Terrestrial birds
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Molt | July-October/November | period of molt | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | throughout USA | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 57 | average annual mortality of banded individuals (over 6 years) | % | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | throughout USA | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | February (peak) | period of spring migration of individuals fledged in northern CA, or at high elevations | Both Male and Female | Both Adults and Juveniles | Not Reported | throughout state | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.23 | eggs | Female | Adult | 13 clutches | Berks county | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 5.0 | three year mean fledging rate | number of fledglings per nest | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 28 pairs | rural and urban lands | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.1 | mean clutch size over 3 years | eggs per nest | Female | Adult | 28 pairs | rural and urban lands | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | 0.239 | growth rate of body weight in parent-reared birds | Female | Nestling | 8 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 113.4 | average body weight | g | Male | Adult | 25 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.0 SE | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 89% | mean percent of young hatched that fledged (4 sample years) | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | 148 hatchlings | Lucas and Wayne Counties (40deg57'N, 93deg18'W) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Hatching Success | 68% | mean percent of eggs hatched of total eggs laid (4 sample years) | % | Not Reported | Juvenile | 217 eggs | Lucas and Wayne Counties (40deg57'N, 93deg18'W) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | y = 8.89 + 7.33x | growth rate from day 3-16 | Male | Nestling | Not Reported | Sagehen Creek Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Nevada, Sierra |
| Growth Rate | y = 7.77 + 7.44x | growth rate from day 3-16 | Female | Nestling | Not Reported | Sagehen Creek Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Nevada, Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | invertebrates (85.4%), vertebrates (14.6%) | relative numbers of dietary items captured | Not Reported | Not Reported | 24 birds | Arcata Bottoms; pasture | Exposure Factor Datasets | Humboldt |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 4.59 | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 244 | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.60 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Food Ingestion Rate | 0.42 | mean caloric consumption per g body weight per day (wet weight basis) | kcal/g/day | Male | Adult | 2 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inhalation Rate | 35.4 | mean resting respiratory rate | #/min | Not Reported | Adult | 4 | Exposure Factor Datasets | crippled, non-releasable | 3.21 SD | Laboratory |
Mourning Dove (Zenaida macroura)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 0 to 5 (+/-8) | mean nest densities in untilled corn or soybean fields | nests/100 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 8-9 fields | Adair County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | 15 | age at fledging | d | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 35 broods | east-central area | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 64.5 | proportion of attempted nests that fledged at least one young | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 220 nests | Gray Lodge State Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Butte |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 6.0-6.2 | mean number of nestlings raised per nesting pair per season (representing multiple broods per season) | Both Male and Female | Adult | 43 pairs | Gray Lodge State Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | Butte |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 48% | proportion of nests that were successful | Both Male and Female | Adult | 73 nests | southwest and northeast areas | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.1 | mean productivity | young/pair | Both Male and Female | Adult | 73 nests | southwest and northeast areas | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA | ||
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | review | time of juvenile dispersal | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | seeds (96.1%), green vegetation (1.1%), insects (2.8%) | percent of diet by volume based on crop analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 38 birds | New Mexico State University Ranch | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Dietary Composition | seeds (99.9%), green vegetation (0.1%) | percent of diet by volume based on crop analysis | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 42 birds | New Mexico State University Ranch | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 108 | average body weight | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 11 birds | captured in Santa Monica Mountains | Exposure Factor Datasets | 14.7 | Laboratory |
| Water Ingestion Rate | 6.9 | daily ad libitum water consumption of captive birds as percent of body weight | % body weight/day | Not Reported | Not Reported | 11 birds | captured in Santa Monica Mountains | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.9 | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | figures | Figures of yearly and monthly nest density estimates | nests/ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 48-158 transects | near Guanica and Cabo Rojo | Exposure Factor Datasets | PUERTO RICO |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 21% | nest success estimate based on Mayfield method | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 27 nests | near Cidra, Guanica, and Cabo Rojo | Exposure Factor Datasets | PUERTO RICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Sexual Maturity | 80-93 | age of puberty attainment | d | Male | Yearling | 79 birds | east-central area | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 111.4 | mean body weight | g | Male | Adult | 13 birds | southeastern area | Exposure Factor Datasets | 70.7 SD |
