Mammals

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Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Behavioral ecology of coyotes on the National Elk Refuge, Jackson, Wyoming

Author(s)
Camenzind, Franz J.
Pages
267-296
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Population Density 0.53 #/km2 Not Reported Adult Not Reported National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets 0.04 SD
Clutch or Litter Size 4.45 #/litter Female Adult Not Reported National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SD
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 2724 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 56d Laboratory
Growth Rate 0.31 kg/wk Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 8 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in central Alberta, 1964-1968

Author(s)
Nellis, Carl H. and Lloyd B. Keith
Pages
389-399
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 6.0 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 km Both Male and Female Adult 18 Rochester, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.6 SE
Citation:

Diet of Coyotes at Lemoore Naval Air Station

Author(s)
Kuenzi, Amy J.
Pages
9-11
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Seeds (54.8%); Fruit (56.9%); Insects (44.1%); California voles (12.9%); Lagomorphs (10.8%); Cricetine rodents (62.4%); Birds (5.4%); Califorina ground squirrels (4.3%); Gophers (2.2%); Amphibians/Reptiles (2.2%) overall % frequency of occurrence of prey items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 93 scats Lemoore Naval Air Station Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno, Kings
Citation:

Canis latrans

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: Coyotes and kit foxes

Author(s)
Golightly, Richard T. and Robert D. Ohmart
Pages
624 - 635
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 10 kg Both Male and Female Not Reported 18 captured in Maricopa County, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets 0.04 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Home Range 1.0 minimum area home range km2 Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets "pups" 0.7 SD
Citation:

Social distribution and population estimates of coyotes in north-central Montana

Author(s)
Pyrah, Duane
Pages
670-690
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 9.7 mean den area; land area around a den or rendezvous used by group km2 Male Adult 12 Missouri River Breaks Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups kg Male Juvenile 19-35 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 - 2.0 yrs
Citation:

Food habits of the coyote in California

Author(s)
Ferrel, Carol M., Howard R. Leach and Daniel F. Tillotson
Pages
301-341
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodent (24.4%); deer (9.2%); other stock (7.6%); rabbit (26.4%); misc. (10.3%); sheep (5.3%); bird (8.2%); vegetation (8.6%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 297 southern region Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal Oct. - Nov. Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some observations on the behavioral and morphological development of coyote pups

Author(s)
Snow, Carol J.
Pages
353-355
Year
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning wks Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Notes on ecology and food of the Kit fox in Central Utah

Author(s)
Smith, Dwight G.
Pages
96 - 98
Year
Issue
2
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition black-tailed hare (61.4%), cottontail rabbit (7.7%); also Ord's kangaroo rat, deer mouse, pocket mouse, horned lark, unident. passerine, beetle proportion of total prey items identified in stomach contents Both Male and Female Adult 18 stomachs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Size and spatial organization of home ranges of kit foxes in Arizona

Author(s)
Zoellick, Bruce W. and Norman S. Smith
Pages
83-88
Year
Issue
1
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 9.8 home range as calculated with the grid-cell method km2 Female Adult 3 foxes 7.5 km NW Tonopah Exposure Factor Datasets 0.1.4 SE

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 18 % body weight consumed/d Both Male and Female Adult 7 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 107.6 g Male Juvenile 7 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 5 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Measurement of weasel body size

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R.
Pages
2277-2279
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 98.9 g Female Adult 17 northern/central ID and Whitman County, WA Exposure Factor Datasets 14.4 SD
Citation:

Mustela frenata

Author(s)
Sheffield, Steven R. and Howard H. Thomas
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
570
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism of weasels: The cost of being long and thin

Author(s)
Brown, James H. and Robert C. Lasiewski
Pages
939-943
Year
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 297 g Male Adult Not Reported captured in White Pine County, NV Exposure Factor Datasets 36 SD Laboratory

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 2.85 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 15 animals Bearville study area; Itasca county Exposure Factor Datasets > 2 years 0.22 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Time of Hatching or Parturition May-early June Both Male and Female Neonate 118 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Parameters of population and seasonal activity of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in Alberta and Saskatchewan

Author(s)
Schowalter, David B. and John R. Gunson
Pages
409-420
Year
Issue
4
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Clutch or Litter Size 6.8 embryos; all ages pups/litter Female Adult 87 females Saskatchewan; Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Mephitis mephitis

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and B.J. Verts
Pages
1-7
Year
Volume
173
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecological aspects of winter dormancy in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Mutch, Graham G. R. and Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
607-615
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 31.9 % Male Adult 5 Delta Marsh Mannitoba Exposure Factor Datasets 1.3 SE Laboratory

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Movements, home range, and territories of male sea otters off central California

