California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Export to CSV
Displaying 95 data points

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

Diet and feeding overlap of two otariids, Zalophus californianus and Arctocephalus townsendi: Implications to survive environmental uncertainty.

Author(s)
Aurioles-Gamboa, D. and Camacho-Ríos, F.J.
Issue
3
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Cephalopods: 25%, fishes: 65%, crustacean: 7% % occurrence NR Not Reported 289 scat samples San Benito Islands Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Sex differences in body size and body condition of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups from the Gulf of California.

Author(s)
Luque, S.P. and Aurioles‐Gamboa, D.
Issue
1
Volume
17
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 7.7 Newborn weight kg F Pup 7 Gulf of Mexico Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO 0.45
Body Weight - Mean 9.4 Newborn weight kg M Pup 9 Gulf of Mexico Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO 0.35
Citation:

Current status of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) and the northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) at the San Benito Archipelago, Mexico.

Author(s)
Elorriaga-Verplancken, F.R., Ferretto, G. and Angell, O.C.
Issue
4
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density See citation Table 3 Abundance M Adult See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density See citation Table 3 Abundance M Juvenile See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density See citation Table 3 Abundance F Adult See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density See citation Table 3 Abundance B Juvenile See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density See citation Table 3 Abundance B Pup See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Population Density Review; See citation Table 4 Abundance B Pup See citation San Benito Archipelao Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Transplacental transfer of organochlorines in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus).

Author(s)
Greig, D.J., Ylitalo, G.M., Hall, A.J., Fauquier, D.A. and Gulland, F.
Issue
1
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 86 Maternal kg F Adult 20 Coastal sites Exposure Factor Datasets USA 15
Body Weight - Mean 5 Premature fetuses kg B Embryo 7 Coastal sites Exposure Factor Datasets Premature fetuses USA 2
Body Weight - Mean 7 Late-term fetuses kg B Embryo 9 Coastal sites Exposure Factor Datasets Late-term fetuses USA 1
Citation:

Survival rates of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus, in Mexico.

Author(s)
Hernández-Camacho, C.J., Aurioles-Gamboa, D., Laake, J. and Gerber, L.R.
Issue
4
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Survival/ Mortality See citation Table 5 Model estimates of age-specific survival probability B Pup See citation Los Islotes colony in southern Gulf of California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Survival/ Mortality 0.9 Model estimates of age-specific survival probability B Juvenile See citation Los Islotes colony in southern Gulf of California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Survival/ Mortality 0.904 Model estimates of age-specific survival probability for young adults B Adult See citation Los Islotes colony in southern Gulf of California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Survival/ Mortality 0.746 Model estimates of age-specific survival probability for old adults B Adult See citation Los Islotes colony in southern Gulf of California Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Food consumption and growth of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus californianus).

Author(s)
Kastelein, R.A., Schooneman, N.M., Vaughan, N. and Wiepkema, P.R.
Issue
2
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Food Ingestion Rate See citation Figure 1 Annual food consumption B Both Adults and Juveniles 26 Harderwijk Marine Mammal Park Exposure Factor Datasets NETHERLANDS
Citation:

Potential heavy metal influence on the death of several species of pinnipeds

Author(s)
Van Heekeren, A. and Edwin J. Skoch
Pages
51-61
Year
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, LEAD COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, ZINC COMPOUNDS increase incidence of epileptiform seizures and subsequent death associated with "unusual" Se levels Female Adult 1 Toxicity Factor Datasets 18 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Premature birth in California sea lions: Association with high organochlorine pollutant residue levels.

Author(s)
DeLong, Robert L., William G. Gilmartin and John G. Simpson
Pages
1168-1170
Year
Issue
4105
Volume
181
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increase incidence of premature parturtion associated with elevated DDT and PCB residues, compared to full term parturient group Female Adult 4-6/group San Miguel Island Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 - 15 yrs
Citation:

Selenium toxicosis in three California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)

Author(s)
Edwards, William C., D. L. Whitenack, J. W. Alexander and M. A., Solangi
Pages
568-570
Year
Issue
6
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 36.11 - 88.4 ug/g wet wt (liver); 7.12 - 32.8 ug/g wet wt (kidney) selenium concentration range in liver and kidney of dead animals Not Reported Not Reported 3 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Premature parturition in the Califonia sea lion

Author(s)
Gilmartin, W. G., R. L. DeLong, A. W. Smith, J. C. Sweeney, B. W. De Lappe, R. W. Risebrough, L. A. Griner, M. D. Dailey and D. B. Peakall
Pages
104-115
Year
Issue
1
Volume
12
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increase incidence of premature parturition associated with elevated DDT and PCB levels, compared to full term parturient group Female Adult 10/group San Miguel Island Toxicity Factor Datasets 6 - 14 yrs
Citation:

Heavy metal and chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in California sea lions (Zalophus californianus californianus)

Author(s)
Buhler, D. R., R. R. Clayes and B. R. Mate
Pages
2391-2397
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, DDT (Technical Grade Mixture), MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increase incidence of kidney histopathological lesions in "sick" or dead animals compared to "healthy" animals, consistent with diagnosis of leptospirosis Male Adult 2-8/group Toxicity Factor Datasets 5 - 9 yr
Citation:

Mercury-selenium-bromine imbalance in premature parturient California sea lions

Author(s)
Martin, J.H., P.D. Elliott, V.C. Anderlini, D. Girvin, S.A. Jacobs, R.W. Risebrough, R.L. Delong and W.G. Gilmartin
Pages
91-104
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
BROMINE COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, MANGANESE COMPOUNDS, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SILVER COMPOUNDS, ZINC COMPOUNDS increase incidence of premature parturition correlated with different metal concentrations and ratios Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 10/group Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Food Ingestion Rate 5.93 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 0.467 SE
Body Weight - Mean 9.12 kg Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 30 d 0.128 SE
Growth Rate 107.5 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Male Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 5.74 SE
Growth Rate 95.0 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 11.75 SE
Body Weight - Mean 9.09 kg Male Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5 d 0.112 SE
Body Weight - Mean 7.59 kg Female Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5 d 0.289 SE
Body Weight - Mean 10.32 kg Male Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 30 d 0.715 SE
Growth Rate 144.1 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Male Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 16.13 SE
Growth Rate 120.0 daily weight gain during 1st mo of life g/d Female Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 8.16 SE
Growth Rate 109.2 daily weight gain during the 2nd mo of life g/d Male Pup 5 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 41.62 SE
Growth Rate 75.8 daily weight gain during the 2nd mo of life g/d Female Pup 4 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 62.56 SE
Food Ingestion Rate 8.00 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Male Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 0.260 SE
Food Ingestion Rate 7.37 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Female Pup 7 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 5-30 d 0.242 SE
Food Ingestion Rate 5.96 daily milk intake as % of pup body weight %/d Male Pup 5 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 0.405 SE
Citation:

Milk and energy intakes of suckling California Sea Lions (Z. californicus) pups in relation to sex, growth and predicted maintenance requirements

Author(s)
Oftedal, Olav T., Sara J. Iverson and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
560-575
Year
Issue
5
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Fat (total or %) 18.7 % Male Pup 1 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 3 mo
Body Fat (total or %) 19.3 % Female Pup 1 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 3 mo
Water Ingestion Rate 651 total daily water intake derived from sum of milk water intake and metabolic water production g/d Male Pup 24 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 2 mo 27.9 SE
Food Ingestion Rate daily energy intake estimated from milk intake; range of means for 2 yrs kcal/d Male Pup 5-9/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Food Ingestion Rate daily energy intake estimated from milk intake; range of means for 2 yrs kcal/d Female Pup 1-8/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Water Ingestion Rate 549 total daily water intake derived from sum of milk water intake and metabolic water production g/d Female Pup 19 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 2 mo 21.6 SE
Growth Rate daily weight gain; range of means for 2 yrs g/d Male Pup 5-9/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Growth Rate daily weight gain; range of means for 2 yrs g/d Female Pup 4-8/yr San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo
Food Ingestion Rate 723 daily milk intake g/d Male Pup 24 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 31.0 SE
Food Ingestion Rate 609 daily milk intake g/d Female Pup 19 San Nicolas Island [lat., 33^oW; long., 119^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 24.0 SE
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 0.101 pups 0-2 months old; El Nino 1983; kg/d Not Reported Pup 30 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.007 SE
Growth Rate 0.125 post el Nino 1984 kg/d Not Reported Pup 32 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.007SE
Growth Rate 0.130 2 years post el nino (1985); 0-2 months kg/d Not Reported Pup 38 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.006 SE
Body Weight - Mean 8.4 mean size neonate ; pre El Nino 1982 kg Not Reported Neonate 39 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.146 SE
Body Weight - Mean 8.1 mean weight; El Nino 1983 kg Not Reported Neonate 31 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.163 SE
Body Weight - Mean 8.2 mean weight, post el Nino 1984 kg Not Reported Neonate 16 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.229 SE
Body Weight - Mean 8.6 mean weight; 2 years post el Nino (1985) kg Not Reported Neonate 16 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.227 SE
Growth Rate 0.132 pre-el Nino; 0-2 months kg/d Not Reported Pup 32 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 months 0.007 SE
Citation:

Population abundance, pup mortality, and copulation frequency in the California sea lion in relation to the 1983 El Nino on San Nicolas Island

Author(s)
Francis, J. M. and C. B. Heath
Pages
271-288
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Time of Mating/ Laying May - Aug. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year range of fecundity over 4 yrs; peak pup/peak female counts pups/female/yr Female Adult 4360-6952 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 10-18 range of % mortality during the first 2 mo of life; estimated over 3 yrs % Female Pup 2679 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-2 mo
Citation:

Effects of the 1982-1983 El Nino on several population parameters and diet of California sea lions on the Califonia channel islands

Author(s)
DeLong, R. L., G.A. Antonelis, C.W. Oliver, B.S. Stewart, M.S. Lowry and P.K. Yochem
Pages
166-172
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean range of mean weights taken over 5 yrs at 2 sites kg Male Pup 51 - 136/yr San Miguel and San Clemente Islands Exposure Factor Datasets 4 mo
Body Weight - Mean range of mean weights taken over 5 yrs at 2 sites kg Female Pup 41 - 151/yr San Miguel and San Clemente Islands Exposure Factor Datasets 4 mo
Dietary Composition see citation figure of % occurrence of prey items in scats % Female Adult 73 - 283 San Miguel and San Clemente Islands Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding biology of the California Sea lion, Zalophus californianus

Author(s)
Odell, D. K.
Pages
374-378
Year
Volume
169
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - Aug. breeding season; pupping and mating Female Adult Not Reported San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Territory Size 130 territory size during breeding m2 Male Adult 20 territories San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Mortality of California sea lion pups at Los Islotes, Baja California, Mexico

Author(s)
Aurioles, David and Francisco Sinsel
Pages
180-183
Year
Issue
1
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 51.6 mean annual minimum survival rate; data collection started 5-6 weeks after beginning of pupping season % Not Reported Pup 3 yrs Los Islotes, Baja California Sur Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO 7.7 SD
Citation:

Air temperature and direct partitional calorimetry of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

Author(s)
South, F.E., R. H. Luecke, M. L. Zatzman and M. D. Shanklin
Pages
27-30
Year
Issue
1
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Weight - Mean kg Female Juvenile 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 2.1 resting metabolism kcal/kg/hr Female Juvenile 2 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

California sea lion mortality: Natural or artifact

Author(s)
Brownell, R. L. and B.J. LeBoeuf
Pages
287-305
Publisher
Allan Hancock Foundation, University of Southern California
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition May-late June pupping season Female Adult Not Reported San Miguel Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 1 pup/litter Female Adult Not Reported San Miguel Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Oxygen uptake of the California sea lion and harbour seal during exposure to heat

Author(s)
Matsuura, D. T. and G. C. Whittow
Pages
711-715
Year
Issue
3
Volume
225
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 321.4 oxygen uptake at rectal temperature of 16.4C. ml O2/min Both Male and Female Adult 3 Exposure Factor Datasets 3-4 yrs 23.7 SE Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 403.7 oxygen uptake at rectal temperature of 30.9C. ml O2/min Both Male and Female Adult 3 Exposure Factor Datasets 3-4 yrs 36.0 SE Laboratory
Citation:

The pinnipeds of the California current

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A. and Clifford H. Fiscus
Pages
68-78
Year
Volume
21
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 380 kg Male Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 100 kg Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 9 kg Not Reported Neonate Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying May - June breeding Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Oxygen cost of swimming in a trained California sea lion

Author(s)
Costello, R.R. and G.C. Whittow
Pages
645-647
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of oxygen consumption during swimming L O2/min Male Adult 1 Exposure Factor Datasets 6 yr Laboratory
Citation:

California sea lion distribution: A statistical analysis of aerial transect data

Author(s)
Bonnell, Michael L. and R. Glenn Ford
Pages
13-20
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density see citation maps of sea lion densities #/km2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported southern California Bight Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Metabolic Rate 4.2 initial defecation time hours Both Male and Female Adult 3 animals Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 years old Laboratory
Citation:

Relationship between heart rate and oxygen consumption during steady-state swimming in California sea lions

Author(s)
Butler, P. J., A. J. Woakes, I.L. Boyd and S. Kanatous
Pages
35-42
Year
Volume
170
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 32.2 kg Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.6 SE Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 5.1 resting metabolic rate ml O2/min/kg Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.4 SE Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 26.9 metabolic rate during excercise ml O2/min/kg Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.9 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Studies on the biology of the California sea lion and the northern elephant seal on San Nicolas Island, California

Author(s)
Odell, Daniel Keith
Pages
p.147
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Territory Size 130 m2 Male Adult 24-25 males San Nicolas Island, CA Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Time of Hatching or Parturition May/June Not Reported Pup 127 pups San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying June/July Both Male and Female Adult not reported San Nicolas Island, CA Exposure Factor Datasets breeding
Citation:

Longevity of captive mammals

Author(s)
Jones, Marvin L.
Pages
113-128
Year
Issue
2
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Longevity 28 captive longevity record yrs Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Validation of heart rate and doubly labelled water as measures of metabolic rate during swimming in California sea lions

