Mammals

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California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Extra-large body size in California voles: causes and fitness consequences

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z., and Richard S. Ostfield
Pages
108-121
Year
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity 17 d Female Adult Not Reported Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Age at Sexual Maturity 25 d Male Adult Not Reported Brooks Island, San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of the California vole: Effects of food quality on reproduction

Author(s)
Batzli, George O.
Pages
406-412
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 3 wks Both Male and Female Adult 24 Exposure Factor Datasets subadult Laboratory
Clutches or Litters per year 0.5 litters per female per 12 wks litters/12 wks Female Adult 24 Exposure Factor Datasets subadult (4 weeks) 0.2 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.6 mean; dry season pups/litter Female Adult 5 Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 0.7 (95%CI)
Body Weight - Mean g Female Both Adults and Juveniles Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets subadult Contra Costa
Clutch or Litter Size 3.0 mean; early growing season pups/litter Female Adult 11 Russell Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa 0.8 (95%CI)
Survival/ Mortality see citation figure of seasonal changes in minimum survival rate %/28d Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Pages
740-750
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 897 ingested energy; fed rabbit pellets for 21 d cal/g/d Not Reported 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 28 SE Laboratory
Food Ingestion Rate 1115 ingested energy; fed bromegrass for 21 d cal/g/d Not Reported 7 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 35 SE Laboratory
Citation:

The demography of low-litter size populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
368-374
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of seasonal changes in weight g Male Adult Not Reported Sea Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Sonoma
Survival/ Mortality see citation figure of proportion surviving/wk Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Sea Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Sonoma
Citation:

Dispersion patterns of mice in California annual grassland

Author(s)
Batzli, George O.
Pages
239-250
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density see citation figure of seasonal changes in density #/acre Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Grass Valley Regional Park Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda
Citation:

Demographic changes in fluctuating populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krebs, Charles J.
Pages
239-273
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of minimum # alive in 8 areas at 103 weekly intervals #/ha Male Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Tilden Regional Park and Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Abundance and dispersion of leporids within a shortgrass ecosystem

Author(s)
Flinders, Jerran T. and Richard M. Hansen
Pages
287-291
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Population Density 6.6 #/mi2 Not Reported Not Reported 31 Pawnee National Grasslands Exposure Factor Datasets 5.4 - 7.8 (95% CL)
Citation:

Spring and summer foods of Audubon's cottontail rabbit (Sylvilagus audubonii) in north-central Colorado

Author(s)
deCalesta, David S.
Pages
549-553
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Grasses, 20 species (0 - 22.2%); Forbs, 16 species (0 - 17.4%); Shrubs, 1 species (0.4 - 1.5%); Cactus, 1 species (0 - 0.1%) range of % composition of species over 2 yrs; estimated as sum of all fragments per food species from all stomachs divided by sum of fragments from all stomachs % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 18 - 30 Fort Collins, Larimer County (elev. 1650-2200 m) Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Movement patterns of brush rabbits in northwestern California

Author(s)
Shields, Paul W.
Pages
381-386
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 278 mean range diameter ft Male Adult 32 Humboldt Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt

Desert Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. arsipus)

Citation:

Ecology of the desert kit fox, Vulpes macrotis arsipus, in the Mojave Desert of southern California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Thomas P. and Larry Gilbertson
Pages
1-15
Year
Issue
1
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Longevity 10.2 measured from time of capture to time of last capture or radio-telemetry location mo Both Male and Female Adult 6 foxes Rand Open Area and Desert Tortoise Research Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 0.8 SE

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Life history of the San Joaquin kit fox

Author(s)
Morrell, Stephen
Pages
162-174
Year
Issue
3
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean range of monthly averages (Jan.-Dec.) lbs Female Adult 1-5 foxes/month Buena Vista Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Reproduction and spacing patterns of kit foxes relative to changing prey availability

Author(s)
White, Patrick J. and Katherine Ralls
Pages
861-867
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density minimum densities of foxes in study area over three years fox /4.1 km2 - 1 fox / 6.5 km2 Both Male and Female Adult 15-22 foxes/year Carrizo Plain Natural Area Exposure Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Factors regulating kit fox populations