Author(s)
Jameson, Ronald J.
Pages
159-172
Year
Issue
2
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 15 maximum density at this time of year per 1000 ha Male Adult 7 Central coast Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 62 Sea water ingestion rate mL / kg-d Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 27 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Heat production and body surface area in seals and sea otters

Author(s)
Iverson, J.A. and J. Krog
Pages
51-54
Year
Issue
1
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate see Figure 1 oxygen consumption measured at 15-20 C Not Reported Not Reported 2 Exposure Factor Datasets fed Laboratory
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 28.3 kg Male Adult 79 Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets 7.98 SD
Citation:

Movement and spatial use patterns of California sea otters

Author(s)
Ralls, Katherine, Thomas C. Eagle and Donald B. Siniff
Pages
1841-1849
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range daily home range, estimated from hourly trangulations during 24-hr watches using the minimum convex polygon method ha Female Adult 16 animals Monterey to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 5.96 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Male Pup 5 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 0.405 SE
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 609 daily milk intake g/d Female Pup 19 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 24.0 SE
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 0.132 pre-el Nino; 0-2 months kg/d Not Reported Pup 32 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.007 SE
Citation:

Effects of the 1982-1983 El Nino on several population parameters and diet of California sea lions on the Califonia channel islands

Author(s)
DeLong, R. L., G.A. Antonelis, C.W. Oliver, B.S. Stewart, M.S. Lowry and P.K. Yochem
Pages
166-172
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition see citation figure of % occurrence of prey items in scats % Female Adult 73 - 283 San Miguel and San Clemente Islands Exposure Factor Datasets

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 8.9 weight at birth g Not Reported Juvenile 6 litters (42 animals) Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d Laboratory
Citation:

Home range, population structure, and spatial organization of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Boellstorff, Diane E. and Donald H. Owings
Pages
551-561
Year
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range of means for 2 yrs #/ha Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda
Citation:

Patterns of progesterone secretion in free-living California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, K.E., S. Nunes and F. Talamantes
Pages
1051-1059
Year
Issue
5
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 5-6 wks Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 0.59 above ground area occupied for at least one mo acres Female Adult 51 Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

The California Ground Squirrel

Author(s)
Linsdale, Jean M.
Pages
475
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 512.4 g Male Not Reported 397 Hastings Natural History Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 44.0 g Male Adult 443 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.3
Citation:

Dispersal distance and the range of nightly movements in Merriam's kangaroo rats

Author(s)
Jones, Thomas W.
Pages
27-34
Year
Issue
1
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 25.0 median lifetime distance moved from home range center (from first to last capture) m Female Adult 25 Portal Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Consumption of primary production by a population of kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami) in the Mojave desert

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
357-376
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 16.2 #/ha Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.466 acres Male Adult Not Reported Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A comparative study of growth and development of the kangaroo rats, Dipodomys deserti stephens and Dipodomys merriami mearns

Author(s)
Butterworth, Bernard B.
Pages
127-139
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of changes in weight over time g Not Reported Juvenile 4 litters adults captured at Alpine Butte, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 140 d Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Jan. - June Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo
Citation:

Growth and development of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
75-95
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning d Both Male and Female Juvenile 34 captured at Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami), Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Molt July and August Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Owens Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

The reproduction of heteromyid rodents in captivity

Author(s)
Eisenberg, John F. and Donald E. Isaac
Pages
61-67
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Sexual Maturity 84 earliest age of conception d Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Temporal and spatial demographic patterns in Dipodomys stephensi from Riverside County, California

Author(s)
McClenaghan, Leroy R. Jr. and Ernest Taylor
Pages
636-645
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 36.1 average density over 19 mo study #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported 125 Lake Mathews [lat., 33^o50'N; long., 117^o27'30"W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

An age-structured demographic model for endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Price, Mary V. and Patrick A. Kelly
Pages
810-821
Year
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 2.67 young/litter Female Adult 6 Motte Rimrock Reserve and San Jacinto Wildlife Area Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Home range dynamics of rodents in a sagebrush community

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Michael J.
Pages
657-668
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.33 annual composite home range estimated by principal component method (95% probability) ha Not Reported Not Reported 394 recapture loci Warm Springs Valley, Washoe County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Food Ingestion Rate seed consumption measured in field enclosures mg/g bw/d Both Male and Female Not Reported 6 individuals Owens Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (10.8); Coleoptera larvae (1.4); Grasshoppers (5.7); Leaf hoppers (3.4); Lepidoptera adults (4.4); Lepidoptera larvae (1.3); Spiders (2.5); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (40.3); Total forbs (10.4) - Kochia scoparia (6.7); Total grasses and sedges (3.5); Total shrubs (1.1). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 92 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate 1032 maintenance (485 cal/g/d) + production (547 cal/g/d) metabolic rate cal/g/day Female Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Lactating Laboratory
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 22.8 calculated median age at weaning for wild populations. d Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets Weaning CANADA 6.8 SD
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 4.26 average daily metabolic rate estimated by oxygen consumption at 14.45C ml O2/g/hr Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.3 SE
Citation:

Effects of range treatment with 2,4-D on rodent populations

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Richard M. Hansen
Pages
125-132
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.27 mean litter size based upon number of visible embryos #/litter Female Adult 77 Gunnison County and Saquache County, (elev., 8500 - 9300 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.13
Citation:

Food of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei, in the northern Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
50-60
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition seeds (34-53%); fruits (0-22%); arthropods (26-36%); leaves (7-12%); fungi (0-7%); misc. (3-10%) volumetric % of stomach contents, range of means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types % Not Reported Not Reported 778 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home ranges of the meadow vole and deer mouse (on a reclamation test pit in eastern Montana)

Author(s)
McCann, Steve A.
Pages
11-17
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Home Range 1.03 acres Male Adult 5 Consolidation Coal Company test pit, Roundup Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

Litter survival of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) in nest boxes

Author(s)
Sleeper, Roger A.
Pages
259-260
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of mean litter sizes for 2 yrs; based on embryo counts #/litter Female Adult 7 - 8 litters San Juan Mountains (elev., 3200 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range relationships of three rodent species in southeast Oregon

Author(s)
Feldhamer, George A.
Pages
50-57
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 371.7 m2 Male Not Reported 17 sagebrush habitat, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 126.7 - 571.8 (2-sigma)
Citation:

The food habits of rodents in range lands of southern Idaho

Author(s)
Johnson, D. R.
Pages
407-410
Year
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ARTHROPODS (78-95%); SEEDS, Halogeton (0-58%), Shadscale (0-27%); grass (0-19%); prickly pear (0-34%), Tansy mustard (0-8%); LEAVES, Halogeton (2-39%), Shadscale (3-14%); grass (17-34%), Tansy mustard (0-11%), peppergrass (0-5%); Russian thistle (0-12%); MISC., mammalian hair (3-13%), prickly pear stems (0-9%) range of % frequency of food items in stomachs over 3 mo. % Not Reported Not Reported 405 Raft River Valley; Cassia County Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii), Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

Growth in the deer-mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Dice, Lee R. and Robert M. Bradley
Pages
416-427
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of body weight vs age for 7 subspecies of Peromyscus Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 61 Exposure Factor Datasets 15 - 186 d Laboratory

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

The ecology of the salt-marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris) in a diked salt marsh

Author(s)
Geissel, Wolfgang, Howard Shellhammer and H. Thomas Harvey
Pages
696-703
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying June - Sept. time when reproductively active Both Male and Female Adult 65 New Chicago Marsh, San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Supression of growth and reproduction of microtine rodents by social factors

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., Lowell L. Getz, and Sarah S. Hurley
Pages
583-591
Year
Issue
4
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Growth Rate see citation figure of body weight at ages 20 - 180 d g/d Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Social organization and space use in Califonia voles: seasonal, sexual, and age-specific strategies

Author(s)
Salvioni, M. and W. Z. Lidicker
Pages
426-438
Year
Volume
101
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range of low and high density yrs Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.4 mean; early growing season pups/litter Female Adult 9 Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 0.9 (95%CI)
Body Weight - Mean >35 g Female Adult Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Analysis of two freely-growing enclosed populations of the California vole

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z.
Pages
447-466
Year
Issue
3
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean range of means measured in voles in enclosures in different seasons g Male Adult 5-35/sample Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus II. variation between populations

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
1174-1182
Year
Issue
6
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Growth Rate 3.5 change in body weight g/wk Male Juvenile 42 captured in Contra Costa County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.2 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction in a coastal California population of the field mouse, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Greenwald, Gilbert S.
Pages
421-466
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean g Male Not Reported Not Reported San Francisco Bay, San Rafael Exposure Factor Datasets Marin

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Sylvilagus audubonii

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A. and Gale R. Willner
Pages
1-4
Year
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Observations of the growth of young brush rabbits

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
298-302
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 25.5 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 Golden Gate Park, San Francisco Exposure Factor Datasets 3 d

Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)

Citation:

Ecology of the desert kit fox, Vulpes macrotis arsipus, in the Mojave Desert of southern California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Thomas P. and Larry Gilbertson
Pages
1-15
Year
Issue
1
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 200 denning range (area enclosing occupied den sites) ha Both Male and Female Adult 16 foxes Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets Kern

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Life history of the San Joaquin kit fox

Author(s)
Morrell, Stephen
Pages
162-174
Year
Issue
3
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range approximate range of individual foxes mi2 Both Male and Female Adult 12 foxes Buena Vista Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, T.P.
Pages
207-208
Year
Volume
172
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition early February Female Adult Not Reported Elk Hills Naval and Buena Vista Petroleum Reserves Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Competetive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kit foxes

