Mammals

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Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights kg Male Adult Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean range of average weights kg Female Adult Not Reported Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Coyote morphometric characteristics and mass dynamics in the San Joaquin Valley, California

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L.
Pages
360-365
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 12.1 kg Male Adult 82 Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) Exposure Factor Datasets >2yr Kern 0.2 SE
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 867 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 30d Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 1859 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 42d Laboratory
Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in central Alberta, 1964-1968

Author(s)
Nellis, Carl H. and Lloyd B. Keith
Pages
389-399
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 14.6 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 km Both Male and Female Pup 28 Rochester, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 4.2 SE
Home Range 29.3 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 km Both Male and Female Juvenile 22 Rochester, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 8.9 SE
Citation:

Summer food habits and population density of coyotes, Canis latrans, in boreal forests of sutheastern Quebec

Author(s)
Samson, Claude and Michel Crete
Pages
227-233
Year
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density range of density estimates #/10 km2 Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Gaspesie Conservation Park and Chic-Chocs Game Reserve [lat., 49^o00N'; long., 66^o00' W] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Dietary Composition see citation figure of monthly average volume (%) of food items in scats during 2 summers Both Male and Female Not Reported 666 scat samples Gaspesie Conservation Park and Chic-Chocs Game Reserve [lat., 49^o00N'; long., 66^o00' W] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Food habits of coyotes, Canis latrans, in eastern Tehama county, California

Author(s)
Barrett, Reginald H.
Pages
184-192
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 0.5 #/km2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Red Bluff Exposure Factor Datasets Tehama
Citation:

Home range and habitat use of coyotes in southeastern Colorado

Author(s)
Gese, Eric M., Orrin J. Rongstad and William R. Mytton
Pages
640-646
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 11.3 mean annual home range of resident coyotes km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 56 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Las Animas County (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets 5.8 SD
Citation:

Coyote movements, habitat use, and food habits in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Litvaitis, John A. and James H. Shaw
Pages
62-68
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 31.3 minimum area home range km2 Male Adult 5 Wichita Mountains National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets 42.5 SD
Citation:

Energy requirements of eastern coyotes

Author(s)
Pekins, Peter J. and William W. Mautz
Pages
656-659
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 163.5 field metabolic rate estimated as 3 times basal metabolic rate kcal/kg Both Male and Female Adult 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Body size and condition of coyotes in southern Texas

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Richard M. Engeman and Jeffrey F. Bromaghin
Pages
47 - 52
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 9.1 kg Male Juvenile 32 Webb County [lat., 27^o20'-28^o00N; long., 99^o00'-99^o40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1.0 yr 0.2 SE
Citation:

Food habits of the coyote in California

Author(s)
Ferrel, Carol M., Howard R. Leach and Daniel F. Tillotson
Pages
301-341
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition rodent (24.5%); deer (11.4%); other stock (12.1%); rabbit (22.9%); misc. (10.5%); sheep (9.7%); bird (3.4%); vegetation (5.5%) overall % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 813 inland Sierra region Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Longevity of captive mammals

Author(s)
Jones, Marvin L.
Pages
113-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Longevity 21 yr, 10 mo captive longevity record yr, mo Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Notes on ecology and food of the Kit fox in Central Utah

Author(s)
Smith, Dwight G.
Pages
96 - 98
Year
Issue
2
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 1 mean animal density in study area adult/12.9 km^2 Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.5 mean litter size pups Female Adult 8 litters Exposure Factor Datasets

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Growth and behavior of a litter of captive long-tailed weasels

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Pages
412-415
Year
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 22 % body weight consumed/d Both Male and Female Juvenile 7 captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 5-7 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Notes on the ecology of weasels in Gunnison County, Colorado

Author(s)
Quick, Horace F.
Pages
281-290
Year
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 2 #/mi2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Gunnison County (elev., >7500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mustela frenata

Author(s)
Sheffield, Steven R. and Howard H. Thomas
Pages
1-9
Year
Volume
570
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 3.84 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 15 animals Bearville study area; Itasca county Exposure Factor Datasets >1.5 years 0.19 SE
Citation:

Reproduction in captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Wade-Smith, Julia and Milo E. Richmond
Pages
452-455
Year
Issue
2
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Time of Mating/ Laying mid-February-mid April Both Male and Female Adult 25-200 animals Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Parameters of population and seasonal activity of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in Alberta and Saskatchewan

Author(s)
Schowalter, David B. and John R. Gunson
Pages
409-420
Year
Issue
4
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean kg Female Adult 556 females Saskatchewan; Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Evaluation of mark-recapture for estimating striped skunk abundance

