Mammals

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Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Food habits of coyotes, Canis latrans, in eastern Tehama county, California

Author(s)
Barrett, Reginald H.
Pages
184-192
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 0.5 #/km2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Red Bluff Exposure Factor Datasets Tehama
Dietary Composition rodents (27.7%); rabbits (2.9%); carnivores (1.1%); ungulates (28.5%); birds (2.4%); reptiles (1.2%); fish (0.3%); invertebrates (1.9%); vegetable matter (34.0%) annual average % relative frequency of occurrence in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 1042 scats Red Bluff Exposure Factor Datasets Tehama
Citation:

Home range and habitat use of coyotes in southeastern Colorado

Author(s)
Gese, Eric M., Orrin J. Rongstad and William R. Mytton
Pages
640-646
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 11.3 mean annual home range of resident coyotes km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 56 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 5.8 SD
Home Range 106.5 mean annual home range of transient coyotes km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 16 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 27.7 SD
Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 31.3 minimum area home range km2 Male Adult 5 Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 42.5 SD
Home Range 39.9 minimum area home range km2 Female Juvenile 4 Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 27.6 SD
Citation:

Energy requirements of eastern coyotes

Author(s)
Pekins, Peter J. and William W. Mautz
Pages
656-659
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 163.5 field metabolic rate estimated as 3 times basal metabolic rate kcal/kg Both Male and Female Adult 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 9.1 kg Male Juvenile 32 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.0 yr 0.2 SE
Body Weight - Mean 8.0 kg Female Juvenile 50 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.0 yr 0.1 SE
Citation:

Food habits of the coyote in California

Author(s)
Ferrel, Carol M., Howard R. Leach and Daniel F. Tillotson
Pages
301-341
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodent (24.5%); deer (11.4%); other stock (12.1%); rabbit (22.9%); misc. (10.5%); sheep (9.7%); bird (3.4%); vegetation (5.5%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 813 inland Sierra region Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition rodent (19.2%); deer (5.0%); other stock (12.4%); rabbit (41.5%); misc. (12.4%); sheep (6.6%); bird (2.1%); vegetation (0.8%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 94 eastern region Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights kg Female Adult Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights kg Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Longevity of captive mammals

Author(s)
Jones, Marvin L.
Pages
113-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Longevity 21 yr, 10 mo captive longevity record yr, mo Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1859 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 42d Laboratory
Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in central Alberta, 1964-1968

Author(s)
Nellis, Carl H. and Lloyd B. Keith
Pages
389-399
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 29.3 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 km Both Male and Female Juvenile 22 Rochester, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 8.9 SE
Citation:

Summer food habits and population density of coyotes, Canis latrans, in boreal forests of sutheastern Quebec

Author(s)
Samson, Claude and Michel Crete
Pages
227-233
Year
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition see citation figure of monthly average volume (%) of food items in scats during 2 summers Both Male and Female Not Reported 666 scat samples Gaspesie Conservation Park and Chic-Chocs Game Reserve [lat., 49^o00N'; long., 66^o00' W] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Social distribution and population estimates of coyotes in north-central Montana

Author(s)
Pyrah, Duane
Pages
670-690
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 7.8 mean den area; land area around a den or rendezvous used by group km2 Female Adult 3 Missouri River Breaks Exposure Factor Datasets

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Notes on ecology and food of the Kit fox in Central Utah

Author(s)
Smith, Dwight G.
Pages
96 - 98
Year
Issue
2
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.5 mean litter size pups Female Adult 8 litters Exposure Factor Datasets

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 24 % body weight consumed/d Both Male and Female Juvenile 7 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 8-10 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Measurement of weasel body size

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R.
Pages
2277-2279
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 199.2 g Male Adult 46 northern/central ID and Whitman County, WA Exposure Factor Datasets 35.0 SD
Citation:

Mustela frenata

Author(s)
Sheffield, Steven R. and Howard H. Thomas
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
570
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Growth Rate review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 2.81 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 16 animals Bearville study area; Itasca county Exposure Factor Datasets > 1.5 years 0.14 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation days Both Male and Female Embryo 59 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Parameters of population and seasonal activity of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in Alberta and Saskatchewan

Author(s)
Schowalter, David B. and John R. Gunson
Pages
409-420
Year
Issue
4
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean kg Male Adult 284 males Saskatchewan; Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Evaluation of mark-recapture for estimating striped skunk abundance

Author(s)
Greenwood, Raymond J., Alan B. Sargeant and Douglas H. Johnson
Pages
332-340
Year
Issue
2
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 242 ha Female Not Reported 24 animals Walum, ND Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 119 SD
Citation:

Ecological aspects of winter dormancy in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Mutch, Graham G. R. and Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
607-615
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 2584 g Male Adult 5 Delta Marsh Mannitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 20.9 SE

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Movements, home range, and territories of male sea otters off central California

Author(s)
Jameson, Ronald J.
Pages
159-172
Year
Issue
2
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 6.5 yr Male 22 Central coast Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 269 mL/kg-d Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 25 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Food selection and some foraging tactics of sea otters

Author(s)
Estes, J.A., R.J. Jameson and A.M. Johnson
Pages
606-641
Publisher
Worldwide Furbearer Conference, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition unidentifed crab (15.0%), pugettia (4.5%), cancer species (6.8%), unidentified abalone (0%), red abalone (0%), black abalone (0%), clam (0.8%), turbon snail (19.6%), kelp and holdfasts (0%), unidentifed (42.9%), mussel (0.8%), annelid (0%), limpet (0%), scallop (0%), octopus (0.8%), red urchin (6.0%), cucumaria (0%), purple urchin (2.3%), pisaster species (0.8%), barnacle (0%) dietary composition for juveniles % Both Male and Female Juvenile 156 Piedras Blancas Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 1.96 kg Female Juvenile 6 Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets newborn
Citation:

Movement and spatial use patterns of California sea otters

Author(s)
Ralls, Katherine, Thomas C. Eagle and Donald B. Siniff
Pages
1841-1849
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range daily home range, estimated from hourly trangulations during 24-hr watches using the minimum convex polygon method ha Male Juvenile 5 animals Monterey to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 7.37 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Female Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 0.242 SE
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 723 daily milk intake g/d Male Pup 24 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 31.0 SE
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 8.6 mean weight; 2 years post el Nino (1985) kg Not Reported Neonate 16 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.227 SE
Citation:

Relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption during steady-state swimming in California sea lions

Author(s)
Butler, P. J., A. J. Woakes, I.L. Boyd and S. Kanatous
Pages
35-42
Year
Volume
170
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 26.9 metabolic rate during excercise ml O2/min/kg Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.9 SE Laboratory

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of monthly mean weights over 4 yrs g Male Adult 4 - 63/mo San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range, population structure, and spatial organization of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Boellstorff, Diane E. and Donald H. Owings
Pages
551-561
Year
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Home Range 270 m2 Male Adult 12 Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda postbreeding
Citation:

Patterns of progesterone secretion in free-living California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, K.E., S. Nunes and F. Talamantes
Pages
1051-1059
Year
Issue
5
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 28-30 d Female Adult 128 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range 0.36 above ground area occupied for at least one mo acres Male Adult 21 Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

The behaviour of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Owings, Donald H., Mark Borchert and Ross Virginia
Pages
221-230
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Home Range 4217.07 m2 Female Adult 5 Capay (elev., 305 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo 1515.67 SD

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Population Ecology of a desert rodent: Dipodomys merriami in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Zeng, Zongyong and James H. Brown
Pages
1328-1340
Year
Issue
5
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 7.8 #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported 782 Cave Creek Bajada, Cochise County (elev., 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dispersal distance and the range of nightly movements in Merriam's kangaroo rats

