Amphibians

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Scott Bar Salamander (Plethodon asupak)

Citation:

Newly discovered populations of salamanders from Siskiyou County California represent a species distinct from Plethodon stormi.

Author(s)
Mead, L.S., Clayton, D.R., Nauman, R.S., Olson, D.H. and Pfrender, M.E.
Issue
2
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body length 70.7 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 Muck-a-Muck Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA
Body length 0.83 Total:Snout-vent length ratio M Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA
Body length 0.85 Total:Snout-vent length ratio F Adult 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou USA

Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog (Rana boylii)

Citation:

Rana Boylii (Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog). Reproduction.

Author(s)
Bourque, R.M., Bettaso, J.B.
Issue
4
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Time of Mating/ Laying Spring, March-June B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Body length 11 Snout-vent length mm M Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Population Density 323.5 Egg mass density Egg masses/km river Embryo 728 egg masses Mad River Exposure Factor Datasets Humboldt USA
Population Density 176.9 Egg mass density Egg masses/km river Embryo Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density 16 Egg mass density Egg masses/km river Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Body length 51.5 Snout-vent length mm M Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body length 59 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body Weight - Mean 11.5 g M Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body Weight - Mean 15.7 g F Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body length 56.5 mm M Adult 1 South Santiam River Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Citation:

Hydrologic and geomorphic factors affecting conservation of a river‐breeding frog (Rana boylii).

Author(s)
Kupferberg, S.J.
Issue
4
Volume
6
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Hatching Success 89.7 Egg survival % B Embryo 292 Angelo Coast Range Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Mendocino USA 10.2
Hatching Success 79.8 Egg survival % B Embryo 553 Angelo Coast Range Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Mendocino USA 12.4
Population Density 1992: 292, 1993: 399, 1994: 553 Number of clutches B Embryo Angelo Coast Range Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Mendocino USA
Citation:

Effects of water temperature on breeding phenology, growth, and metamorphosis of foothill yellow‐legged frogs (Rana boylii): A case study of the regulated mainstem and unregulated tributaries of California's Trinity River.

Author(s)
Wheeler, C.A., Bettaso, J.B., Ashton, D.T. and Welsh Jr, H.H.
Issue
10
Volume
31
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis 2008: 9; 2009: 8.5 Time to metamorphosis Weeks B Juvenile Not reported Trinity River tributaries Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity USA
Body length Increased in colder streams except at metamorphic climax Snout-vent length Juvenile Not reported Trinity River tributaries Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity USA
Time of Mating/ Laying See Figure 3; early April-mid June Oviposition Date B Embryo Not reported Trinity River tributaries Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity USA
Time of Hatching or Parturition See Figure 3; mid May-late August Post-hatching Date B Tadpole Not reported Trinity River tributaries Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity USA
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis See Figure 3; mid July-early October Metamorphosis Date B Juvenile Not reported Trinity River tributaries Exposure Factor Datasets Trinity USA
Citation:

Foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) oviposition site choice at multiple spatial scales.

Author(s)
Lind, A.J., Welsh Jr, H.H. and Wheeler, C.A.
Issue
2
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density See Figure 3 Egg masses/km B Embryo See citation Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Effects of flow regimes altered by dams on survival, population declines, and range‐wide losses of California river‐breeding frogs.

Author(s)
Kupferberg, S.J., Palen, W.J., Lind, A.J., Bobzien, S., Catenazzi, A., Drennan, J., and Power, M.E.
Issue
3
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Population Density See Table 1 Presence in sites occupied prior to 1975 Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density Rivers with dams: 5.5, free flowing rivers: 31.1 Clutch abundance per distance Clutches/km B Embryo Exposure Factor Datasets USA Rivers with dams: 1.2, free flowing rivers: 9.2
Hatching Success See Figure 4 Clutch survival by water discharge B Embryo 7-18, see figure description Exposure Factor Datasets USA

California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense)

Citation:

Overwintering California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense) larvae.

Author(s)
Alvarez, J.A.
Issue
4
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Countries
Body length Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 3 Kellogg Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length Total length mm NR Juvenile 3 Kellogg Creek Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 77.6 Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 37 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 127.3 Total length mm NR Juvenile 37 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Body length 97 Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 1 Perennial pond in cattle grazing land Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Contra Costa USA
Citation:

Late summer movement and mass mortality in the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense).

