Passeriformes

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Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)

Citation:

Feeding-time minimization and the territorial behavior of the willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii)

Author(s)
Prescott, David R.C. and Alex L.A. Middleton
Pages
17-28
Year
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4 first clutch size in 13/14 females observed eggs/nest Female Adult 14 females Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Territory Size 3,009 mean territory size based on observed perch sites and territorial disputes m^2 Male Adult 61 observation periods Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) Exposure Factor Datasets breeding CANADA 153 SE
Dietary Composition Mollusca (4), Arachnida (19), Isopoda (4), Orthoptera (15), Hemiptera (56), Coleoptera (7), Lepidoptera adult (20), Lepidoptera larvae (10), Diptera adult (188), Hymenoptera adult (9), Hymenoptera larvae (1) numbers of food items delivered to nestlings fitted with neck ligatures Not Reported Nestling 333 food items collected Badenoch Swamp, 14 km SE of Guelph (69 deg, 32'N, 80 deg, 13' W) Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Ecology of a Sierra Nevada population of willow flycatchers

Author(s)
Flett, Mary Anne and Susan D. Sanders
Pages
37-42
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Time of Hatching or Parturition June 30 time by which first eggs hatched Both Male and Female Adult 11 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis July 15-August 13 dates on which first and last young fledged Both Male and Female Adult 11 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Time of Migration or Dispersal August 31 date by which last fall migrants departed Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.3 average number of fledglings per nest fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling 11 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra 1.3 SD
Fledging or Weaning Rate 29% total egg-to-fledgling success rate Not Reported Fledgling 5 nests Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Exposure Factor Datasets Sierra
Citation:

The energetic consequences of incubation for two passerine species

Author(s)
Walsberg, Glenn E. and James R. King
Pages
644-655
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Surface Area 0.00487 estimated area of the external plumage surface (geometrical approximation) of 13.2 g bird m^2 Not Reported Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 13.2 mean body weight during breeding season g Female Adult 5 birds collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 0.325 predicted daytime basal metabolic rate W Not Reported Adult Not Reported collection location George E. Hudson Biological Reserve, Whitman County Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Livestock management and productivity of willow flycatchers in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Valentine, Bradley E., Thomas A. Roberts, Stephen P. Boland and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
105-114
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size range of clutch sizes eggs Female Adult 6 nests Sierra National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno
Hatching Success range of hatching success eggs/nest Not Reported Hatchling 6 nests Sierra National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets Fresno

Bushtit (Psaltriparus minumus)

Citation:

The energetic significance of huddling behavior in common bushtits (Psaltriparus minimus)

Author(s)
Chaplin, Susan B.
Pages
424-430
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate metabolic rate = 0.36(ambient T) + 14.64 linear regression equation for relationship between nocturnal metabolism and ambient temperature Not Reported Adult 12 birds captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 5.5 mean body weight g Not Reported Adult 6 birds captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 0.2 SE Laboratory
Food Ingestion Rate 35.17 consumption of mealworms at 20 deg C kJ/d Not Reported Adult 6 birds captured at Occidental College, Los Angeles Exposure Factor Datasets 1.26 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Behavior of the bush-tit in the breeding season

Author(s)
Addicott, Alice B.
Pages
49-63
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Mating/ Laying Mar-Apr time of peak nesting activity Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Stanford University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara
Territory Size approximate range of nesting territory diameters yd Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Stanford University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 13 incubation period from start to hatching d Not Reported Embryo 1 clutch Stanford University Campus Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Clara

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Citation:

The effects of fencelines on the reproductive success of loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven
Pages
281-285
Year
Issue
1
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Survival/ Mortality 13.0 estimated probability of an egg surviving to hatch in fenceline areas % Not Reported Embryo 39 clutches Archbold Biological Station Exposure Factor Datasets 0.2 SD
Survival/ Mortality 64.0 estimated probability of an egg surviving to hatch in pasture areas % Not Reported Embryo 25 clutches Archbold Biological Station Exposure Factor Datasets 30.1 SD
Survival/ Mortality 67.0 estimated probability of a nestling surviving to fledge in fenceline areas % Not Reported Nestling 39 clutches Archbold Biological Station Exposure Factor Datasets 1.8 SD
Survival/ Mortality 73.0 estimated probability of a nestling surviving to fledge in pasture areas % Not Reported Nestling 25 clutches Archbold Biological Station Exposure Factor Datasets 28.8 SD
Citation:

Nest ecology, productivity, and growth of the loggerhead shrike on the shortgrass prairie

Author(s)
Porter, David K., Mark A. Strong, J. Brent Giezentanner and Ronald A. Ryder
Pages
429-436
Year
Issue
4
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year 1 clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 77 pairs Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 6.39 average clutch size, 4 years eggs/clutch Female Adult 77 pairs Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 16 incubation period d Not Reported Embryo 330 hatched eggs Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 17 normal fledging period d Not Reported Fledgling 232 fledged birds Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 5.40 average number of fledglings produced per nest fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling 65 successful nests Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 5.69 average number of eggs hatched per successful nest eggs/nest Not Reported Hatchling 65 successful nests Pawnee National Grassland Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting ecology of the loggerhead shrike in southwestern Oklahoma

Author(s)
Tyler, Jack D.
Pages
95-104
Year
Issue
1
Volume
104
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 122 pairs Lawton, Comanche County Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 64 overall nestling survival rate % Not Reported Nestling 90 nests Lawton, Comanche County Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 46 calculated probability of survival of any nest from incubation onset to end of fledging % Not Reported Fledgling 109 nests Lawton, Comanche County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Resource dependence and territory size in loggehead shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus)

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven and Thomas C. Grubb, Jr.
Pages
465-469
Year
Issue
2
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.8 mean clutch size eggs/clutch Female Adult 24 clutches Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County Exposure Factor Datasets 0.9 SD
Hatching Success 33.8 percent of eggs that produced hatchlings by the day after the first hatch % Not Reported Hatchling 24 clutches Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County Exposure Factor Datasets 47.6 SD
Body Weight - Mean 33.0 mean body weight of 10 day old nestlings g Not Reported Nestling 18 nestlings Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County Exposure Factor Datasets 2.6 SD
Clutches or Litters per year number of clutches laid per season per pair clutches/pair Both Male and Female Adult 10 pairs Archbold Biological Station, Highlands County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven
Pages
1-27
Publisher
The Academy of Natural Sciences and The American Ornithologists' Union
Year
Issue
231
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Location Type Countries
Clutches or Litters per year review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Clutch or Litter Size review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Age at Sexual Maturity review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Hatching Success review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Fledging or Weaning Rate review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Population Density review Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA, USA
Citation:

Dynamics of a loggerhead shrike population in Minnesota

Author(s)
Brooks, Bonnie L. and Stanley A. Temple
Pages
441-450
Year
Issue
3
Volume
102
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 48 pairs southern Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5.65 average clutch size, 2 years eggs/clutch Female Adult 46 clutches southern Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets 1.17 SD
Hatching Success 4.18 average number of eggs hatched per nest hatchlings/nest Not Reported Hatchling 51 nests southern Minnesota Exposure Factor Datasets 2.33 SD
Citation:

Reproductive success and nesting habitat of loggerhead shrikes in north-central South Carolina

Author(s)
Gawlik, Dale E. and Keith L. Bildstein
Pages
37-48
Year
Issue
1
Volume
102
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Clutch or Litter Size 5.3 mean clutch size, 2 years eggs/clutch Female Adult 20 nests York County Exposure Factor Datasets 0.6 SD
Clutches or Litters per year clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 49 nests York County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effect of vegetation height on hunting behavior and diet of loggerhead shrikes

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven and Thomas C. Grubb, Jr.
Pages
127-131
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Territory Size 8.35 mean territory size in pasture habitat ha Both Male and Female Adult 6 territories Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid Exposure Factor Datasets 0.66 SD
Dietary Composition Odonata (12.1), Hemiptera (23.0), Coleoptera (22.3), Lepidoptera (7.3), Orthoptera (16.8), Hyla cinerea (7.6), H. squirella (1.7), Gastrophyne carolensis (0.9), Rana spenocephala (0.4), Anolis carolinensis (2.8), Scincella lateralis (4.1), Eumeces inexpectatus (1.0) percent of total prey items caught by observed pairs % Both Male and Female Adult 6 territories Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid Exposure Factor Datasets

Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)

Citation:

Breeding behavior of the bell vireo in southern Indiana

Author(s)
Nolan, Val, Jr.
Pages
225-244
Year
Issue
4
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Condition
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning period from hatching to leaving nestd d Not Reported Fledgling 6 birds Bloomington Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean g Male Adult 3 birds Bloomington Exposure Factor Datasets feeding young
Body Weight - Mean g Female Adult 4 birds Bloomington Exposure Factor Datasets feeding young
Body Weight - Mean 8.3 mean body weight g Not Reported Nestling 3 birds Bloomington Exposure Factor Datasets 6-7 d post-hatch
Citation:

