Mammals

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Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Social distribution and population estimates of coyotes in north-central Montana

Author(s)
Pyrah, Duane
Pages
670-690
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 9.7 mean den area; land area around a den or rendezvous used by group km2 Male Adult 12 Missouri River Breaks Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups kg Male Juvenile 19-35 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 - 2.0 yrs
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups kg Female Juvenile 22 - 32 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 - 2.0 yrs
Citation:

Food habits of the coyote in California

Author(s)
Ferrel, Carol M., Howard R. Leach and Daniel F. Tillotson
Pages
301-341
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodent (24.4%); deer (9.2%); other stock (7.6%); rabbit (26.4%); misc. (10.3%); sheep (5.3%); bird (8.2%); vegetation (8.6%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 297 southern region Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal Oct. - Nov. Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 68 km2 Male Adult 25 Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavioral ecology of coyotes on the National Elk Refuge, Jackson, Wyoming

Author(s)
Camenzind, Franz J.
Pages
267-296
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.45 #/litter Female Adult Not Reported National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SD
Population Density 0.77 #/km2 Not Reported Pup Not Reported National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SD
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate 0.31 kg/wk Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 8 wks Laboratory
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 30 d Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Some observations on the behavioral and morphological development of coyote pups

Author(s)
Snow, Carol J.
Pages
353-355
Year
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning wks Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Canis latrans

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: Coyotes and kit foxes

Author(s)
Golightly, Richard T. and Robert D. Ohmart
Pages
624 - 635
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.0015 basal metabolic rate at 22-26C estimated via oxygen consumption watts/g Both Male and Female Not Reported 3 captured in Maricopa County, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodents (53%); fruits and seeds (32%); deer (20%); insects (19%); avian (19%); lagomorphs (11%); armadillo (9%); cattle (6%); reptile (4%) overall % occurrence in scats % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 361 scats Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Summer foods of coyotes at Rocky Flats, Colorado

Author(s)
Ribic, Christine A.
Pages
152-153
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition grass species (78%); meadow vole (73%); northern pocket gopher (43%); insects (40%); passerines (30%); lagomorphs (24%); cricetid mice (19%); mule deer (13%) % occurrence of food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 54 Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Plant, Denver Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Evaluation of several indices for assessment of coyote (Canis latrans) body composition

Author(s)
Huot, Jean, Marie-Lazarine Poulle and Michel Crete
Pages
1620-1624
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Fat (total or %) 12.08 body fat content % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 22 Quebec Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 7.36 SD
Citation:

Food and population characteristics of Iowa coyotes

Author(s)
Mathwig, Herbert J.
Pages
167-189
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rabbits (70.6%); livestock (14.0%); mice (10.5%); birds (4.2%) % volume of principal foods in stomachs, body weight range 14.5 - 37.0 lbs % Both Male and Female Not Reported 151 Exposure Factor Datasets

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Size and spatial organization of home ranges of kit foxes in Arizona

Author(s)
Zoellick, Bruce W. and Norman S. Smith
Pages
83-88
Year
Issue
1
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 9.8 home range as calculated with the grid-cell method km2 Female Adult 3 foxes 7.5 km NW Tonopah Exposure Factor Datasets 0.1.4 SE
Home Range 12.3 home range as calculated with the grid-cell method km2 Male Adult 4 foxes 7.5 km NW Tonopah Exposure Factor Datasets 1.0 SE

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 107.6 g Male Juvenile 7 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 5 wks Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 86.2 g Female Juvenile 1 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 5 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolism of weasels: The cost of being long and thin

Author(s)
Brown, James H. and Robert C. Lasiewski
Pages
939-943
Year
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 297 g Male Adult Not Reported captured in White Pine County, NV Exposure Factor Datasets 36 SD Laboratory
Citation:

Mustela frenata

Author(s)
Sheffield, Steven R. and Howard H. Thomas
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
570
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 2.05 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 5 animals Bearville study area; Itasca county Exposure Factor Datasets > 2 years 0.38 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 4.28 pups/litter Female Adult 118 litters Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Parameters of population and seasonal activity of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in Alberta and Saskatchewan

Author(s)
Schowalter, David B. and John R. Gunson
Pages
409-420
Year
Issue
4
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 4.7 kg Male Juvenile 18 juveniles SasKatchewan; Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.5 SD
Citation:

Mephitis mephitis

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and B.J. Verts
Pages
1-7
Year
Volume
173
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation review Both Male and Female Embryo Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecological aspects of winter dormancy in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Mutch, Graham G. R. and Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
607-615
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 10.1 % Male Adult 5 Delta Marsh Mannitoba Exposure Factor Datasets 2.1 SE Laboratory

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Movements, home range, and territories of male sea otters off central California

Author(s)
Jameson, Ronald J.
Pages
159-172
Year
Issue
2
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 40.3 ha Male Adult 10 Central coast Exposure Factor Datasets 4.0 SE
Citation:

Estimating sea otter reproductive rates

Author(s)
Eberhardt, L.L. and K.B. Schneider
Pages
31-37
Publisher
Society for Marine Mammology
Year
Issue
1
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Clutches or Litters per year Pr {giving birth in a year} = 1- (1-p1)^120(1-p2)^65 p1 = daily probability of becoming pregnant during the high probability period
p2 = daily probability of becoming pregnant during the remaining part of the year.
p1 and p2 = 0.02 and 0.00067, respectively, based on observations from Prince William Sound, 		Female Adult 1,482 Aleutian islands, AK Exposure Factor Datasets 2-16 years
Citation:

Heat production and body surface area in seals and sea otters

Author(s)
Iverson, J.A. and J. Krog
Pages
51-54
Year
Issue
1
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Surface Area see Figure 3 estimated surface area Not Reported Not Reported 2 Exposure Factor Datasets fed Laboratory
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 21.1 kg Female Adult 254 Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets 6.49 SD
Citation:

Movement and spatial use patterns of California sea otters

Author(s)
Ralls, Katherine, Thomas C. Eagle and Donald B. Siniff
Pages
1841-1849
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range daily home range, estimated from hourly trangulations during 24-hr watches using the minimum convex polygon method ha Female Juvenile 10 animals Monterey to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 5.93 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 0.467 SE
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Fat (total or %) 18.7 % Male Pup 1 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 3 mo
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 0.101 pups 0-2 months old; El Nino 1983; kg/d Not Reported Pup 30 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.007 SE
Citation:

Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Nino on San Nicolas Island

Author(s)
Francis, J. M. and C. B. Heath
Pages
271-288
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - Aug. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 2.3 five year average #/acre Both Male and Female Adult 275 San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate range of total food weight for observed individuals g dry wt/d Both Male and Female Adult 6 San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hibernation and sociality in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Dobson, F. Stephen and David E. Davis
Pages
416-421
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity 9-10 mo Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Santa Barbara; Bell Ranch; Hastings Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey
Citation:

Patterns of progesterone secretion in free-living California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, K.E., S. Nunes and F. Talamantes
Pages
1051-1059
Year
Issue
5
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation May/June - Oct. months of estivation Male Adult 144 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz
Citation:

The California Ground Squirrel

Author(s)
Linsdale, Jean M.
Pages
475
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 397.3 g Female Not Reported 373 Hastings Natural History Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Body Weight - Mean 41.1 g Female Adult Not Reported Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets non-breeding 0.1
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 33.9 g Not Reported Not Reported 4-9 per mo/15 mo Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 2.2 SD
Citation:

Consumption of primary production by a population of kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami) in the Mojave desert

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
357-376
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 2.2 embryos/ female Female Adult 24 Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.373 acres Female Adult Not Reported Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A comparative study of growth and development of the kangaroo rats, Dipodomys deserti stephens and Dipodomys merriami mearns