Author(s)
White, P.J. and Robert A. Garrott
Pages
1982-1988
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density review #/km2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Southern Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris ssp. nereis)

Citation:

Abundance, distribution, and behavior of the southern sea otter (Enydra lutris nereis) in a California estuary

Author(s)
Feinholz, Daniela M.
Pages
105-116
Year
Volume
24.2
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range of densities for entire study area for 2 yrs #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Elkhorn Slough Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The effect of extra food on small rodents populations: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Taitt, M.J.
Pages
111-124
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Home Range 1615 elliptical home range based on distribution of capture points m2 Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Douglas fir forest, Vancouver Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.90 productive energy in captive animals at 0 C kcal/animal/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Seed preferences in wild caught Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii and Peromyscus leucopus noveboracensis

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C.
Pages
191-194
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 14.78 g Both Male and Female Adult 30 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.6 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii), Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. neomexicanus)

Citation:

Attempts to breed cottontail rabbits in captivity

Author(s)
Dice, L. R.
Pages
225-229
Year
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 28 d Both Male and Female Adult 3 litters captured in Rago, Kansas Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Condition Countries Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 31.46 g Female Adult 44 captured at Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets breeding 0.43 SE Laboratory
Survival/ Mortality 37 average over-winter survival % Both Male and Female Juvenile 64 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets "young of the yr" CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis), Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. maniculatus)

Citation:

Growth of seasonal generations in three natural populations of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Gyug, Les W., and John S. Millar
Pages
510-514
Year
Issue
3
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Growth Rate see citation figures of weight versus age (20-90d) Male Both Adults and Juveniles 90 - 363 Heart Lake Biological Station, Northwest Territories and Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets 20 - 90 d CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.28 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Juvenile 38 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.05 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. labecula)

Citation:

Growth in two subspecies of Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C. and Joan Bernstein
Pages
228-231
Year
Issue
1
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 21.2 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 93 captured in Mexico Exposure Factor Datasets 63 d Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate 0.95 mean growth g/d Not Reported Juvenile 156 Exposure Factor Datasets 18-21 d Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

Comparative population ecology of Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Wolff, Jerry O.
Pages
1548-1555
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 15.9 g Male Adult 85 Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles County [lat., 37^010'N; long., 80^o30' W] Exposure Factor Datasets 0.21 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

The skin and respiratory water losses of Peromyscus maniculatus sonoriensis

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M.
Pages
463-467
Year
Issue
3
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 4.38 average daily water intake (2.65 ml drunk + 0.56 ml free H2O in food + 1.17 ml H2O of oxidation) ml/d Not Reported Adult 11/group; 5 groups Mice trapped near Palmdale, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. arizonae)

Citation:

Reproduction in the Audubon cottontail in Arizona

Author(s)
Sowls, Lyle K.
Pages
234-243
Year
Issue
2
Volume
38
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Body Weight - Mean 860 g Female Adult 40 southern portion of state Exposure Factor Datasets non-pregnant

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. neomexicanus)

Citation:

Onset of the breeding season and size of first litters in two species of cottontails from southwestern Texas

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A. and Raymond P. Morgan II
Pages
277-280
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.60 young/litter Female Adult 10 Big Lake Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)

Citation:

Organ weights and sexual dimorphism of the brush rabbit

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A.
Pages
453-455
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 661.47 g Female Adult 38 E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis Exposure Factor Datasets 66.73 SD

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean monthly weights g Both Male and Female Juvenile 1-7/mo San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Hermanson, John W. and Thomas J. O'Shea
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
213
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal cycles of pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus): proximate factors

Author(s)
Beasley, L.J.
Pages
115-123
Year
Volume
23-24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate range of mean monthly rates of ingestion of mealworm diet, measured over three years g/mo Male Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean 24.3 g Female Adult 15 Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Luis Obispo ovulating
Citation:

Evaporative water losses of the pallid bat

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Harold E. White
Pages
452-58
Year
Issue
4
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.47 estimated oxygen consumption of resting animals at 25 C ml O2/g BW/hr Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Canis latrans