Author(s)
Boyd, I. L., A. J. Woakes, P.J. Butler, R.W. Davis and T.M. Williams
Pages
151-160
Year
Issue
2
Volume
9
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Metabolic Rate range of mean field metabolic rates estimated by oxygen consumption using direct respirometry and doubly labelled water methods; exercise regime used to simulate swimming ml O2/min/kg Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr Laboratory
Citation:

Foraging chracteristics of female northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursius) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A., Brent S. Stewart and Wayne F. Perryman
Pages
150-158
Year
Volume
68
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error
Foraging Distance 54.2 km Female Adult 9 Adams Cove, San Miguel Island [lat., 34^o01'55"N; long., 120^o26'25" W] Exposure Factor Datasets post-partum 32.4 SD
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (65%); Pacific Whiting (52%); market squid (13%) % occurrence of most frequent prey in scats % Female Adult 23 animals Adams Cove, San Miguel Island [lat., 34^o01'55"N; long., 120^o26'25" W] Exposure Factor Datasets post-partum
Citation:

Thermoregulation and resting metabolic rate of California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) pups

Author(s)
Thompson, Steven, D., Kathryn A. Ono, Olav T. Oftedal and Daryl J. Boness
Pages
730-736
Year
Issue
6
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 12,000 g Both Male and Female Pup 39 captured at San Nicolas Island, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 3-5 wks 231 SE Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 0.78 resting metabolic rate measured over a range of ambient temperatures (16-25C) ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Pup 39 captured at San Nicolas Island, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 3-5 wks 0.10 Laboratory
Citation:

Spring and summer prey of California sea lions, Zalophus californianus, at San Miguel Island, California 1978-79

Author(s)
Antonelis, George A., Clifford H. Fiscus and Robert L. DeLong
Pages
67-76
Year
Issue
1
Volume
82
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Pacific whiting (48.7%); market squid (46.7%); juvenile rockfish (35.9%); northern anchovy (20.0%); red octopus (9.7%); jack mackerel (4.6%); nail squid (4.6%); squid (4.1%);chub mackerel (3.6%); Pacific pompano (2.5%); California lantern fish (2.5%) % occurrence of major prey (>1%) in scats % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 224 scats San Miguel Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Newborn size in marine mammals

Author(s)
Scheffer, V. B.
Pages
19-26
Year
Issue
3
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean neonate weight lbs Not Reported Neonate 16 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus, at San Clemente Island, California, 1981-86

Author(s)
Lowry, Mark S., Charles W. Oliver, Carolyn Macky and Jeannie B. Wexler
Pages
509-521
Year
Volume
88
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (51.3%); jack mackerel (24.6%); pelagic crab (21.2%); Pacific whiting (19.6%); rockfish (19.0%); market squid (16.3%); blacksmith (10.7%); Pacific mackerel (9.5%); octopus (5.1%); squid (2.2%); senorita (1.1%); lanternfish (1.3%) % of scats in which major (>1%) prey occurred % Not Reported Not Reported 1309 scats San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (24.7%); jack mackerel (11.8%); pelagic red crab (10.2%); Pacific whiting (9.4%); rockfish (9.2%); market squid (7.9%); blacksmith (5.1%); Pacific mackerel (4.6%); octopus (2.5%); squid (1.1%) % occurrence of major (>1%) prey taxon from a tally of occurrences of all prey taxa in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 1309 scats San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

An overview of captive births and survivorship of California sea lions 1985-1995

Author(s)
Gates, Luke, Suzanne Tatersall and David Nicholson
Pages
5-9
Year
Issue
1
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Survival/ Mortality 66 mean annual survivorship for animals >30 d % Not Reported Juvenile 38 births/10 yr captive in British facilities Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Seasonal and annual variability in the diet of California Sea Lions Zalophus californianus at San Nicholas Island, California, 1981-86

Author(s)
Lowry, Mark S., Brent S. Stewart, Carolyn B. Heath, Pamela K. Yochem and John M. Francis
Pages
331-336
Year
Issue
2
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (50.6%); Pacific whiting (29.3%); jack mackerel (27.9%); rockfish (25.9%); Pacific mackerel (11.3%); unid. fishes (6.6%); market squid (21.9%); octopus (6.4%); squid, Onychoteuthis (4.7%); squid, Abraliopsis (2.2%); pelagic red crab (10.8%) % frequency of occurrence of major (>2%) prey in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 1232 scats San Nicholas Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Download CSV
Subscribe to California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Comment

Please let us know if the information on this page is helpful for you. Enter your comment and leave your email address if you would like to receive a response. Thank you!
OEHHA is subject to the California Public Records Act and other laws that require the release of certain information upon request. If you provide comments, please be aware that your name, address and e-mail may be available to third parties. In addition, all public comments will be posted on our web site upon the close of the comment period.
OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment