Bats (Chiroptera)
Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | estimated oxygen consumption of animals with wings extended, at 25-27 C | ml O2/g BW/hr | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Inhalation Rate | see citation | figure of breaths/minute over time | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 57 | captive longevity record | mo | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 34.7 | g | Female | Adult | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo | late pregnancy | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 25.2 | g | Male | Adult | 16 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo | ||||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late Oct.-Nov. | period over which copulation occurs | Both Male and Female | Adult | 1 male, 5 females | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo | ||||
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 9 | estimation based on observations in wild and captive bats | wks | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo | |||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.8 | young | Female | Adult | 28 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo | ||||
| Food Ingestion Rate | range of mean daily intake of mealworms by captive bats | g/d | Both Male and Female | Adult | 3 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||||
| Time of Molt | May-Aug. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | June 17 (initiation) | date of first capture of a lactating female | Female | Adult | 39 | John Day River Valley, 44deg 55' N, 120deg 27' W | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 21.7 | mean body weight for lactating females | g | Female | Adult | 39 | John Day River Valley, 44deg 55' N, 120deg 27' W | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | 2.03 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | figure of metabolic heat production | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | 50 mi. NE of Berkeley (capture location) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Inhalation Rate | breathing rate of resting animals at 25 C | breaths/min | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | 50 mi. NE of Berkeley (capture location) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Inhalation Rate | breathing rate of active animals at 25 C | breaths/min | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | 50 mi. NE of Berkeley (capture location) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | 2.569 | slope of growth curve of % adult forearm length per d, 0-22 d of age | %/d | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 63 bats | Napa, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa | r^2=0.94 |
| Clutch or Litter Size | #/litter | Female | Adult | 40 bats | Napa, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | late May through June | time of parturition through time when young begin to fly | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Camp Verde, Yavapai County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | August | juvenile dispersal | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Not Reported | Camp Verde, Yavapai County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foraging Distance | 3 | max. distance travelled from roost during foraging | km | Not Reported | Adult | 150 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | MEXICO | |
| Dietary Composition | Lepidoptera (48%), Coleoptera (25%), Orthoptera (14%), Other (Neuroptera, Chilopoda, Hymenoptera, Isoptera, Arachnida, Diptera, Odonata, Perognathus flavus; 13%) | percent occurrence in diet based on on culled parts and scat analysis | % | Not Reported | Adult | 150 bats | Hidalgo county | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | MEXICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 23.0 | g | Male | Adult | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 25.3 | g | Female | Adult | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 23.3 | g | Female | Juvenile | 5 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | ||
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | figure of O2 consumption at varying ambient temperatures | ml O2/g/hr | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | 5 bats/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Clutch or Litter Size | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Survival/ Mortality | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | Review | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | May 27-June 18 | Female | Adult | 30 | Napa Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa | breeding | |
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | no values reported; see figures in paper | Female | Adult | 30 | Napa Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa | breeding |
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | no values reported; see paper for figures | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 30 | Napa Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | Napa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Fat (total or %) | total extractable lipids in carcass | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 4 bats | near cities | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Hatching or Parturition | mid-June | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Growth Rate | 11 | body weight increase over time in males | g/7 wks | Male | Juvenile | 9-18 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 1 | yr | Female | Yearling | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Age at Sexual Maturity | >1 | yr | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 33.1 | g | Female | Juvenile | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.9 SE | Laboratory | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 36.0 | g | Female | Adult | 6 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.9 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Lepidoptera (20.0), unident. Orthoptera (60.0), unident. insects (20.0) | Percent volume of stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 5 bats | Exposure Factor Datasets |