Author(s)
Greenwood, Raymond J., Alan B. Sargeant and Douglas H. Johnson
Pages
332-340
Year
Issue
2
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 308 ha Male Not Reported 15 males Walum, ND Exposure Factor Datasets 170 SD
Citation:

Ecological aspects of winter dormancy in the striped skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Author(s)
Mutch, Graham G. R. and Aleksiuk, Michael
Pages
607-615
Year
Issue
3
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 3769 g Male Adult 5 Delta Marsh Mannitoba Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.91 SE

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Movements, home range, and territories of male sea otters off central California

Author(s)
Jameson, Ronald J.
Pages
159-172
Year
Issue
2
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean Individual data available in Table 2 kg Male Juvenile 33 Central coast Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 21.6 % of body mass/d Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.3 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Food selection and some foraging tactics of sea otters

Author(s)
Estes, J.A., R.J. Jameson and A.M. Johnson
Pages
606-641
Publisher
Worldwide Furbearer Conference, Inc.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition unidentifed crab (11.5%), pugettia (8.9%), cancer species (11.0%), unidentified abalone (0.7%), red abalone (1.0%), black abalone (0%), clam (2.9%), turbon snail (12.0%), kelp and holdfasts (0.2%), unidentifed (37.7%), mussel (2.6%), annelid (1.0%), limpet (0.2%), scallop (0%), octopus (6.2%), red urchin (0%), cucumaria (0.2%), purple uechin (1.0%), pisaster species (1.7%), barnacle (1.2%) dietary composition for adults % Both Male and Female Adult 608 Piedras Blancas Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The sea otter in the eastern Pacific Ocean

Author(s)
Kenyon, Karl W.
Pages
1-352
Year
Issue
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 1.75 kg Male Juvenile 4 Amchitka Island Exposure Factor Datasets newborn
Citation:

Movement and spatial use patterns of California sea otters

Author(s)
Ralls, Katherine, Thomas C. Eagle and Donald B. Siniff
Pages
1841-1849
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range daily home range, estimated from hourly trangulations during 24-hr watches using the minimum convex polygon method ha Male Adult 9 animals Monterey to San Luis Obispo Exposure Factor Datasets

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 8.00 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Male Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 0.260 SE
Citation:

Seasonal and annual variability in the diet of California Sea Lions Zalophus californianus at San Nicholas Island, California, 1981-86

Author(s)
Lowry, Mark S., Brent S. Stewart, Carolyn B. Heath, Pamela K. Yochem and John M. Francis
Pages
331-336
Year
Issue
2
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (50.6%); Pacific whiting (29.3%); jack mackerel (27.9%); rockfish (25.9%); Pacific mackerel (11.3%); unid. fishes (6.6%); market squid (21.9%); octopus (6.4%); squid, Onychoteuthis (4.7%); squid, Abraliopsis (2.2%); pelagic red crab (10.8%) % frequency of occurrence of major (>2%) prey in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 1232 scats San Nicholas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 8.2 mean weight, post el Nino 1984 kg Not Reported Neonate 16 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.229 SE
Citation:

The pinnipeds of the California current

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A. and Clifford H. Fiscus
Pages
68-78
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - June breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Ecology of the California ground squirrel on grazing lands

Author(s)
Fitch, Henry S.
Pages
559-596
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of monthly mean weights over 4 yrs g Female Adult 5 - 58/mo San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range, population structure, and spatial organization of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Boellstorff, Diane E. and Donald H. Owings
Pages
551-561
Year
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Home Range 309.3 m2 Male Adult 21 Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda breeding
Citation:

Natural history of the ground squirrels of California

Author(s)
Grinnel, J. and J.S. Dixon
Pages
597-708
Year
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 5 yrs Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Longevity 3+ oldest individuals recaptured yrs Male Adult 2 Calaveras Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

The behaviour of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Owings, Donald H., Mark Borchert and Ross Virginia
Pages
221-230
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Home Range 5466.78 m2 Male Adult 2 Capay (elev., 305 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Yolo 1897.19 SD
Citation:

The annual cycle of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Tomich, P. Quentin
Pages
213-282
Year
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate see citation figure of body weight changes over time g/d Both Male and Female 6 litters Exposure Factor Datasets 0-50 d Laboratory

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

The influence of ambient temperature, seed composition and body size on water balance and seed selection in coexisting heteromyid rodents

Author(s)
Hulbert, A.J. and Richard E. MacMillen
Pages
521-526
Year
Issue
4
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean range of means of initial weights for 3 experimental groups g Not Reported Not Reported 9/group captured at Joshua Tree, San Bernadino County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Dispersal distance and the range of nightly movements in Merriam's kangaroo rats

