littlefield, Mohave County, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.56 SD |
| Body Weight - Mean | 2.65 | median carapace length = 237.6 mm | kg | Female | Adult | 20 | City Creek and Paradise Canyon, Washington County, UT and Littlefield, Mohave County, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.39 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | determined from ages at which females exceeded the minimum carapace length for tortoises with eggs | yr | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Growth Rate | mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means | mm/yr | Both Male and Female | 33 - 101 animals/site | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0-4 yrs | |
| Growth Rate | mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means | mm/yr | Both Male and Female | 38 - 112 animals/site | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | 4-8 yrs | |
| Growth Rate | mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means | mm/yr | Both Male and Female | 36 - 105 animals/site | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | 8-12 yrs | |
| Growth Rate | mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means | mm/yr | Both Male and Female | 12 - 41 animals/site | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | 16-20 yrs | |
| Growth Rate | mean yearly growth rates using calculated carapace lengths over 4 yr intervals; range of 4 site-specific means | mm/yr | Both Male and Female | 25-69 animals/site | Western and Eastern Mojave, Sinaloan and Sonoran deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets | 12-16 yrs |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | age estimated from scute annuli; oldest individual measured | yr | Not Reported | Adult | 574 | Mojave, Sonoran and Sinaloan deserts | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 59 | #/km2 | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Piute Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | 19-173 (95% CI) | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | range of per capita mortality rates (k) for 2 time periods | /yr | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 115-130 animals/time period | Piute Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | BW = 0.000505(CL)^2.826 | regression of carapace length (CL; 80 - 260mm) to body weight (BW; g) | g | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 53 | Piute Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3 | estimated from eggshell fragments in nest | eggs/nest | Female | Adult | 15 nests | Fremont Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
| Population Density | 300 | #/mi2 | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Fremont Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Threeawn (Aristida spp., 22 +/- 6%); Globemallow (Sphaeralcea spp., 21 +/- 6%); Slim tridens (Tridens muticus, 20 +/- 7%); Foxtail brome (Bromus rubens, 19 +/- 3%); Red grama (Bouteloua trifida, 6 +/- 3%) and Sedge (Carex spp., 3 +/- 1%) | % of each food item in fecal pellets (mean +/- SD) | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 66 fecal pellets | Lower Grand Canyon, Mohave County (elev. 450 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | Threeawn (Aristida spp., 16 +/- 5%); Globemallow (Sphaeralcea spp., 6 +/- 3%); Slim tridens (Tridens muticus, 50 +/- 8%); Bush muhly (Muhlenbergia porteri, 17 +/- 7%); and Slender janusia (Janusia gracilis, 11 +/- 5%) | % of each food item in fecal pellets (mean +/- SD) | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 18 fecal pellets | New Water Mountains, Yuma County (elev. 490 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | Foxtail brome (Bromus rubens, 64 +/- 4%); Redstem filaree (Erodium cicutarium, 23 +/- 5%); Common winterfat (Eurotia lanata, 6 +/- 4%) and Vetch (Astragalus and Oxytropis, 4 +/- 2%) | % of each food item in fecal pellets (mean +/- SD) | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 30 fecal pellets | Beaver Dam Wash, Washington County (elev. 1000 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