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: Coyotes and kit foxes

Author(s)
Golightly, Richard T. and Robert D. Ohmart
Pages
624 - 635
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.0015 basal metabolic rate at 22-26C estimated via oxygen consumption watts/g Both Male and Female Not Reported 3 captured in Maricopa County, AZ Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodents (53%); fruits and seeds (32%); deer (20%); insects (19%); avian (19%); lagomorphs (11%); armadillo (9%); cattle (6%); reptile (4%) overall % occurrence in scats % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 361 scats Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Summer foods of coyotes at Rocky Flats, Colorado

Author(s)
Ribic, Christine A.
Pages
152-153
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition grass species (78%); meadow vole (73%); northern pocket gopher (43%); insects (40%); passerines (30%); lagomorphs (24%); cricetid mice (19%); mule deer (13%) % occurrence of food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 54 Rocky Flats Nuclear Weapons Plant, Denver Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean range of means for two yearling age groups kg Female Juvenile 22 - 32 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 - 2.0 yrs
Citation:

Evaluation of several indices for assessment of coyote (Canis latrans) body composition

Author(s)
Huot, Jean, Marie-Lazarine Poulle and Michel Crete
Pages
1620-1624
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Fat (total or %) 12.08 body fat content % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 22 Quebec Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 7.36 SD
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 68 km2 Male Adult 25 Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavioral ecology of coyotes on the National Elk Refuge, Jackson, Wyoming

Author(s)
Camenzind, Franz J.
Pages
267-296
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Population Density 0.77 #/km2 Not Reported Pup Not Reported National Elk Refuge, Jackson Hole Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SD
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 30 d Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Food and population characteristics of Iowa coyotes

Author(s)
Mathwig, Herbert J.
Pages
167-189
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rabbits (70.6%); livestock (14.0%); mice (10.5%); birds (4.2%) % volume of principal foods in stomachs, body weight range 14.5 - 37.0 lbs % Both Male and Female Not Reported 151 Exposure Factor Datasets

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Size and spatial organization of home ranges of kit foxes in Arizona

Author(s)
Zoellick, Bruce W. and Norman S. Smith
Pages
83-88
Year
Issue
1
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 12.3 home range as calculated with the grid-cell method km2 Male Adult 4 foxes 7.5 km NW Tonopah Exposure Factor Datasets 1.0 SE

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 86.2 g Female Juvenile 1 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 5 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolism of weasels: The cost of being long and thin

Author(s)
Brown, James H. and Robert C. Lasiewski
Pages
939-943
Year
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 153 g Female Adult Not Reported captured in White Pine County, NV Exposure Factor Datasets 3 SD Laboratory

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Care, management, and biology of captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
575-584
Year
Issue
5
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 4.38 pups/litter Female Adult 48 females Exposure Factor Datasets 2.38 SD Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 61.5 second estrus d Both Male and Female Embryo 4 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dispersal and home range of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in an area of population reduction in southern Alberta

Author(s)
Rosatte, Richard C. and John R. Gunson
Pages
315-319
Year
Issue
3
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Home Range 2.7 km2 Both Male and Female Juvenile 8 animals Alberta 49 deg. N, 112 deg. 45' W Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Mephitis mephitis

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and B.J. Verts
Pages
1-7
Year
Volume
173
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition review Both Male and Female Neonate Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecological aspects of winter dormancy in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Mutch, Graham G. R. and Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
607-615
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 142 calculated basal metabolic rate kcal/d Male Adult 5 Delta Marsh Mannitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 5 SE

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Sea otter (Enhydra lutris) activities within the vicinity of the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant, 1973-1978

Author(s)
Benech, S.V.
Pages
33-44
Year
Volume
1979
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 50 resident population density (see citation for map of study area) animals per study area Both Male and Female Not Reported 15-170 Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant; Point San Luis to Point Buchon Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 168 Net metabolizable energy Kcal/kg-d Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction, survival and tag loss in California sea otters

Author(s)
Siniff, Donald B., and Katherine Ralls
Pages
211-229
Year
Issue
3
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Clutches or Litters per year 0.9 annual reproductive rate based on number of pups born during monitoring period pups/year Female Adult 13 animals Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition vertebrates (fish; 50%), mollusks (37%), echinoderms (11%), annelid worms (1%), tunicates (<1%), crabs/shrimp (<1%) mean percent of total stomach content volume contributed by dietary items Not Reported Not Reported 309 stomachs Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