Author(s)
Jones, Thomas W.
Pages
27-34
Year
Issue
1
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 46.5 median lifetime distance moved from home range center (from first to last capture) m Male Adult 36 Portal Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Minimal metabolism, summit metabolism and plasma thryoxine in rodent from different environments

Author(s)
Hulbert, A.J., D.S. Hinds and R.E. MacMillen
Pages
687-693
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate range of mean "minimal metabolism" estimated as oxygen consumption at 32C ml O2/g/h Not Reported Not Reported 8 captured in San Bernadino and Riverside Counties, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.02 embryos/female Female Adult Not Reported Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproduction and food habits of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Bradley, W. Glenn and Roger A. Mauer
Pages
497-507
Year
Issue
3
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of seasonal changes in mean body weight g Both Male and Female Adult 2-96/mo Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation none Female Adult Not Reported Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo
Citation:

Energy metabolism and body water turnover rates of two species of free-living kangaroo rats, Dipodomys merriami and Dipodomys microps

Author(s)
Mullen, Robert K.
Pages
379-390
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Metabolic Rate range of monthly estimated energy expenditures in the field kcal/g/d Not Reported Adult 1 - 5/mo Rock Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 33 g Female Not Reported NR (74 males and females total) Owens Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.32 SE

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

The reproduction of heteromyid rodents in captivity

Author(s)
Eisenberg, John F. and Donald E. Isaac
Pages
61-67
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of changes in weight over time g Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 140 d Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Temporal and spatial demographic patterns in Dipodomys stephensi from Riverside County, California

Author(s)
McClenaghan, Leroy R. Jr. and Ernest Taylor
Pages
636-645
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 26.2 average density over 19 mo study #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported 96 Motte Rimrock Reserve [lat., 33^o47'30"N; long., 117^o15'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

An age-structured demographic model for endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Price, Mary V. and Patrick A. Kelly
Pages
810-821
Year
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year range over 2 yrs litters/yr Female Adult 8-14/yr Motte Rimrock Reserve and San Jacinto Wildlife Area Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Ecology of rodents in Indian Cove (Mojave Desert), Joshua Tree National Monument, California

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
203-225
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of annual weight means for 2 yrs g Both Male and Female Adult 31 - 65/yr Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate S = -9.37T + 408 seed consumption (S) in mg/g bw/d as a function of ambient temperature, in centigrade (T) Not Reported Not Reported 8 individuals Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition ANIMAL MATTER: Coleoptera adults (10.9); Coleoptera larvae (24.4); Grasshoppers (2.6); Leaf hoppers (0.1); Lepidoptera adults (2.1); Lepidoptera larvae (17.6); Spiders (2.8); PLANT MATTER: Seeds (11.4); Total forbs (9.5) - Kochia scoparia (3.6); Total grasses and sedges (1.7); Total shrubs (1.7). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 123 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 485 "maintenance" metabolic rate cal/g/day Not Reported Adult 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 25 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 23 gestation length: 5 days pre-implantation + 18 days visible pregnancy. d Female Adult 44 Pinawa, Manitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Metabolic Rate 5.76 average daily metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at -17.7C ml O2/g/hr Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.22 SE
Citation:

Field and maximal metabolic rates of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) at low and high altitudes

Author(s)
Hayes, Jack P.
Pages
732-744
Year
Issue
3
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 17.6 g Both Male and Female Adult 20 White Mountain Research Station (elev., 3800 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo, Mono 2.91 SD
Citation:

Reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei) in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
44-58
Year
Issue
1
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Feb. - Mar. (begin), Mar. - May (peak), July - Aug. (possible 2nd peak), Aug. - Dec. (end) based on % fecund specimens Both Male and Female Adult 1546 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500-5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets Plumas
Citation:

Dispersion patterns of mice in California annual grassland

Author(s)
Batzli, George O.
Pages
239-250
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density see citation figure of seasonal changes in density #/acre Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Grass Valley Regional Park Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda
Citation:

Home ranges of the meadow vole and deer mouse (on a reclamation test pit in eastern Montana)