Author(s)
Jones, Thomas W.
Pages
27-34
Year
Issue
1
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 2 yrs Not Reported Adult Not Reported Portal Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Minimal metabolism, summit metabolism and plasma thryoxine in rodent from different environments

Author(s)
Hulbert, A.J., D.S. Hinds and R.E. MacMillen
Pages
687-693
Year
Volume
81
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean g Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported captured in San Bernadino and Riverside Counties, CA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition seed (77%); vegetation (18%); arthropod (4.5%); feces (0.5%) % of total dry matter of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 4-9 per mo/15 mo Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Reproduction and food habits of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Bradley, W. Glenn and Roger A. Mauer
Pages
497-507
Year
Issue
3
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year litters/yr Female Adult Not Reported Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 2.46 pups/itter Female Adult Not Reported Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.72 SD
Citation:

Energy metabolism and body water turnover rates of two species of free-living kangaroo rats, Dipodomys merriami and Dipodomys microps

Author(s)
Mullen, Robert K.
Pages
379-390
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Metabolic Rate range of mean monthly carbon dioxide production rates in the field ml CO2/g/hr Not Reported Adult 1 - 5/mo Rock Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 36 g Male Not Reported NR (74 males and females total) Owens Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.22 SE

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

The reproduction of heteromyid rodents in captivity

Author(s)
Eisenberg, John F. and Donald E. Isaac
Pages
61-67
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 32 d Female Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Temporal and spatial demographic patterns in Dipodomys stephensi from Riverside County, California

Author(s)
McClenaghan, Leroy R. Jr. and Ernest Taylor
Pages
636-645
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density 19.7 average density over 19 mo study #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported 87 San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o52'N; long., 117^o7'15"W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

An age-structured demographic model for endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Price, Mary V. and Patrick A. Kelly
Pages
810-821
Year
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density see citation figure of monthly population densities at two sites #/ha Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Motte Rimrock Reserve and San Jacinto Wildlife Area Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Ecology of rodents in Indian Cove (Mojave Desert), Joshua Tree National Monument, California

Author(s)
Chew, Robert M. and Bernard B. Butterworth
Pages
203-225
Year
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density range in monthly density estimates over 2 yrs #/ha Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Indian Cove, Joshua Tree National Monument Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality overwinter survival rates for sampled populations, measured for 3 consecutive years Not Reported Not Reported 11-27 individuals/yr Owens Valley (1,220 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Food habits of four species of rodents on a short-grass prairie in Colorado

Author(s)
Flake, Lester D.
Pages
636-647
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Diptera adult (0.5); Coleoptera adult (9.8); Coleoptera egg (0.2); Coleoptera larva (4.8); Hemiptera - Leaf hopper (4.6); Hymenoptera - Ant (0.2); Lepidoptera adult (1.9); Lepidoptera larva (6.0); Orthoptera - Cricket (0.4), Grasshopper (5.6); Spiders (2.4); Centipedes (0.1); Unidentified arthropods (1.7); Tissues of small animals (0.4); Forbs (7.8); Grasses and Sedges (3.4); Shrubs (2.2); Fungi - Endogone (1.1); Lichens (0.4); Mosses (0.1); Seeds (39.0). estimated percent volume, by ranking method, of total matter in stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 656 Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bioenergetics of North Plains rodents

Author(s)
Johnson, Donald R. and Karen L. Groepper
Year
Issue
2
Volume
84
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Body Weight - Mean 22.0 g Female Adult 1 captured in North Dakota, Wyoming and Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets Lactating Laboratory
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Growth Rate range of mean daily weight gains from birth to 30 days g/d Both Male and Female Juvenile 5-45/time Exposure Factor Datasets 0-30 d Laboratory
Citation:

Metabolic rates of Peromyscus maniculatus in winter, spring and summer

Author(s)
Stebbins, Lucius L., Reginald Orich and John Nagy
Pages
99-104
Year
Volume
25
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean g Male Adult 4 animals placed in cages in forest near Lethbridge, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Density cycles in an island population of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drost, Charles A. and Gary M. Fellers
Pages
351-364
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 2 Minimum density #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported grassland habitat, Santa Barbara Island [lat.,33^o29' N, long., 119^o02' W] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei) in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
44-58
Year
Issue
1
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.6 based on # of implanted embryos; monthly means (Mar. - Nov.) ranged from 4.0 - 5.7 #/litter Female Adult 96 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500-5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets Plumas 0.11 SE
Citation:

Life History Parameters in Mice Exposed to a Prolonged Drought

Author(s)
Morton, Martin L., Michael L. Morrison, Linnea S. Hall and Maria E. Pereyra
Pages
18-28
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.50 #/litter Female Adult 4 Pinyon-juniper zone near Westgard Pass (elev., 2500 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 1.29 SD
Citation:

Home ranges of the meadow vole and deer mouse (on a reclamation test pit in eastern Montana)

Author(s)
McCann, Steve A.
Pages
11-17
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.35 acres Female Juvenile 8 Consolidation Coal Company test pit, Roundup Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Relationships between respiratory quotient and metabolic rate during entry to and arousal from daily torpor in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Nestler, James R.
Pages
504-515
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 4.23 oxygen consumption at 10C prior to torpor ml O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 17 captured in Boulder County, CO Exposure Factor Datasets 0.44 SD Laboratory
Citation:

Field populations of deermice with supplemental food

Author(s)
Fordham, R. A.
Pages
138-146
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Food Ingestion Rate amount of grain removed per mouse per day at site receiving supplemental food g/animal/d Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive pattern in four coexisting rodent species from the Cascade Mountains, Washington

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and Barnes, B. M.
Year
Issue
2
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Body Weight - Mean 16.2 g Male Adult 86 Cascade Mountains, Fish Lake [lat., 47^o,49'N; long., 120^o, 40'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 2.0 SD

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

A population study of the harvest mice (Reithrodontomys raviventris Dixon) in the Palo Alto Baylands Salt Marsh

Author(s)
Wondolleck, John T., William Zolan and Gary L. Stevens
Pages
52-64
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range for 4 habitat types #/1000 m2 Not Reported Not Reported 3 - 128 animals/type Palo Alto Baylands Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Supression of growth and reproduction of microtine rodents by social factors

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., Lowell L. Getz, and Sarah S. Hurley
Pages
583-591
Year
Issue
4
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Sexual Maturity 30 time when females became perforate and males became scrotal d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Microhabitat heterogeneity and population ecology of an herbivorous rodent, Microtus califonicus

Author(s)
Cockburn, A., and W. Z. Lidicker, Jr.
Pages
167-177
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean range of mean values for 4 grids over 3 yrs g Female Adult 1 - 42 Russell Reservation, Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Citation:

Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus II. variation between populations

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
1174-1182
Year
Issue
6
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 3.45 inhabiting perennial grassland enclosure pups/litter Female Adult 20 captured in Sonoma County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.32 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Territoriality and mating system of California voles

Author(s)
Ostfeld, Richard S.
Pages
691-706
Year
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Home Range 87.5 estimated by minimum area probability (0.95) method m2 Male Adult 2 Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets subadult Contra Costa 1.5 SE
Citation:

Condition and diet of cycling populations of the California Vole, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Batzli, George O. and Frank A Pitelka
Pages
141-163
Year
Issue
1
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean <25 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Pages
740-750
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 157 fed ryegrass seeds for 21 d mg/g/d Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 5 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction in a coastal California population of the field mouse, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Greenwald, Gilbert S.
Pages
421-466
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Longevity 1 maximum length of life in wild yr Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Francisco Bay, San Rafael Exposure Factor Datasets Marin

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii), Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Home range - body mass allometry in rabbits and hares (Leporidae)

Author(s)
Swihart, Robert K.
Pages
139-148
Year
Volume
31
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review see citation for home range allometry for 14 species of lagomorphs Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Reproduction of the brush rabbit in California

Author(s)
Mossman, Archie S.
Pages
177-184
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 4 young/litter Female Adult 14 Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa, Lake, Marin, Napa

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

San Joaquin kit fox: its distribution and abundance

Author(s)
Laughrin, Lyndal
Pages
20
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Wildlife Management Branch Administrative Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, T.P.
Pages
207-208
Year
Volume
172
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity 22 mo Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Elk Hills Naval and Buena Vista Petroleum Reserves Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Competetive interactions between coyotes and San Joaquin kit foxes

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L. and Kenneth A. Spencer
Pages
204-214
Year
Issue
1
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition see figure bar graph showing use of leporids, rodents, insects and other food items over 6 years Not Reported Not Reported 449 scat samples Naval Petroleum Reserves in California Exposure Factor Datasets Kern

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
481-497
Year
Issue
3
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size pups/litter Female Adult 11 litters Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. artemisiae)

Citation:

Ecological notes on deer mice in Grand Teton National Park, Wyoming

Author(s)
Clark, Tim W.
Pages
14-16
Year
Volume
49
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition green plant materials (3.0%); seed fragments (7.0%); arthropods (48.0%); other animal tissue (8.0%); unidentified (33%) % volume of stomach contents % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 39 Grand Teton National Park Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.60 existence metabolism for captive animals at 20 C kcal/g/d Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets summer-acclimatized Laboratory
Citation:

Ambient temperature and rainfall: an effect on sex ratio and litter size in deer mice

Author(s)
Myers, Philip, Lawrence L. Master and R. Angelitos Garrett
Pages
289-298
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1.64 g Both Male and Female Neonate 63 captured pregnant mice in spring at Ann Arbor, MI Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d Laboratory
Citation:

Development and growth of the prarie deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Svihla, Arthur
Pages
109-115
Year
Volume
16
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 1.62 g Not Reported Neonate 39 Exposure Factor Datasets 0 d 0.13 Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis

Author(s)
Millar, J.S.
Pages
510-515
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 21.4 average weaning age. d Both Male and Female Juvenile 136 Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.25 #/litter Female Adult 102 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.09 SE
Citation:

The annual lipid cycle in a montane population of Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Jim O. Schieck
Pages
1981 - 1985
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Fat (total or %) relative fat content (arcsine ratio of fat:fat-free dry weight); range of means for males and females at different ages and breeding status Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 28 - 242/group Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51^oN; long., 115^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.15 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Juvenile 22 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.03 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gracilis)

Citation:

The rate of metabolism of some small mammals

Author(s)
Pearson, Oliver P.
Pages
127-145
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 1.5 basal oxygen consumption measured at 28C, 15-17g mice, also reported as 173 cal/kg/d cc O2/g/hr Not Reported Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 5.14 litter size at parturition #/litter Female Adult 104 captured in Alberta, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 0.14 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

The effects of density, food, and interspecific interference on home range size in Peromyscus leucopus and Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Wolff, Jerry O.
Pages
2657-2662
Year
Issue
11
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 524 mean calculated minimum convex polygon area m2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 48 Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles county Exposure Factor Datasets 46 SE

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. rubidus)

Citation:

Food habits of Peromyscus maniculatus on a California beach

Author(s)
Osborne, T.O. and W.A. Sheppe
Pages
844-845
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Plant matter: Abronia or Cakile (16%); Fragaria seeds (1.5%); plant shoots (1%); Animal matter: Orchestoidea (3%); Diptera (3%); Staphylinid beetles (1.5%); aphids (1%); centipedes (1.5%); unidentified arthropod chitin (16%); unidentified arthropod viscera (56%) % food item volume in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 30 Samoa Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

Body temperature and metabolism in subspecies of Peromyscus from arid and mesic environments

Author(s)
McNab, Brian K., and Peter Morrison
Pages
63-82
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 1.67 mean basal metabolic rate estimated by oxygen consumption cc O2/g/h Not Reported Not Reported 17 collected near Las Vegas, NV Exposure Factor Datasets 0.07 SE Laboratory

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity reported as age at sexual maturity as lactation first observed mo Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)

Citation:

Orientation and homing of the brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A.
Pages
686-699
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Home Range 151.0 mean and range of one standard diameter, home range estimated by "center of activity" method ft Male Juvenile 9 E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis Exposure Factor Datasets 77.3 SD

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Selenium accumulation in mammals exposed to contaminated California irrigation drainwater

Author(s)
Clark Jr., Donald R.
Pages
147-168
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 5.2 young/litter Female Adult 4 Kesterson Exposure Factor Datasets Merced
Citation:

Activity rhythms in the shrews, Sorex sinuosus Grinnell and Sorex trowbridgii Baird

Author(s)
Rust, Aileen K.
Pages
369-382
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 1.81 g/g/d Both Male and Female Adult 5 captured at San Pablo Bay, Sonoma CA Exposure Factor Datasets non-breeding 0.10 SE Laboratory

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Bats of America

Author(s)
Barbour, R.W. and W.H. Davis
Pages
285
Publisher
University of Kentucky Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Food Ingestion Rate Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Circannual rhythms of body weight in pallid bats

Author(s)
Beasley, Laura J., Kimberly M. Pelz and Irving Zucker
Pages
R955-R958
Year
Issue
6
Volume
246
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 39.2 g Female Adult 3 Exposure Factor Datasets 2.6 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Natural history of the pallid bat, Antrozous pallidus (LeConte)

Author(s)
Orr, Robert T.
Pages
165-246
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation late Mar.-early Apr. end of winter dormancy period Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Kern, San Luis Obispo
Citation:

Growth and development of young pallid bats, Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Davis, Russell
Pages
729-736
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size pups Female Adult 50 Exposure Factor Datasets
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