Birds
Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | March 29-June 25 (1991), March 11-June 29 (1992) | length of egg laying season in two sample years | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain | Exposure Factor Datasets | SPAIN | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2.63 | clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 316 nests | Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain | Exposure Factor Datasets | SPAIN |
Killdeer (Charadrius vociferus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 14.3 | estimated breeding density in planted field habitat (14 ha) | pairs/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | St. Paul Campus, Univ. of MN | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Physidae (0.9%), Odonata larvae (1.3%), Corixidae adult (1.3%), Coleoptera adult (25.5%), Coleoptera larvae (21.2%), Coleoptera adult pieces (17.0%), Diptera larvae (18.3%), Hymenoptera adult (6.1%), Unidentified (2.6%), plant fibers (1.3%), grit (4.5%) | volumetric aggregate percent of esophageal contents | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 15 birds | Mingo National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | migrating |
Least Tern (Sterna antillarum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.73 | mean clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 396 clutches | Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 0.79-1.31 | mean hatching success during two years of study | eggs hatched/nest | Not Reported | Chick | 545-606 nests per study year | Sandy Point, West Haven | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.78 | mean number of fledglings per nest | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 18 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | review | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | review | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.6 | fledlings/pair | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | GERMANY | ||
| Survival/ Mortality | brood survival; increase to 60% in 1991, due to protective measures | % | Not Reported | Fledgling | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | GERMANY |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | review | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | |
| Dietary Composition | review | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 17 | pairs/172 miles of river | Both Male and Female | Adult | 17 pairs | Yukon River | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding |
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | d | Both Male and Female | Embryo | Not Reported | Sagehen Creek Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Nevada, Sierra | ||
| Home Range | 109.4 | average home range - breeding | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 32 | Sagehen Creek Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Nevada, Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | March-May | period of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | Laboratory | ||
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 28.4 | mean nestling period | d | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 29 chicks | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | July 29 | median fledging date | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 27 pairs | Great Basin (elev. 1260-2340 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Lassen |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat (total or %) | 2.46 | total body fat based on Soxhlet fat extraction | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 21 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.25 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | mammal (24%), insect (74%), other (2%) | percent composition of sample pellets (by volume) | Both Male and Female | Adult | 104 pellets | agricultural lands | Exposure Factor Datasets | Yolo | breeding |
| Dietary Composition | mammal (82%), insect (16%), other (2%) | percent composition of sample pellets (by volume) | Both Male and Female | Adult | 116 pellets | agricultural lands | Exposure Factor Datasets | Yolo |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 4.0 | average number of young fledged | fledges/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | 4 nests | Hanford Site, Benton and Franklin Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.41 |
| Population Density | 10 | number of nesting pairs counted annually on study site | pairs/1476 sq km | Both Male and Female | Adult | 4 years | Hanford Site, Benton and Franklin Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | white-footed mice (6.0%), meadow mice (78.9%), shrews (1.3%), pocket gopher (1.0%), uinta ground squirrel (0.3%), sm-med sized birds (5.7%), insects (59.9%) | percent occurrence of prey items in pellets during nesting | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 299 pellets from 8 nests | Jackson Hole | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Food Ingestion Rate | averages of food amounts eaten per day | g | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 3 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | captive | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | invertebrates (10.5%), herpetofauna (2.4%), mammals (79.1%), birds (8.0%) | dietary composition (% of total biomass), 1972-1973 | Female | Not Reported | 4 | Arcata Bottoms | Exposure Factor Datasets | Humboldt |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | insects (97%), isopod (5%), birds (27%), mammals (25%) | percent occurrence in sample pellets | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | agricultural lands | Exposure Factor Datasets | Tulare |
Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 0.50 | survival rate from incubation to fledging (26 days) | Both Male and Female | Nestling | 24 nests | Idaho National Engineering Laboratory | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 14-15 | incubation period | d | Both Male and Female | Embryo | Not Reported | Gray Lodge State Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Butte |