Breeding biology of the California Sea lion, Zalophus californianus

Author(s)
Odell, D. K.
Pages
374-378
Year
Volume
169
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - Aug. breeding season; pupping and mating Female Adult Not Reported San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mortality of California sea lion pups at Los Islotes, Baja California, Mexico

Author(s)
Aurioles, David and Francisco Sinsel
Pages
180-183
Year
Issue
1
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 51.6 mean annual minimum survival rate; data collection started 5-6 weeks after beginning of pupping season % Not Reported Pup 3 yrs Los Islotes, Baja California Sur Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO 7.7 SD
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Water Ingestion Rate 651 total daily water intake derived from sum of milk water intake and metabolic water production g/d Male Pup 24 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 2 mo 27.9 SE
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 0.130 2 years post el nino (1985); 0-2 months kg/d Not Reported Pup 38 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.006 SE
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 107.5 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Male Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 5.74 SE

San Joaquin Antelope Squirrel (Ammospermophilus nelsoni)

Citation:

Survival and home range in the Nelson antelope ground squirrel

Author(s)
Hawbecker, Albert C.
Pages
207-215
Year
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Longevity maximum observed age yr Not Reported Adult Not Reported Panoche (elev., 1200') Exposure Factor Datasets San Benito

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Multiple litters in the California ground squirrel, Spermophilus beecheyi fisheri, in Tulare county

Author(s)
Simpson, G. L., and T.K. Lamunyon
Pages
101-104
Year
Volume
9
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size embryos/female Female Adult Not Reported Coho creek Exposure Factor Datasets Tulare
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 7 #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

Ventilatory accommodation of changing oxygen demand in sciurid rodents

Author(s)
Chappell, Mark A.
Pages
722-730
Year
Volume
162
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 531 g Not Reported Not Reported 6 captured at University of California, Riverside Exposure Factor Datasets 75 Laboratory
Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality % tagged young surviving to following year to become breeding adults; range over 3 yrs % Both Male and Female Juvenile 321 - 339/yr San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The California Ground Squirrel

Author(s)
Linsdale, Jean M.
Pages
475
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Longevity 5 longest record of lifespan yrs Male Adult Not Reported Hastings Natural History Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 44.1 mean distance moved from site of initial capture m Male Not Reported 443 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Metabolic Rate 2.00 field metabolic rate estimated from doubly labeled water L CO2/d Not Reported Not Reported 4-9 per mo/15 mo Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino 0.45 SD
Citation:

Consumption of primary production by a population of kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami) in the Mojave desert

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
357-376
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition seeds (75%); leaves (20%); flowers (3%); stems (1%); arthropods (1%) % by weight of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 172 Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Consumption of herbaceaous vegetation and water during reproduction and development of Merriam's Kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
445-457
Year
Issue
2
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure of seasonal changes in % body fat % Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Energy relationships of the mammals of a desert shrub (Larrea tridentata) community

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Alice Eastlake Chew
Pages
1-20
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition Jan. - Mar. (begin); Apr. - May (peak); Aug. (end) Female Adult Not Reported San Simon Valley, Portal (elev., 1370 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of rodents in Indian Cove (Mojave Desert), Joshua Tree National Monument, California

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
203-225
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 155 cumulative home range diameter for 6-8 mo period m Both Male and Female Not Reported 34 Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth and development of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
75-95
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Growth Rate range in male and female % change in body weight per day following recapture during 4 trapping periods %/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets "subadult"
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 3.24 resting metabolism at 5 degrees C, in a natural nest cc O2/g/h Not Reported Not Reported 6 individuals Exposure Factor Datasets 0.12 SE Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Growth and development of Dipodomys stephensi

Author(s)
Lackey, James A.
Pages
624-632
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 67.26 g Both Male and Female Adult 14 Bonsall and San Luis Rey Exposure Factor Datasets San Diego
Citation:

Distances moved by Stephens' kangaroo rat (Dipodomys stephensi Merriam) and implications for conservation

Author(s)
Price, Mary V., Patrick A. Kelly and Ross L. Goldingay
Pages
929-939
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of median maximum distance moved based on monthly live trapping capture data at 2 sites m Female Juvenile 21-54 Motte Rock Ecological Reserve [lat., 33^o53'N; long., 117^o6'W] and San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o51'N; long., 116^o54'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Niche relationships of Dipodomys agilis and D. stephensi: two sympatric kangaroo rats of similar size

Author(s)
Price, Mary V., William S. Longland and Ross L. Goldingay
Pages
172-186
Year
Volume
126
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean 62.2 g Not Reported Not Reported 40 Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Temperature regulation in the little pocket mouse, Perognathus longimembris

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M., Robert G. Lindberg and Page Hayden
Pages
487-505
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate OC = 12.68 - 0.286T equation for average maintenance metabolism estimated as oxygen consumption (OC) at ambient temperatures (T; <30C). ml O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 27 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Cheek pouch capacities and loading rates of heteromyid rodents

Author(s)
VanderWall, Stephen B., William S. Longland, Sanjay Pyare and Joseph A. Veech
Pages
21-28
Year
Volume
113
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 7.4 g Both Male and Female Adult 8 Great Basin Desert, near Reno Exposure Factor Datasets 1.1 SD

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (4.8); Coleoptera larvae (0.1); Grasshoppers (2.5); Leaf hoppers (7.0); Lepidoptera adults (0.5); Lepidoptera larvae (1.3); Spiders (0.3); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (65.4); Total forbs (4.3) - Kochia scoparia (0.6); Total grasses and sedges (4.8); Total shrubs (2.6). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 97 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Food Ingestion Rate Range of weighted means of dry weights of stomach contents; mg Female Adult 33-116 Ward and McLean Counties Exposure Factor Datasets Gravid or lactating
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.70 #/litter Female Adult 10 Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets primiparous CANADA 0.54 SE
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 3.21 average resting metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at 14.45C ml O2/g/hr Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.10 SE
Citation:

Some rodent populations in the Sierra Nevada of California

Author(s)
Storer, T.I., F.C. Evans and F.G. Palmer
Pages
166-192
Year
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr. - Dec. Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei, in the northern Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
50-60
Year
Issue
1
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition seeds (6-49%); fruit (0-24%); arthropods (27-80%); leaves (0-20%); fungi (0-5%); misc. (0-18%) volumetric % of stomach contents, range of monthly means for 2 yrs. and 2 habitat types % Not Reported Not Reported 48-59 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500 - 5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

On the longevity of a deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus: A Canadian record

Author(s)
Davis, Hank
Pages
476
Year
Issue
3
Volume
104
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Longevity 7 yrs Male Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal home ranges and activity of small mammals of a Colorado subalpine forest

Author(s)
Merritt, Joseph F. and Joanie M. Merritt
Pages
195 - 202
Year
Volume
23
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 0.01 area of subniven runway systems ha Female Adult 5 eastern slope, Colorado Rocky Mountains (elev., 3120 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 0.36 SE
Citation:

Relationship between metabolic rate and energy expenditure for lactation in Peromyscus

Author(s)
Glazier, Douglas S.
Pages
587-590
Year
Issue
4
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 4.3 pups/litter Female Adult 10 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.36 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Home range relationships of three rodent species in southeast Oregon

Author(s)
Feldhamer, George A.
Pages
50-57
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 392.0 m2 Female Not Reported 8 sagebrush habitat, Malheur National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 173.2 - 573.3 (2-sigma)
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive pattern in four coexisting rodent species from the Cascade Mountains, Washington

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and Barnes, B. M.
Year
Issue
2
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.6 #/litter Female Adult 6 Cascade Mountains, Fish Lake [lat., 47^o, 49'N; long., 120^o, 40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.37 SD

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

Adaptations in movement patterns of two species of salt-marsh rodents

Author(s)
Fisler, George F.
Pages
96-103
Year
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of average maximum distance between captures for groups recaptured 2-9 times m Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported San Pablo salt marsh Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
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