Author(s)
Butterworth, Bernard B.
Pages
127-139
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate see citation figure of changes in weight over time g Not Reported Juvenile 4 litters adults captured at Alpine Butte, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 140 d Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity 1 yr Male Adult Not Reported Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo
Citation:

Growth and development of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
75-95
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of body weight at ages 0 - 162 d g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 34 captured at Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 162 d Laboratory
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 3.76 resting metabolism at 5 degrees C, without a natural nest cc O2/g/h Not Reported Not Reported 6 individuals Exposure Factor Datasets 0.11 SE Laboratory

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

Study and management of an isolated, rare population: the Fresno kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Morrison, Michael L., L. Scott Mills and Amy J. Kuenzi
Pages
602-606
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of monthly densities at various sites #/ha Not Reported Not Reported 3,690 trap nights Naval Air Station, Lenmoore Exposure Factor Datasets

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Distances moved by Stephens' kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi Merriam) and implications for conservation

Author(s)
Price, Mary V., Patrick A. Kelly and Ross L. Goldingay
Pages
929-939
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of median maximum distance moved based on monthly live trapping capture data at 2 sites m Male Adult 97 - 121 Motte Rock Ecological Reserve [lat., 33^o53'N; long., 117^o6'W] and San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o51'N; long., 116^o54'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Estimating the distribution and abundance of a cryptic species, Dipodomys stephensi (Rodentia: Heteromyidae), and implications for management

Author(s)
Price, M.V. and P.R. Endo
Pages
293-301
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Population Density range of densities estimated over 2 yrs #/ha Not Reported Not Reported 320 - 640 trap nights San Jacinto Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets Feb. - Mar. Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Rodents of a creosote bush community in southern Nevada

Author(s)
Bradley, W. Glen and Roger A. Mauer
Pages
333-344
Year
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Grasses: Oryzopsis hymenoides (27.7%); Hilaria rigida (6.6%); Bromus rubens (8.5%); Annual forbs: Plantago insularis (12.3%); Phacelia spp. (4.5%); Perrenial shrubs: Ephedra funera (9.8%); Sphaeralcea ambigua (11.3%); Dalea fremontii (7.3%); Vegetative plant parts: Phacelia spp. (3.5%); Misc. (4.5%) % volume in cheek pouches of major (>2%) food items Not Reported Not Reported 27 Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate amount of seed consumed at 6.5 degrees C mg/g bw/d Not Reported Not Reported 10 individuals Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (7.6); Coleoptera larvae (0.2); Grasshoppers (5.1); Leaf hoppers (2.1); Lepidoptera adults (0.2); Lepidoptera larvae (0.5); Spiders (2.5); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (65.7); Total forbs (6.3) - Kochia scoparia (3.2); Total grasses and sedges (1.3); Total shrubs (0.6). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 134 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate range of weighted means of dry weights of stomach contents mg Female Adult 6-153 Ward and McClean Counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Age at Sexual Maturity 22.8 median age at maturity for males is time of weaning. d Male Adult Not Reported Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 4.67 average resting metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at -17.7C ml O2/g/hr Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.12 SE
Citation:

Some rodent populations in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Storer, T.I., F.C. Evans and F.G. Palmer
Pages
166-192
Year
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of means for 3 trapping periods #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 trapping periods Lake Tahoe, near Myers (elev., 6225 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei, in the northern Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
50-60
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition seeds (6-49%); fruit (0-24%); arthropods (27-80%); leaves (0-20%); fungi (0-5%); misc. (0-18%) volumetric % of stomach contents, range of monthly means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types % Not Reported Not Reported 48-59 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative population ecology of eleven species of rodents in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Brown, J. H. and Z. Zeng
Pages
46-63
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 21.4 g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 74 Portal, Cochise County (elev. 1330m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal home ranges and activity of small mammals of a Colorado subalpine forest

