Passeriformes

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Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. extimus)

Citation:

Breeding ecology of a willow flycatcher population in Grand Canyon, Arizona

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T.
Pages
25-33
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density population density in a 360 km riparian corridor as indicated by active nest counts nests found/yr Both Male and Female Adult 6 sampling yrs Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting June 2-July 10 estimated length of breeding season (period when eggs or young are in the nest) Both Male and Female Adult 6 sampling yrs Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A southwestern willow flycatcher natural history summary and survey protocol

Author(s)
Sogge, Mark K., Robert M. Marshall, Susan J. Sferra, and Timothy J. Tibbitts
Pages
42 pp
Publisher
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Territory Size review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Least Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii ssp. pusillus)

Citation:

Riparian forest as habitat for the least Bell's vireo

Author(s)
Gray, M. Violet and James M. Greaves
Pages
605-611
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Foraging Distance up to several hundred yards maximum observed distance travelled by birds from the nest Both Male and Female Adult 32 pairs (1 yr) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara
Time of Migration or Dispersal mid Jul to early Sep period of departure from the breeding area by migrants Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara

Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)

Citation:

Livestock management and productivity of willow flycatchers in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Valentine, Bradley E., Thomas A. Roberts, Stephen P. Boland and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
105-114
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Hatching Success range of hatching success eggs/nest Not Reported Hatchling 6 nests Sierra National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno
Citation:

Ecology of a Sierra Nevada population of willow flycatchers

Author(s)
Flett, Mary Anne and Susan D. Sanders
Pages
37-42
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Fledging or Weaning Rate 29% total egg-to-fledgling success rate Not Reported Fledgling 5 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Hatching Success 24/31 total number of eggs hatched relative to estimate of total eggs laid eggs hatched/eggs laid Not Reported Nestling 11 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Citation:

The energetic consequences of incubation for two passerine species

Author(s)
Walsberg, Glenn E. and James R. King
Pages
644-655
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.325 predicted daytime basal metabolic rate W Not Reported Adult Not Reported collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 0.241 predicted night time basal metabolic rate W Not Reported Adult Not Reported collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

A preliminary report on the biology of the willow flycatcher in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Stafford, Michael D. and Bradley E. Valentine
Pages
66-77
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Nesting May-August inclusive of pairing through departure from nesting territory Both Male and Female Adult 15 birds Sierra National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno

Bushtit (Psaltriparus minumus)

Citation:

Behavior of the bush-tit in the breeding season

Author(s)
Addicott, Alice B.
Pages
49-63
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 13 incubation period from start to hatching d Not Reported Embryo 1 clutch Stanford University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara
Body Weight - Mean range of individual body weights g Not Reported Hatchling 2 birds Stanford University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

Reproductive success and nesting habitat of loggerhead shrikes in north-central South Carolina

Author(s)
Gawlik, Dale E. and Keith L. Bildstein
Pages
37-48
Year
Issue
1
Volume
102
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 49 nests York County Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 4.7 average number of fledglings produced per successful nest, 2 years fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling 32 nests York County Exposure Factor Datasets 1.3 SD
Citation:

Nest ecology, productivity, and growth of the loggerhead shrike on the shortgrass prairie

Author(s)
Porter, David K., Mark A. Strong, J. Brent Giezentanner and Ronald A. Ryder
Pages
429-436
Year
Issue
4
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Hatching Success 5.69 average number of eggs hatched per successful nest eggs/nest Not Reported Hatchling 65 successful nests Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dynamics of a loggerhead shrike population in Minnesota

Author(s)
Brooks, Bonnie L. and Stanley A. Temple
Pages
441-450
Year
Issue
3
Volume
102
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Fledging or Weaning Rate 3.02 average number of fledglings produced per nesting attempt fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling 60 nesting attempts southern Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets 2.07 SD
Citation:

Nestling diet and prey-delivery rates of loggerhead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) in north-central South Carolina

Author(s)
Gawlik, Dale E., Joseph Papp and Keith L. Bildstein
Pages
1-5
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Orthoptera (59); Lepidoptera (15); Coleoptera (10); arthropod larvae (8); mammals; reptiles and amphibians (4); unident. arthropods (3) percent of total identified prey items delivered to the nest % Not Reported Nestling 1 pair, 155 identified prey York County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding ecology of Lanius ludovicianus nesting in sagebrush

Author(s)
Woods, Christopher P.
Pages
244-250
Year
Volume
6
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying Apr-mid Aug period from clutch initiations to chicks fledging Both Male and Female Adult 98 pairs Ada, Elmoor, Owyhee Counties Exposure Factor Datasets

Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)

Citation:

Longevity records of North American birds: Remizidae through Parulinae

Author(s)
Klimkiewicz, M. Kathleen, Roger B. Clapp and Anthony G. Futcher
Pages
287-294
Year
Issue
3
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 6 -11 age of oldest identified banded individual yr-mo Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T.
Pages
1-17
Publisher
The Academy of Natural Sciences; Philadelphia, PA: The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Territory Size review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO, USA

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Variation in breeding season and clutch size in song sparrows of the pacific coast

Author(s)
Richard F. Johnston
Pages
268-273
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early Feb.-July Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported California to Washington Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of supplemental food on growth and adult size in the song sparrow

Author(s)
Smith, James N. M. and Peter Arcese
Pages
1416-1423
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Survival/ Mortality 0.98 young raised to independence young/pair Not Reported Chick 34 nests Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.17
Citation:

Effects of population density and supplemental food on reproduction in song sparrows

Author(s)
Arcese, Peter and James N. M. Smith
Pages
119-136
Year
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.31 suppl. food eggs/clutch Both Male and Female Adult 16 pairs with suppl. food Mandarte island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.11 SE
Citation:

Effects of granular formulations of terbufos and fonofos applied to cornfields on mortality and reproductive success of songbirds

Author(s)
Knapton, Richard W., and Pierre Mineau
Pages
138-153
Year
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Hatching Success 29.4% proportion of successful nests containing unhatched eggs % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 32 nests southwestern Ontario Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA

Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis observed number of days chicks spent in nest d Not Reported Fledgling Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)

Citation:

Population structure in salt marsh song sparrows part I. Environment and annual cycle

Author(s)
Johnston, Richard F.
Pages
24-44
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality mortality of young birds based on number of eggs/season; in relation to high tides % Not Reported Chick 349 eggs San Pablo Marsh Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
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