Observations on the nesting sucess of Bell's vireos in southern Arizona

Author(s)
Clark, Clarence F.
Pages
117-120
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Hatching Success 84 percent of eggs hatched of total number laid % Not Reported Hatchling 24 nests, 70 eggs upper Santa Cruz River Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 59.9 percent of eggs producing fledglings of total eggs laid % Not Reported Hatchling 24 nests, 70 eggs upper Santa Cruz River Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii)

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T.
Pages
1-17
Publisher
The Academy of Natural Sciences; Philadelphia, PA: The American Ornithologists' Union, Washington, D.C.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Migration or Dispersal review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO, USA

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)

Citation:

Population structure in salt marsh song sparrows Part II: Density, Age Structure, and Maintanance

Author(s)
Johnston, Richard F.
Pages
254-272
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Clutch or Litter Size 3.14 eggs/nest Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Population Density pairs/100 acres Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Clutch or Litter Size 8.2 eggs/pair/year Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Longevity up to 7 years Both Male and Female Adult 6 animals (from 1000) San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Survival/ Mortality 80-85 1 year or younger % Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported San Pablo Marsh; San Francisco Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Determinants of lifetime reproductive success in the song sparrow

Author(s)
Smith, James N. M
Pages
154-172
Publisher
University of Chicago Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 11.1 numbers of eggs laid Female Adult 79 females Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.76
Clutch or Litter Size 10.1 number of eggs fertilized Female Adult, Both Adults and Juveniles 96 males Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.97
Clutches or Litters per year 2 clutches/year Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Survival and mobility in a population of pacific coast song sparrows (Melospiza melodia gouldii)

Author(s)
Halliburton, Richard and Richard L. Mewaldt
Pages
499-504
Year
Issue
4
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality 20 known minimum survival rates of juveniles; 1966-69 % Both Male and Female Juvenile nr Point Reyes National Seashore Exposure Factor Datasets Marin
Home Range 125 median m Male Adult nr Point Reyes National Seashore Exposure Factor Datasets Marin
Home Range 162 median m Female Adult nr Point Reyes National Seashore Exposure Factor Datasets Marin
Citation:

Territory sizes of song sparrows, Melospiza melodia, in rural and suburban habitats

Author(s)
DeGraaf, Richard M.
Pages
43-47
Year
Volume
103
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Territory Size 0.21;0.26 rural; suburban ha Both Male and Female Adult 10 territories Amherst MA, 42 deg.22' N., 72 deg. 30' W Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Postnuptial motl of the song sparrow on Mandarte Island in relation to breeding

Author(s)
Dhondt, Andre A. and James N. M. Smith
Pages
513-520
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Time of Molt June-September Both Male and Female Adult 69 Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Temporal spacing of broods, brood size, and parental care in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia)

Author(s)
Smith, James N. M. and Derek A. Roff
Pages
1007-1015
Year
Issue
6
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 3.58; 3.42 Both Male and Female Adult 140; 89 Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.1; 0.19
Citation:

Effects of supplemental food on growth and adult size in the song sparrow

Author(s)
Smith, James N. M. and Peter Arcese
Pages
1416-1423
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Error
Clutch or Litter Size 2.41 brood size with supplemental food young/nest Not Reported Chick 34 nests Mandarte island Exposure Factor Datasets 6 d CANADA 0.17
Clutch or Litter Size 1.64 no supplemental food young/nest Not Reported Chick 44 nests Mandarte Island Exposure Factor Datasets 6 d CANADA 0.13
Citation:

Determinants and consequences of nestling condition in song sparrows

Author(s)
Hochachka, Wesley, and James N. M. Smith
Pages
995-1008
Year
Issue
3
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 30 d Not Reported Fledgling Not Reported Mandarte island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Clutches or Litters per year 2-3 broods/year Not Reported Adult Not Reported Mandarte island Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Growth and development of the thermoregulation in nestling San Miguel Island song sparrow

Author(s)
Sogge, Mark K., Michael D. Kern, Robert Kern and Charles Van Riper III
Pages
773-776
Year
Volume
93
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean see table 1 Not Reported Nestling 6-33 nestlings San Miguel Island Exposure Factor Datasets 0-11 days

Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)

Citation:

A determination of the economic status of the western meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta) in California

Author(s)
Bryant, Harold C.
Pages
377-510
Year
Issue
14
Volume
11
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density birds/acre Not Reported Not Reported 23-67 birds counted Los Banos, Merced Exposure Factor Datasets Merced
Time of Nesting Mar-Aug length of nesting period Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year 2 usual number of nesting attempts per year nests/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5 usual number of eggs laid eggs/clutch Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 3 estimated average brood size young/clutch Not Reported Juvenile Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Birds of a prairie community

Author(s)
Kendeigh, Charles
Pages
165-174
Year
Issue
4
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range estimated breeding territory size defended by males acres Both Male and Female Adult 4 territories near Iowa Lakeside Laboratory Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Population estimates of breeding birds in North Dakota

Author(s)
Stewart, Robert E., and Harold A. Kantrud
Pages
766-788
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density 28.43 (96) mean density of breeding birds (maximum density in parentheses) pairs/square mile Both Male and Female Adult 130 sample units (160 acres/unit) Exposure Factor Datasets

Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. extimus)

Citation:

A southwestern willow flycatcher natural history summary and survey protocol

Author(s)
Sogge, Mark K., Robert M. Marshall, Susan J. Sferra, and Timothy J. Tibbitts
Pages
42 pp
Publisher
U.S. Department of the Interior, National Park Service
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Breeding ecology of a willow flycatcher population in Grand Canyon, Arizona

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T.
Pages
25-33
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density population density in a 360 km riparian corridor as indicated by song counts singing males/yr Male Adult 6 sampling yrs Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park Exposure Factor Datasets

Least Bell's Vireo (Vireo bellii ssp. pusillus)

Citation:

Riparian forest as habitat for the least Bell's vireo

Author(s)
Gray, M. Violet and James M. Greaves
Pages
605-611
Publisher
University of California Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density range of nesting density over two years pairs/243 ha Both Male and Female Adult 43-48 pairs (2 yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara
Fledging or Weaning Rate percent of nesting pairs that successfully raised at least one young (range over two years) % Both Male and Female Adult 43-48 pairs (2 yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara
Hatching Success range in proportions of total eggs hatching vs. total eggs laid (for two years) eggs hatched/eggs produced Not Reported Hatchling 238-262 eggs (two yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara
Fledging or Weaning Rate range in proportions of total chicks fledging vs. total chicks hatched (for two years) chicks fledged/chicks hatched Not Reported Fledgling 147 eggs hatched (2 yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara
Clutches or Litters per year annual clutch numbers per pair observed over 2 years clutches/yr Both Male and Female Adult 43-48 pairs (2 yrs) Gibraltar Reservoir Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Barbara

Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris)

Citation:

A status review of the Suisun song sparrow (Melospiza melodia maxillaris) in California

Author(s)
Larsen, Caryla J.
Pages
1-30
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Department Candidate Species Status Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Salt marsh song sparrow study

Author(s)
Jurek, R. M.
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Special Wildlife Investigations
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density 15.6-27.4 (brackish marsh), 9.1-20.5 (altered brackish marsh) breeding population densities pairs/ha Both Male and Female Adult 11 sample areas Suisun Bay; San Francisco Bay; San Pablo Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding

Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia), Suisun Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. maxillaris), San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)

Citation:

San Francisco Bay Region Salt Marsh Song Sparrow Survey, 1974

Author(s)
Walton, Brian James
Pages
19
Publisher
California Fish and Game, Special Wildlife Investigations
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density see table 1 Both Male and Female Adult 64 sites San Francisco Bay region Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa breeding

Northwestern willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. brewsteri)

Citation:

Empidonax traillii extimus: An endangered subspecies

Author(s)
Unitt, Philip
Pages
137-162
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal May 15 date of earliest arrival of spring migrants Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Alameda Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. pusillula)

Citation:

Salt marsh song sparrow study

Author(s)
Jurek, R. M.
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Special Wildlife Investigations
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Population Density 20.5-41.0 (salt marsh), 9.9-20.5 (alterned salt marsh), 5.9-11 (fringe vegetation) breeding population densities pairs/ha Both Male and Female Adult 27 sample areas Suisun Bay; San Francisco Bay; San Pablo Bay Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Condition Lab
Body Weight - Mean 2 description Both Male and Female Adult sample size location Exposure Factor Datasets age Alpine condition Laboratory
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