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L. and Kenneth A. Spencer
Pages
204-214
Year
Issue
1
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Survival/ Mortality 79.8 mean annual mortality rate over 13 years % Not Reported Juvenile 177 foxes Naval Petroleum Reserves in California Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 4.5 SE

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Preliminary studies of the kit fox in Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
351-357
Year
Issue
3
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 3.6 pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 9 individuals Tooele County, west. UT, elev. 4300-4800 ft Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The effect of extra food on small rodents populations: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Taitt, M.J.
Pages
111-124
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality see citation figure of percent survival of juveniles and sub-adults % Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Douglas fir forest, Vancouver Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.592 calculated for free-living animals kcal/g/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Ambient temperature and rainfall: an effect on sex ratio and litter size in deer mice

Author(s)
Myers, Philip, Lawrence L. Master and R. Angelitos Garrett
Pages
289-298
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 5.0 "not high" temperature group #/litter Both Male and Female Neonate 150 captured pregnant mice in spring at Ann Arbor, MI Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d Laboratory
Citation:

Food of Mus musculus, Peromyscus maniculatus bairdi and Peromyscus leucopus in Vigo County, Indiana

Author(s)
Whitaker, John O., Jr.
Pages
473 - 486
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition lepidopterous larvae (15.4%); misc. vegetation (14.7%); wheat seeds (11.8%); soybeans (10.5%); unidentified seeds (7.2%); corn (5.6%); green vegetation (5.1%); coleoptera (3.6%); Lespedeza seeds (2.3%) % volume of major (>2%) food items in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 444 Vigo County Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Condition Countries Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 20.34 g Female Adult 40 captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets Non-breeding 0.42 SE Laboratory
Survival/ Mortality 80 average summer survival per 14 d % Both Male and Female Adult 877 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets "overwintered adults" CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis), Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. maniculatus)

Citation:

Growth of seasonal generations in three natural populations of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Gyug, Les W., and John S. Millar
Pages
510-514
Year
Issue
3
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Growth Rate see citation figures of weight versus age (20-90d) Male Both Adults and Juveniles 90 - 363 Heart Lake Biological Station, Northwest Territories and Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets 20 - 90 d CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.17 mean dry stomach content mass g Male Juvenile 23 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.03 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. labecula)

Citation:

Growth in two subspecies of Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C. and Joan Bernstein
Pages
228-231
Year
Issue
1
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 8.9 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 93 Exposure Factor Datasets 14 d Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate range of mean growth estimated at ages 0,3,6,9,12,15 d g/d Not Reported Juvenile 160 - 257/time Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 15 d Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

Food habits of sympatric Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Wolff, Jerry O., Raymond D. Dueser, and Kendell S. Berry
Pages
795-798
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Arthropods (45.9 +/- 7.15% SE), Lepidopteran larvae (1.5 +/- 0.63% SE), Lepidopteran adults (6.7 +/- 2.94% SE), Fruit (1.1 +/- 0.73% SE), Green vegetation (17.5 +/- 3.76% SE), Fungi (1.0 +/- 1.01% SE), Nuts/Seeds (23.1 +/- 9.68% SE), Unknown (3.0 +/- 1.96% SE) Mean percentage frequency of occurrence of each item in stomach contents Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 10 Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles Co. Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

The skin and respiratory water losses of Peromyscus maniculatus sonoriensis

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M.
Pages
463-467
Year
Issue
3
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate range of means for 5 groups ml O2 /g/hr Not Reported Adult 11/group Mice trapped near Palmdale, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. arizonae)

Citation:

Reproduction in the Audubon cottontail in Arizona

Author(s)
Sowls, Lyle K.
Pages
234-243
Year
Issue
2
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 725 g Male Adult 87 southern portion of state Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Jan. - Dec. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)

Citation:

Organ weights and sexual dimorphism of the brush rabbit

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A.
Pages
453-455
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 661.86 g Male Adult 23 E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis Exposure Factor Datasets 62.68 SD

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean monthly weights g Female Adult 1-15/mo San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Hermanson, John W. and Thomas J. O'Shea
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
213
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Circannual rhythms of body weight in pallid bats

Author(s)
Beasley, Laura J., Kimberly M. Pelz and Irving Zucker
Pages
R955-R958
Year
Issue
6
Volume
246
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 21.7 g Male Adult 135 Exposure Factor Datasets Napa 0.2 SE
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Inhalation Rate 0-52 respiration rate in dormant bats at 40 deg F respirations/min Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Vocal communication in the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Brown, Patricia
Pages
34-54
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Growth Rate 25 increase in body weight over time (to adult weight) g/2-3 mo Both Male and Female Juvenile 20 bats Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
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