Author(s)
Merritt, Joseph F. and Joanie M. Merritt
Pages
195 - 202
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 0.02 ha Female Adult 9 eastern slope, Colorado Rocky Mountains (elev., 3120 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.55 SE
Citation:

Relationship between metabolic rate and energy expenditure for lactation in Peromyscus

Author(s)
Glazier, Douglas S.
Pages
587-590
Year
Issue
4
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 2.75 basal metabolic rate mlO2/g/hr Not Reported Adult 10 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Intraspecific variation in body size, metabolic rate, and reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Earle, Michael and D. M. Lavigne
Pages
381-388
Year
Issue
2
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean range of means from 3 sites g Both Male and Female Neonate 17-29 adults captured at Milk River, Alberta [lat., 49^o07'N; long., 111^o45'W] and Sydney, British Columbia, Canada [lat., 48^o43'N; long., 123^o20'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 20.9 g Both Male and Female Adult 55 Anytown (elev., 400 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo 1.6 SE

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

Adaptations and speciation of harvest mice of the marshes of San Francisco Bay

Author(s)
Fisler, George F.
Pages
1-98
Year
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.72 young/litter Female Adult Not Reported San Francisco Bay marshes Exposure Factor Datasets

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Extra-large body size in California voles: causes and fitness consequences

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z., and Richard S. Ostfield
Pages
108-121
Year
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Body Weight - Mean "extra large" body weight (12.6 % of population) g Male Adult 121 Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets >25 d Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of the California vole: Effects of food quality on reproduction

Author(s)
Batzli, George O.
Pages
406-412
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 3.7 young/litter Female Adult 12 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.3 SE Laboratory
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 young/litter Female Adult 12 Exposure Factor Datasets subadult (4 wks) 0.6 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Growth Rate change in body weight; instantaneous rate based on Brody 1945 %/d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Richmond field station; Russell Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Pages
740-750
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 504 metabolizable energy; equivalent to average daily metabolic rate cal/g/d Not Reported 7 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 28 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Energy metabolism and evaporative water loss in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Baudinette, Russel V.
Pages
57-72
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate OC = 1.94W^-0.209 equation relating basal oxygen consumption (OC; ml O2/g/hr) to body weight (W, g; 260-800g) ml O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic changes in fluctuating populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krebs, Charles J.
Pages
239-273
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality range of mean minimum survival rates per 14 d Male Adult 2 periods of weekly sampling Tilden Regional Park Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

The rabbits of California

Author(s)
Orr, R.T.
Pages
1-227
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.6 young/litter Female Adult 19 Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Home range and mobility of brush rabbits in California chaparral

Author(s)
Connell, Joseph H.
Pages
392-405
Year
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - May time of breeding Male Adult Not Reported Berkeley Hills Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The rabbits of California

Author(s)
Orr, R.T.
Pages
1-227
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.5 young/litter Female Adult 11 Exposure Factor Datasets

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Selenium accumulation and ecology of the San Joaquin kit fox in the Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge Area

Author(s)
Paveglio, Fred L and Steven D. Clifton
Publisher
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, San Luis Wildlife Refuge
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition insects (1.3%), Hermann's kangaroo rat (19.6%), California vole (31.5%), deer mouse (14.4%), California ground squirrel (24.4%), Audubon's cottontail (12.0%), unident. plant material (0.7%) relative composition of prey remains in scat % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 25 scats Kesterson National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets Merced
Citation:

Distribution and habitat requirements of the San Joaquin kit fox in the northern extreme of their range

Author(s)
Orloff, Susan, Frank Hall and Linda Spiegel
Pages
60-70
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Jerusalem crickets (1%), unident. reptiles (1%), unident. birds (1%), rabbits (5%), California ground squirrel (62%), pocket mice (5%), western harvest mice (10%), Peromyscus sp. (11%) percent volume of total prey items in scat % Both Male and Female Not Reported 10 scats Bethany Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Notes on kit fox biology in Utah