| Time of Nesting | mid-March to September 20 | nesting season duration (peaks in July) | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Gray Lodge State Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Butte |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.8 | mean number of eggs laid per nesting attempt | Female | Adult | 123 nests | Rufus Woods Lake area | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 90.3% | proportion of young fledged in successful nests | Both Male and Female | Adult | 123 nests | Rufus Woods Lake area | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Molt | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 21.7 | average number of birds per 100 miles of survey route | birds/100 mi | Not Reported | Not Reported | 1000 mi surveyed/mo | near Bakersfield | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 114.3 | mean body weight | g | Female | Juvenile | 5 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | 131 days | 3.3 SE | |
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 93 | age at which birds were judged capable of reproduction | d | Female | Juvenile | 58 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | 131 days |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 6.7 | mean number of fledglings produced per adult female | fledglings/female | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 7 marked pairs | Texas A&M College campus | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Survival/ Mortality | 86% | estimated mortality rate in the first year, based on band returns | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Texas A&M College campus | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | see figures | growth rates of body weight, body length, wing, alar tract from hatching to fledging | Both Male and Female | Nestling | 53 nestlings | Fremont and Waterloo areas | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 80 | age at which birds became capable of breeding | d | Male | Yearling | 79 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 7.8 | based on Christmas bird counts 1954-1986 | per 1,000 mi | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.3 (SD) |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | mammals (41.2%), birds (2.0%), insects (23.3%), vegetation (55.5%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 366 pellets | Oakland Airport | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | mammals (35.7%), birds (1.3%), insects (27.7%), vegetation (57.4%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 929 pellets | Oakland Airport | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 61 | proportion of pairs that successfully raised at least one young | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 52 nests | Mapimf Biosphere Reserve, Durango (1,000-1,350 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA | |
| Body Weight - Mean | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | mammals (4.7%), birds (50.4%), amphibians (1.3%), reptiles (12.8%), insects (30.8%) | percent composition of diet by biomass | % | Not Reported | Adult | 396 identified prey items | Sierra de Bahoruco | Exposure Factor Datasets | nesting | DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 2 | pairs/6669 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Columbia River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | reproductive success rate among pairs | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Dade and Broward counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 28+ | age at time of death | yr | Female | Adult | 1 bird | Asiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | unident. snake (0.3%), Sylvilagus nuttallii (19.2%), Lepus californicus (14.3%), unident. leporid (16.1%), Spermophilus townsendii (0.6%), Thomomys townsendii (14.6%), Perognathus parvus (0.4%), Dipodomys ordii (11.1%), Reithrodontomys megalotis (0.2%), Peromyscus spp (2.3%), Neotoma cinerea (4.6%), Neotoma lepida (2.0%), unident. woodrat (0.3%), Microtus montanus (4.7%), Mus musculus (0.7%), Mustela frenata (0.1%), Falco sparverius (0.1%), Phasianus colchicus (1.9%), Callipepla californicus (0.1%), unident. galliform (0.4%), Fulica americana (0.4%), Columba livia (0.9%), Tyto alba (0.3%), Sturnus vulgaris (0.2%), unident. passerine (0.6%), unident. bid (3.4%) | occurence in diet as percent of total prey biomass, based on pellet analysis | Not Reported | Not Reported | 14 nesting areas, 1472 prey items | Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (42 deg, 50'N, 115 deg, 50'W) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | home range size (minimum convex polygon model) as determined by radiotelemetry | ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | 22 owls | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 31% | mean annual mortality after the first year of banding based on band return data, 1951-1962 | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 97 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 46% | mean percent mortality within the first year of banding based on band return data, 1951-1962 | Not Reported | Juvenile | 97 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 1 | estimated population density based on call counts | bird/100 acres | Not Reported | Adult | 7 counts | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | see figures | figures showing weight increase and feather growth for 0-73 days of age | Not Reported | Nestling | five owls | collected in California | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foraging Distance | 0.25 | typical maximum distance between two roosting sites | mi | Both Male and Female | Adult | 11 home ranges | Superior and Ann Arbor townships | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of clutch sizes | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 191 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | animal food (67.71%), vegetable food (32.26%) | percent composition of stomach contents | Not Reported | Not Reported | 183 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA | |
| Dietary Composition | predacious ground beetles (3.89%), other beetles (2.66%), ants (53.82%), Hemiptera (1.84%), caterpillars (2.12%), Orthoptera (1.45%), other insects and spiders (1.96%), grain (2.26%), seeds (19.59%), fruit (10.28%) | percent composition of stomach contents | Not Reported | Not Reported | 183 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 7.44 | mean clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 9 pairs | near New Concord | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.24 SD |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 3.78 | mean fledging rate | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 40 pairs | near New Concord | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.99 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | range of home range size based on telemetry location data | ha | Not Reported | Adult | 4 birds, 20-99 radio fixes per bird | Lakewood, Jefferson County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of clutch sizes | eggs | Female | Adult | 6 nests | Sierra National Forest | Exposure Factor Datasets | Fresno |