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 2 | pairs/6669 ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Columbia River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.5 | young/occupied nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Columbia River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | mammals (35.7%), birds (1.3%), insects (27.7%), vegetation (57.4%) | mean percent occurrence in pellets | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 929 pellets | Oakland Airport | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 172.0 | g | Male | Not Reported | 12 birds | Oakland Airport | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | reproductive success rate among pairs | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Dade and Broward counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 73 | percent of pairs hatching at least one chick | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 15 pairs | Moffett Air Force Base | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 5.8 | mean density in prairie dog towns of <35 ha | owls/ha | Not Reported | Adult | 71 nests | west. NE | Exposure Factor Datasets | 3.6 SE |
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | 28+ | age at time of death | yr | Female | Adult | 1 bird | Asiniboine Park Zoo, Winnipeg | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | unident. snake (0.3%), Sylvilagus nuttallii (19.2%), Lepus californicus (14.3%), unident. leporid (16.1%), Spermophilus townsendii (0.6%), Thomomys townsendii (14.6%), Perognathus parvus (0.4%), Dipodomys ordii (11.1%), Reithrodontomys megalotis (0.2%), Peromyscus spp (2.3%), Neotoma cinerea (4.6%), Neotoma lepida (2.0%), unident. woodrat (0.3%), Microtus montanus (4.7%), Mus musculus (0.7%), Mustela frenata (0.1%), Falco sparverius (0.1%), Phasianus colchicus (1.9%), Callipepla californicus (0.1%), unident. galliform (0.4%), Fulica americana (0.4%), Columba livia (0.9%), Tyto alba (0.3%), Sturnus vulgaris (0.2%), unident. passerine (0.6%), unident. bid (3.4%) | occurence in diet as percent of total prey biomass, based on pellet analysis | Not Reported | Not Reported | 14 nesting areas, 1472 prey items | Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area (42 deg, 50'N, 115 deg, 50'W) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | home range size (minimum convex polygon model) as determined by radiotelemetry | ha | Not Reported | Not Reported | 22 owls | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 31% | mean annual mortality after the first year of banding based on band return data, 1951-1962 | Not Reported | Both Adults and Juveniles | 97 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 46% | mean percent mortality within the first year of banding based on band return data, 1951-1962 | Not Reported | Juvenile | 97 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 1 | estimated population density based on call counts | bird/100 acres | Not Reported | Adult | 7 counts | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Growth Rate | see figures | figures showing weight increase and feather growth for 0-73 days of age | Not Reported | Nestling | five owls | collected in California | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foraging Distance | 0.25 | typical maximum distance between two roosting sites | mi | Both Male and Female | Adult | 11 home ranges | Superior and Ann Arbor townships | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Northern Flicker (Colaptes auratus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of clutch sizes | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 191 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | animal food (67.71%), vegetable food (32.26%) | percent composition of stomach contents | Not Reported | Not Reported | 183 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA | |
| Dietary Composition | predacious ground beetles (3.89%), other beetles (2.66%), ants (53.82%), Hemiptera (1.84%), caterpillars (2.12%), Orthoptera (1.45%), other insects and spiders (1.96%), grain (2.26%), seeds (19.59%), fruit (10.28%) | percent composition of stomach contents | Not Reported | Not Reported | 183 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 7.44 | mean clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 9 pairs | near New Concord | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.24 SD |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 3.78 | mean fledging rate | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | 40 pairs | near New Concord | Exposure Factor Datasets | 2.99 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Home Range | range of home range size based on telemetry location data | ha | Not Reported | Adult | 4 birds, 20-99 radio fixes per bird | Lakewood, Jefferson County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | range of clutch sizes | eggs | Female | Adult | 6 nests | Sierra National Forest | Exposure Factor Datasets | Fresno |
| Hatching Success | range of hatching success | eggs/nest | Not Reported | Hatchling | 6 nests | Sierra National Forest | Exposure Factor Datasets | Fresno |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.3 | average number of fledglings per nest | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | 11 nests | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra | 1.3 SD |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 29% | total egg-to-fledgling success rate | Not Reported | Fledgling | 5 nests | Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 13.2 | mean body weight during breeding season | g | Female | Adult | 5 birds | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Metabolic Rate | 0.325 | predicted daytime basal metabolic rate | W | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Bushtit (Psaltriparus minumus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | approximate range of nesting territory diameters | yd | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Stanford University Campus | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara | |
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | 13 | incubation period from start to hatching | d | Not Reported | Embryo | 1 clutch | Stanford University Campus | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara |
Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | 73.0 | estimated probability of a nestling surviving to fledge in pasture areas | % | Not Reported | Nestling | 25 clutches | Archbold Biological Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | 28.8 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 17 | normal fledging period | d | Not Reported | Fledgling | 232 fledged birds | Pawnee National Grassland | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 5.40 | average number of fledglings produced per nest | fledglings/nest | Not Reported | Fledgling | 65 successful nests | Pawnee National Grassland | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutches or Litters per year | clutches/yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | 48 pairs | southern Minnesota | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.65 | average clutch size, 2 years | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 46 clutches | southern Minnesota | Exposure Factor Datasets | 1.17 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutches or Litters per year | number of clutches laid per season per pair | clutches/pair | Both Male and Female | Adult | 10 pairs | Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | review | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA | |
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | review | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 5.3 | mean clutch size, 2 years | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 20 nests | York County | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.6 SD |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 8.35 | mean territory size in pasture habitat | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 territories | Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid | Exposure Factor Datasets | 0.66 SD |
Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 8.3 | mean body weight | g | Not Reported | Nestling | 3 birds | Bloomington | Exposure Factor Datasets | 6-7 d post-hatch |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hatching Success | 84 | percent of eggs hatched of total number laid | % | Not Reported | Hatchling | 24 nests, 70 eggs | upper Santa Cruz River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Migration or Dispersal | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO, USA |
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Longevity | up to 7 | years | Both Male and Female | Adult | 6 animals (from 1000) | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa | |
| Survival/ Mortality | 80-85 | 1 year or younger | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 2.41 | brood size with supplemental food | young/nest | Not Reported | Chick | 34 nests | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 6 d | CANADA | 0.17 |
| Clutch or Litter Size | 1.64 | no supplemental food | young/nest | Not Reported | Chick | 44 nests | Mandarte Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 6 d | CANADA | 0.13 |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning | 30 | d | Not Reported | Fledgling | Not Reported | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Clutches or Litters per year | 2-3 | broods/year | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris), San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | see table 1 | Both Male and Female | Adult | 64 sites | San Francisco Bay region | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda, Contra Costa | breeding |
| Population Density | see table 1 | Both Male and Female | Adult | 64 sites | San Francisco Bay region | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda, Contra Costa | breeding |
Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Nesting | Mar-Aug | length of nesting period | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Clutches or Litters per year | 2 | usual number of nesting attempts per year | nests/yr | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | 28.43 (96) | mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) | pairs/square mile | Both Male and Female | Adult | 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. extimus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May 30 (onset) | date when first eggs found | Female | Adult | 17 nest attempts (in 5 sample years) | Colorado River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | June 29 (earliest fledging) - July 13 (latest fledging) | dates of earlies and latest recording fledging | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 17 nest attempts (in 5 sample years) | Colorado River | Exposure Factor Datasets |
San Clemente Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus ssp. mearnsi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Territory Size | 34 | mean pair foraging area during breeding season, 4 years | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | 12 territories | San Clemente Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | 12 SD |
| Longevity | 3 | adult life expectancy based on duration of home range occupancy | yr | Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Clemente Island | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Least Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii ssp. pusillus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fledging or Weaning Rate | 21 | percent of active nests that fledged at least one young | % | Both Male and Female | Adult | 14 nests | various CA locations | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duration of Incubation or Gestation | approx. 15 | incubation period up to time of pipping | d | Not Reported | Embryo | 8 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Nesting | Mar. - June | time when eggs were laid to time when all young abandoned nests | Female | Adult | 3 breeding pairs | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Mar. | time of laying | Female | Adult | 3 breeding pairs | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 3.3 | mean clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 29 | Thelon River, Northwest Territories | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - June | time of laying | Female | Adult | 19 | Thelon River, Northwest Territories | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population Density | range of mean distances (SE) between adjacent nests | km | Both Male and Female | Adult | 3 sites, 9-26 nests per site | Grand Canyon National Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | review | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | |
| Age at Sexual Maturity | review | Not Reported | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Survival/ Mortality | range of annual mortality rates over 3 years, corrected for known movements | % | Female | Adult | 7-11 recaptured birds/yr | Colville, Sagavanirktok, Yukon, and Tanana Rivers | Exposure Factor Datasets |
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