Author(s)
Holland, D.C., Hayes, M.P. and McMillan, E.
Issue
2
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Body length Snout-vent length mm F Adult 37 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased post-metamorphosed specimens in museum collections USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Both Adults and Juveniles 21 Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Post-metamorphosed USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Both Adults and Juveniles 28 Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Post-metamorphosed USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal January to March B Adult Grant's Lake, inner Coast Ranges of Central California Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal November to April B Adult Locations other than Grant's Lake Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm M Adult 26 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased post-metamorphosed specimens in museum collections USA
Citation:

Life history and demographic variation in the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense).

Author(s)
Trenham, P.C., Bradley Shaffer, H., Koenig, W.D. and Stromberg, M.R.
Issue
2
Volume
2000
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Age at Sexual Maturity y B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Longevity 10 y B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal Arrival: Dec/Jan, departure: Feb-March Breeding migration M Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Time of Migration or Dispersal Arrival: Jan, departure: Jan Breeding migration F Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Population Density See citation Figure 2 Breeding population size No. individuals B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Body Weight - Mean Mass of incoming adults g B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Survival/ Mortality 0.5 Annual survivorship % M 282 Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA 0.2
Hatching Success <30 Annual reproductive success metamorphs produced per reproductive female B Adult Oak Ridge Ranch Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey USA
Citation:

Habitat use and migration behavior of the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Loredo, I., Van Vuren, D. and Morrison, M.L.
Issue
2
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Territory Size 35.9 Distance moved from aquatic to terrestrial habitat m B Adult 59 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA 24.6
Territory Size 26 Distance moved from aquatic to terrestrial habitat m B Juvenile 49 Concord Naval Weapons Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa USA 13.1
Citation:

Microhabitat use and migration distance of an endangered grassland amphibian.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A., Gabbai-Saldate, E. and Shaffer, H.B.
Volume
158
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Territory Size 50% protection: 556, 90%: 1486, 95%: 1849 Distance from pond edge to include X% of population m B Both Adults and Juveniles Adults: 957, juveniles: 3208, metamorphs: 5877 Area around Olcott Lake, and Round Pond Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA
Citation:

Delayed life history effects, multilevel selection, and evolutionary trade‐offs in the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A., Gray, L.N., Trenham, P.C. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
1
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Age at Sexual Maturity 4 y B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA
Body Weight - Mean 10.77 Mean mass at emergence g B Embryo Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano Emergence USA
Body Weight - Mean See citation Figure 4 Mean mass at emergence by cohort/location g B Embryo Monterey, Solano counties Exposure Factor Datasets Emergence USA
Citation:

Effective population size is strongly correlated with breeding pond size in the endangered California tiger salamander, Ambystoma californiense.

Author(s)
Wang, I.J., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, B.B. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
4
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density FMC: 42, OEV: 64, VS1: 40, VS2: 29, VS3: 33, VS4: 29, CCR: 11, SCR: 14, LPR: 13, BCS: 25 Ne, effective population size B Both Adults and Juveniles 203 10 ponds; see citation for names Exposure Factor Datasets Merced USA
Citation:

A refined ecological risk assessment for California red‐legged frog, Delta smelt, and California tiger salamander exposed to malathion.

Author(s)
Clemow, Y.H., Manning, G.E., Breton, R.L., Winchell, M.F., Padilla, L., Rodney, S.I., Hanzas, J.P., Estes, T.L., Budreski, K., Toth, B.N. and Hill, K.L.
Issue
2
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Zooplankton, arthropods, amphipods, mollusks, insect larvae, tadpoles of: Pacific tree frog tadpoles, California red-legged frogs, toads Aquatic-phase diet B Juvenile Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Calculating biologically accurate mitigation credits: insights from the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)
Searcy, C.A. and Shaffer, H.B.
Issue
4
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density See citation Figure 1b Modeled density distribution of reproductive value B Adult Adults: 608, juveniles: 1828, metamorphs: 3146 Olcott Lake, Jepson Prairie Preserve Exposure Factor Datasets Solano USA

Shasta Salamander (Hydromantes shastae)

Citation:

Habitat characteristics, a range extension, and an elevational record for Shasta salamanders.

Author(s)
Lindstrand III, L., Bainbridge, K. and Youngblood, G.A.B.E.
Issue
4
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body length 44 Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 1 Rippley Gulch Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length 50 Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 1 Cline Gulch/Clear Creek confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length 19.25 Snout-vent length mm NR Juvenile 4 Cline Gulch/Clear Creek confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 2 Highland Ridge Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length 43 Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 1 Tombstone Mountain Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 3 Whiskey Creek tributary Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA
Body length 27 Snout-vent length mm NR Adult 1 Deadwood Gulch Exposure Factor Datasets Shasta USA

Santa Cruz Long-Toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum)

Citation:

A comparison of the life histories of coastal and montane populations of Ambystoma macrodactylum in California.

Author(s)
Anderson, J.D.
Issue
2
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Condition Countries
Body length 10.9 Total length mm B Neonate 9 Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Time of Mating/ Laying See citation Table 11 % breeding individuals by size class % B Adult 137 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding Santa Cruz USA
Body length 12.6 Total length mm B Neonate 19 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 21.3, 13: 27.0, 25: 38.1, 50: 56.3, 92: 78.1, 103: 72.0 Total length mm B Day 0: 13, 13: 12, 25/50: 14, 92: 10, 103: 7 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 13, 25, 50, 92, 103 Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 20.0, 24: 27.6, 39: 47.4, 60: 67.1, 74: 76.0, 94: 82.1, 109: 81.4 Total length mm B Day 0: 4, 24: 16, 39: 17, 60: 12, 74: 6, 94: 8, 109: 3 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 24, 39, 60, 74, 94, 109 Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 12.6, 29: 32.0, 42: 47.2, 77: 57.8, 100: 55.6 Total length mm B Day 0: 19, 29: 17, 42: 20, 77: 12, 100: 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Days 0, 29, 42, 77, 100 Santa Cruz USA
Body Weight - Mean Day 0: 0.017, 29: 0.278, 42: 0.801, 77: 1.500 6 B Day 0: 19, 29: 17, 42: 20, 77: 12 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length 75.6 Total length mm B Juvenile 17 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 37.5 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 17 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 81.5 Total length mm B Juvenile 8 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 42.6 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 8 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 55.6 Total length mm B Juvenile 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 32.6 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 2 Valencia Lagoon Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 90.8 Total length mm B Juvenile 9 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Body length 45.1 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile 9 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Metamorphosing USA
Time of Mating/ Laying 1955: early February; 1956: late February; 1957: sporadic; 1958: early February; 1959: mid-January Main breeding effort by year B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 91.8, 8: 90.6, 15: 91.4, 30: 91.1, 43: 92.6, 70: 91.2, 85: 77.4, 116: 102.0, 148: 97.5, 190: 95.7, 204: 95.4 Total length mm B Juvenile Day 0: 2, 8: 7, 15: 6, 30: 6, 43: 8, 70: 12, 85: 11, 116: 10, 148: 7, 190: 6, 204: 6 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets NR Santa Cruz Post-metamorphosed USA
Clutch or Litter Size 307 Number of eggs eggs F Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Body length Day 0: 46.2, 8: 45.9, 15: 45.6, 30: 43.6, 43: 45.6, 70: 44.6, 85: 47.3, 116: 49.4, 148: 46.3, 190: 49.0, 204: 49.4 Snout-vent length mm B Juvenile Day 0: 2, 8: 7, 15: 6, 30: 6, 43: 8, 70: 12, 85: 11, 116: 10, 148: 7, 190: 6, 204: 6 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets NR Santa Cruz Post-metamorphosed USA
Citation:

A disjunct population of the long-nosed salamander from the coast of California.

Author(s)
Russell, R.W. and Anderson, J.D.
Issue
2
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Body length 57.2 Snout-vent length mm M Adult 1 Rio Del Mar Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Body length 33 Snout-vent length mm NR 1 Exposure Factor Datasets Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Citation:

A comparison of the food habits of Ambystoma macrodactylum sigillatum, Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum, and Ambystoma tigrinum californiense.

Author(s)
Anderson, J.D.
Issue
4
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Countries
Dietary Composition Cast skin: 10.4, Annelida (Lumbriscus): 6.5, Mollusca (snail): 1.3, Mollusca (slug): 6.5, Anthropoda (Chilopoda): 3.9, Anthropoda (Isopoda): 46.8, Anthropoda (Araneida): 1.3, Insecta (Collembola): , Insecta (Collembola): 2.6, Insecta (Lepidoptera): 2.6, Insecta (Diptera): 2.6, Insecta (Orthoptera Blattidae): 2.6, Insecta (Orthoptera Gryllidae): 3.9, Insecta (Coloptera Carabidae): 9.1, Insecta (Coloptera Staphylinidae): 2.5, Insecta (Coloptera Elateridae): 1.3, Insecta (Coloptera Curculionidae): 1.3, Unidentified: 1.3 % total number items % B Adult 38 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz USA
Dietary Composition Cladocera: 80.8, Copopeda: 61.5, Ostracoda: 23.1, Chironomidae: 53.8, Chaoborus: 11.5, Corixidae: 15.4, Coleoptera: 3.8, snails: 11.5, leeches: 3.8, oligochaeta: 3.8, tadpoles: 23.1 % total number items % B Juvenile 26 Ellicott Pond Exposure Factor Datasets Larvae Santa Cruz USA

Desert Slender Salamander (Batrachoseps aridus)

Citation:

A new species of Batrachoseps (slender salamander) from the desert of southern California.

Author(s)
Brame, A.H.
Volume
200
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries
Body length 37.4 Total length mm B Adult 14 Hidden Palm Canyon Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA
Body length 48.4 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 Hidden Palm Canyon Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA
Body length 45.8 Snout-vent length mm F Adult 1 Hidden Palm Canyon Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside USA

Tehachapi Slender Salamander (Batrachoseps stebbinsi)

Citation:

A new species of Batrachoseps (slender salamander) from the desert of southern California.

Author(s)
Brame, A.H.
Volume
200
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Location Type California Counties Countries
Body length 55.2 Standard length mm Exposure Factor Datasets Kern USA

Limestone Salamander (Hydromantes brunus)

Citation:

A new species of salamander from central California.

Author(s)
Gorman, J.
Issue
3
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Body length 105.6 Total length mm F 1 Bear Creek/Merced River confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Mariposa Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Body length 63.9 Snout-vent length mm F 1 Bear Creek/Merced River confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Mariposa Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Body length 98.5 Total length mm M 1 Bear Creek/Merced River confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Mariposa Deceased specimensin museum collection USA
Body length 63.2 Snout-vent length mm M 1 Bear Creek/Merced River confluence Exposure Factor Datasets Mariposa Deceased specimensin museum collection USA

Pacific Treefrog (Pseudacris regilla)

Citation:

Effects of nitrate and the pathogenic water mold Saprolegnia on survival of amphibian larvae.

Author(s)
Romansic, J.M., Diez, K.A., Higashi, E.M. and Blaustein, A.R.
Issue
3
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 0.03 Larvae mass g NR Embryo 32 Pond at Baker Beach, Lane County,
OR 		Exposure Factor Datasets Lab USA NR

Northern Red-legged Frog (Rana aurora)

Citation:

Terrestrial activity and conservation of adult California red-legged frogs Rana aurora draytonii in coastal forests and grasslands.

Author(s)
Bulger, J.B., Scott, N.J. and Seymour, R.B.
Issue
1
Volume
110
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Time of Migration or Dispersal January 29-May 1 Post-breeding migration Adult 26-Aug Scott Creek watershed Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz Post-breeding USA
Citation:

Effects of agricultural runoff on native amphibians in the lower Fraser River Valley, British Columbia, Canada.

Author(s)
de Solla, S.R., Pettit, K.E., Bishop, C.A., Cheng, K.M. and Elliott, J.E.
Issue
1
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Hatching Success See citation % Embryo 100 Sumas Prairie, British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets Field-collected eggs CANADA

Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas)

Citation:

Influence of demography and environment on persistence in toad populations.

Author(s)
Lambert, B.A., Schorr, R.A., Schneider, S.C. and Muths, E.
Issue
7
Volume
80
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries
Population Density See citation 0.06-0.29 ha Individuals captured Adult See citation Rocky Mountains, CO Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding USA
Citation:

A herpetological inventory of Naval Air Station Fallon, Churchill County, Nevada.

Author(s)
Rose, J.P., Miano, O.J., Cottle, G.R., Lovich, R.E., Palmer, R.L. and Todd, B.D.
Issue
4
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density 131 975 sq km Individuals captured Both Adults and Juveniles Naval Air Station Fallon, NV Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Distribution of amphibians in terrestrial habitat surrounding wetlands.

Author(s)
Rittenhouse, T.A. and Semlitsch, R.D.
Issue
1
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Foraging Distance Review Mean distance traveled from breeding site B Not Reported 404 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of age, weight, hormones, and hibernation on breeding success in boreal toads (Bufo boreas boreas).

Author(s)
Roth, T.L., Szymanski, D.C. and Keyster, E.D.
Issue
4
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition Countries
Body Weight - Mean 37.1 (1.2) - 47.7 (2.2) Hibernated males, age range 1-5 y g (± SEM) M Adult 45 Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered
Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden 		Exposure Factor Datasets Lab Hibernated USA
Body Weight - Mean 32.6 (1.1) - 42.1 (2.0) Hibernated females, age range 1-4 y g (± SEM) F Adult 32 Center for Conservation and Research of Endangered
Wildlife, Cincinnati Zoo & Botanical Garden 		Exposure Factor Datasets Lab Hibernated USA
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