Author(s)
Daneke, Dennis, Melvin Sunquist and Stephen Berwick
Pages
361-362
Year
Issue
3
Volume
29
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 1.9 calculated with Minimum Area Method km2 Female Adult 4 Pine Valley Exposure Factor Datasets 1.2 SD

Fresno Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides ssp. exilis)

Citation:

Observations on the natural history of the Fresno kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Culbertson, A.E.
Pages
189-193
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 2 young/litter Female Adult Not Reported adults captured near Fresno Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Hypothesis linking food habits and habitat selection in Peromyscus

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C.
Pages
763-766
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 0.854 total weekly consumption rate of a seed diet (see dietary composition dataset) g/g/wk Both Male and Female Juvenile 10 Exposure Factor Datasets 30-60 d Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: size and compromise

Author(s)
Myers, Philip and Lawrence L. Master
Pages
1-18
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean Range of mean body weights for weanlings from varying litter sizes (2-9) g Both Male and Female Weanling 3 - 125 Exposure Factor Datasets 23 d Laboratory
Citation:

Some factors affecting the distribution of the prairie vole, forest deer mouse, and prairie deer mouse.

Author(s)
Dice, Lee R.
Pages
29-47
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 1.205 daily food ingestion at an ambient temperature of 21C cal/g/d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis

Author(s)
Millar, J.S.
Pages
510-515
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 9.26 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 232 Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets 21 d At weaning 0.10 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Lab
Growth Rate 0.34 g/d Both Male and Female Juvenile 33 adults captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 24 d Laboratory
Time of Hatching or Parturition May - Aug. Female Adult Not Reported Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.22 mean dry stomach content mass g Male Adult 104 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.03 SE
Citation:

Comparative energetics in two sympatric species of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Mazen, Walter S. and Robert L. Rudd
Pages
573-574
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 2.56 mean basal metabolic rate ccO2/g/h Both Male and Female Not Reported 20 collected 5 km east of Chico, Butte County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.34 SD Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Effects of gestation on growth and development in Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Wendy D. Millar
Pages
208 - 211
Year
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation d Female Adult 19 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

Influence of temperature on the water balance of three parapatric species of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Blackwell, Trudie L. and Edward B. Pivorun
Pages
70-75
Year
Issue
1
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 0.13 experimental temperature = 5C g/g/d Male Adult 12 captured in Macon County, NC Exposure Factor Datasets 0.01 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Postnatal growth and development of Peromyscus maniculatus nubiterrae

Author(s)
Linzey, A. V.
Pages
152-155
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1.8 g Both Male and Female Neonate 80 Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d 0.02 Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

An altitudinal survey of reproduction in Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Dunmire, William W.
Pages
174-182
Year
Issue
1
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.00 potential litter size estimated using the larger of corpora lutea count or embryo sites #/litter Female Adult 2 White Mountain (elev., 4,500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets Mono 1.00 SE

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range up to 15 acres Male Adult 11 Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

Riparian Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. riparius)

Citation:

Status review of the riparian brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) in California

Author(s)
Larsen, Caryla J.
Pages
1-22
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Nongame Bird and Mammal Section Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review reported breeding season occurs from January to May (from unpublished reports) Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Caswell Memorial State Park Exposure Factor Datasets

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean monthly weights g Both Male and Female Juvenile 1-7/mo San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Hermanson, John W. and Thomas J. O'Shea
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
213
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal cycles of pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus): proximate factors

Author(s)
Beasley, L.J.
Pages
115-123
Year
Volume
23-24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate range of mean monthly rates of ingestion of mealworm diet, measured over three years g/mo Male Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean 24.3 g Female Adult 15 Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Luis Obispo ovulating
Citation:

Evaporative water losses of the pallid bat

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Harold E. White
Pages
452-58
Year
Issue
4
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.47 estimated oxygen consumption of resting animals at 25 C ml O2/g BW/hr Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
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