| Hatching Success | range of hatching success | eggs/nest | Not Reported | Hatchling | 6 nests | Sierra National Forest | Exposure Factor Datasets | Fresno |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.3 | average number of fledglings per nest | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | 11 nests | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra | 1.3 SD |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 29% | total egg-to-fledgling success rate | Not Reported | Fledgling | 5 nests | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 13.2 | mean body weight during breeding season | g | Female | Adult | 5 birds | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Metabolic Rate | 0.325 | predicted daytime basal metabolic rate | W | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Bushtit (Psaltriparus minumus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | approximate range of nesting territory diameters | yd | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Stanford University Campus | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 13 | incubation period from start to hatching | d | Not Reported | Embryo | 1 clutch | Stanford University Campus | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara |
Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.3 | mean clutch size, 2 years | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 20 nests | York County | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.6 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 5.40 | average number of fledglings produced per nest | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | 65 successful nests | Pawnee National Grassland | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.65 | average clutch size, 2 years | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 46 clutches | southern Minnesota | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.17 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 8.35 | mean territory size in pasture habitat | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 territories | Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.66 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | review | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 84 | percent of eggs hatched of total number laid | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | 24 nests, 70 eggs | upper Santa Cruz River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO, USA |
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 80-85 | 1 year or younger | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.64 | no supplemental food | young/nest | Not Reported | Chick | 44 nests | Mandarte Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 6 d | CANADA | 0.13 |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutches or Litters per year | 2-3 | broods/year | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | see table 1 | Not Reported | Nestling | 6-33 nestlings | San Miguel Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0-11 days |
Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 3 | estimated average brood size | young/clutch | Not Reported | Juvenile | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 3 | age of first nesting | yr | Not Reported | Adult | 13 nests | Barataria Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | 3 yr |
Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Nesting | year-round | time during which active nests were observed | Both Male and Female | Adult | 30 colonies | south FL | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 76% | proportion of nests in which at least one egg hatched | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | 1056 nests | San Francisco Bay estuary | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat (total or %) | 111 | g (lipid) | Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 9 | Mingo Basin | Exposure Factor Datasets | alternate plumage - early migrants, unpaired | 8 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | 620 | ha | Male | Adult | 5 | Bemidji, Beltrami Co. | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | May 5 - May 14 | Female | Not Reported | prairie pothold region of North Dakota | Exposure Factor Datasets | second year females |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April 4 - July (median = May) | time of clutch initiation | Female | Adult | 265 nests | eastern - south central North Dakota, near Jamestown | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 59 | Survival rates, not mortality. | % | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Lower Klamath National Wildlife Refuge, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | 3.4 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 0.5 | For explanation of classifications, see p. 11 (classifications are Kern NWR, hunting clubs, etc). | birds/ha | Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | preirrigated croplands | Exposure Factor Datasets | wintering birds |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | gastropoda (0.001), crustacea (0.007), insecta (0.003), and plant (0.980) | mean relative proportions (wet mass) of stomach contents | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 22 | St. Lawrence River | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 15,221 | mean number of ducks counted in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service mid-winter inventories 1978-1987 | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | Suisun Marsh | Exposure Factor Datasets | Solano |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 10.4 | mean clutch size from first nesting attempt | eggs | Female | Adult | 151 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.2 (SE) | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | flora (99.1%), fauna (0.92%) | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 94 | Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | 46-55 d |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 70 | mean length of drainage ditch (5 ft wide) defended | yd | Male | Adult | 8 ducks | Conaway Ranch | Exposure Factor Datasets | Yolo | breeding |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 1,163 | g | Male | Juvenile | 61 | Illinois and Mississippi river valleys | Exposure Factor Datasets | hunter harvested | 12 SE |