Author(s)
McCann, Steve A.
Pages
11-17
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.51 acres Male Adult 8 Consolidation Coal Company test pit, Roundup Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The ecology of the deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus in a coastal coniferous forest. II. Reproduction

Author(s)
Sadleir, R.M.F.S.
Pages
119-131
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.52 based on embryo counts #/litter Female Adult 57 University of British Columbia Research Forest Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.16 SD
Citation:

Body composition, energy content, and lipid cycles of four species of rodents

Author(s)
Fleharty, Eugene D., M. E. Krause and Dan P. Stinnett
Pages
426-438
Year
Issue
2
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Fat (total or %) lipid content as % dry body weight % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 12 /season Ellis County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive pattern in four coexisting rodent species from the Cascade Mountains, Washington

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and Barnes, B. M.
Year
Issue
2
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Body Weight - Mean 16.5 g Female Adult 45 Cascade Mountains, Fish Lake [lat., 47^o, 49'N; long., 120^o, 40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets non-pregnant 2.3 SD

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

A population study of the harvest mice (Reithrodontomys raviventris Dixon) in the Palo Alto Baylands Salt Marsh

Author(s)
Wondolleck, John T., William Zolan and Gary L. Stevens
Pages
52-64
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality 2/19 2 out of 19 juveniles reached adult size survival ratio Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Palo Alto Baylands Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Supression of growth and reproduction of microtine rodents by social factors

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., Lowell L. Getz, and Sarah S. Hurley
Pages
583-591
Year
Issue
4
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation d Both Male and Female Embryo Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Microhabitat heterogeneity and population ecology of an herbivorous rodent, Microtus califonicus

Author(s)
Cockburn, A., and W. Z. Lidicker, Jr.
Pages
167-177
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean range of mean values for 4 grids over 3 yrs g Female Adult 1 - 24 Russell Reservation, Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa non-breeding
Citation:

Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus II. variation between populations

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
1174-1182
Year
Issue
6
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 5.23 inhabiting annual grassland enclosure pups/litter Female Adult 42 captured in Contra Costa County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.33 SE Laboratory
Growth Rate 2.9 change in body weight g/wk Male Juvenile 18 captured in Sonoma County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.3 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Analysis of two freely-growing enclosed populations of the California vole

Author(s)
Lidicker, William Z.
Pages
447-466
Year
Issue
3
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size pups/litter Female Adult 35 females Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean >40 g Male Adult Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Reproduction in a coastal California population of the field mouse, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Greenwald, Gilbert S.
Pages
421-466
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Jan. - June major breeding season Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Francisco Bay, San Rafael Exposure Factor Datasets Marin

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Sylvilagus audubonii

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A. and Gale R. Willner
Pages
1-4
Year
Volume
106
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Reproduction of the brush rabbit in California

Author(s)
Mossman, Archie S.
Pages
177-184
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutches or Litters per year estimated by dividing breeding season length by gestation time litters/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa, Lake, Marin, Napa

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

San Joaquin kit fox: its distribution and abundance

Author(s)
Laughrin, Lyndal
Pages
20
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife Management Branch Administrative Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 1 estimated average density based on censuses and literature values fox/2.8 mi2 Both Male and Female Adult 108 dens Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, T.P.
Pages
207-208
Year
Volume
172
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying December time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Elk Hills Naval and Buena Vista Petroleum Reserves Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Competetive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kit foxes

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L. and Kenneth A. Spencer
Pages
204-214
Year
Issue
1
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Survival/ Mortality 61.0 mean annual mortality rate over 13 years % Not Reported Adult 306 foxes Naval Petroleum Reserves in California Exposure Factor Datasets Kern 5.2 SE

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Preliminary studies of the kit fox in Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
351-357
Year
Issue
3
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition March to early April time of whelping Female Adult Not Reported Tooele County, west. UT, elev. 4300-4800 ft Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. austerus)

Citation:

The effect of extra food on small rodents populations: deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Taitt, M.J.
Pages
111-124
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying spring-summer period of peak activity Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Douglas fir forest, Vancouver Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.49 existence metabolic rate for captive animals at 20 C kcal/g/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets winter-acclimatized Laboratory
Citation:

Ambient temperature and rainfall: an effect on sex ratio and litter size in deer mice

Author(s)
Myers, Philip, Lawrence L. Master and R. Angelitos Garrett
Pages
289-298
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1.53 g Both Male and Female Neonate 55 captured pregnant mice during fall at Ann Arbor, MI Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d Laboratory
Citation:

Development and growth of the prarie deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Svihla, Arthur
Pages
109-115
Year
Volume
16
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate see citation figure of changes in body weight over time g/d Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 39 Exposure Factor Datasets 0 - 58d Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis

Author(s)
Millar, J.S.
Pages
510-515
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 5.03 Female Adult 98 Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets 0.18 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Survival/ Mortality 81 average summer survival per 14 d % Both Male and Female Juvenile 639 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets "young of the yr" CANADA
Citation:

Growth of seasonal generations in three natural populations of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Gyug, Les W., and John S. Millar
Pages
510-514
Year
Issue
3
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 19.7 g Male Adult 55 Heart Lake Biological Station, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.33

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.25 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Juvenile 46 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.04 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. labecula)

Citation:

Growth in two subspecies of Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drickamer, Lee C. and Joan Bernstein
Pages
228-231
Year
Issue
1
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 2.1 g Male Neonate 22 captured in Mexico Exposure Factor Datasets 1 d 0.1 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 19.2 mean age at physiological independence d Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

Food habits of sympatric Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Wolff, Jerry O., Raymond D. Dueser, and Kendell S. Berry
Pages
795-798
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Arthropods (30.0 +/- 3.62% SE), Lepidopteran larvae (0.2 +/- 0.16% SE), Lepidopteran adults (25.6 +/- 4.32% SE), Fruit (3.5 +/- 2.06% SE), Green vegetation (12.3 +/- 3.35% SE), Fungi (0.3 +/- 0.29% SE), Nuts/Seeds (24.0 +/- 6.98% SE), Unknown (4.1 +/- 2.12% SE) Mean percentage frequency of occurrence of each item in stomach contents Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 20 Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles Co. Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

The skin and respiratory water losses of Peromyscus maniculatus sonoriensis

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M.
Pages
463-467
Year
Issue
3
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Surface Area range of means for 6 groups, estimated from removed skins cm2 Not Reported Adult 11/group Mice trapped near Palmdale, Los Angeles County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolic rate and its temperature-adaptive significance in six geographic races of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Hayward, J. S.
Pages
309-323
Year
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean 20.38 g Not Reported Not Reported 5 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3 young/litter Female Adult Not Reported Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)

Citation:

Orientation and homing of the brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A.
Pages
686-699
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 99.0 mean and range of one standard diameter, home range estimated by "center of activity" method ft Female Juvenile 14 E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis Exposure Factor Datasets 37.4 SD

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Age, sex, and weight comparisons in three species of shrews

Author(s)
Rudd, Robert L.
Pages
323-338
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean monthly weights g Male Adult 3-10/mo San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Sorex ornatus

Author(s)
Owen, James G. and Robert S. Hoffman
Pages
1-5
Year
Volume
212
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Molt review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Hermanson, John W. and Thomas J. O'Shea
Pages
1-8
Year
Volume
213
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Circannual rhythms of body weight in pallid bats

Author(s)
Beasley, Laura J., Kimberly M. Pelz and Irving Zucker
Pages
R955-R958
Year
Issue
6
Volume
246
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 32.6 g Male Adult 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Napa 0.9 SE
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal mid-Oct. time of dispersal of summer roost colonies Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Vocal communication in the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Brown, Patricia
Pages
34-54
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 7-10 age at weaning wks Both Male and Female Juvenile 20 bats Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
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