Falco sparverius (American Kestrel)

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American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)

Citation:

Parental care and behavior of breeding American Kestrels (Falco sparverius) in central Argentina.

Author(s)
Liébana, M.S., Sarasola, J.H. and Bó, M.S.
Issue
4
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Dietary Composition Vertebrates (29.1 %) Arthropods (70.9 %) Frequency determined by pellet analysis Frequency, % Fledgling 19 fledglings Parque Luro Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets ARGENTINA
Dietary Composition Vertebrates (11.2 %) Arthropods (88.8 %) Frequency determined by prey remains Frequency, % Fledgling 19 fledglings Parque Luro Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets ARGENTINA
Time of Mating/ Laying Late October-late December Adult 6 nests Parque Luro Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets ARGENTINA
Clutch or Litter Size 4.3 eggs Embryo 6 nests Parque Luro Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets ARGENTINA 0.3
Hatching Success 0.73 Embryo 26 eggs Parque Luro Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets ARGENTINA

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Countries Lab
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 14,580 ± 20 mm3 Egg volume Embryo 39 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 0.173 ± 0.001 mm Egg shell thickness Embryo 9 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 5.25 ± 0.9 eggs Clutch size Embryo 8 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 64 ± 5 % % fertile eggs in clutch Embryo 8 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 0.52 % eggs laid that resulted in banded juvenile kestrels Embryo Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
COPPER (elemental) No effect Methemoglobin Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE 92.1 m Half-life (IM) B Adult 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-209) 194 ng/g ww Plasma concentration B Adult 34 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HEXABROMOCYCLODODECANE (HBCDD) Unpaired exposed: increased Plasma testosterone M Adult 22 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Decreased Clutch size Adult 46 pairs McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Increased Plasma testosterone M Adult 32 McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) No effect Liver:body weight Embryo 60 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 0.875 Hatching success Embryo 70 Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PCB Decreased Plasma T3 M Adult 152 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 Increased HBCD M Adult 64 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 940 ±20 ng/g Carcass concentration NR Adult 17 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 15.00 ± 0.08 g Egg mass Embryo 8 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
See citation Figure 4 Copro-, uro-, and proto-porphyrin content of excreta 3 South Coast of Chile Toxicity Factor Datasets CHILE Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0..27 ppm ± 0.08 Egg concentration Embryo 4 Palmico Sound, New Dump Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE 4.3 ng/g ww (1.2-17.3) Kidney concentration Not Reported 5 Cartagena Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets COLUMBIA Laboratory
HEXACHLOROBENZENE 1.54 ng/g ww (0.819-3.66) Egg concentration 18 Crab Bank Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
HEXACHLOROBENZENE 2.73 ng/g ww (1.06-5.16) Egg concentration 33 Marsh Island Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 0.423 µg/g (0.383-0.487) Egg concentration Embryo 4 Carrizo Plain Toxicity Factor Datasets San Luis Obispo USA Laboratory
AROCLOR 1268 21.9 µg/g dw (18.5) Muscle concentration B Adult 46 LCP Superfund Site, Tutle River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DIELDRIN 0.02 Egg concentration Embryo 22 South San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
ALUMINUM COMPOUNDS 1 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0..42 µg/g ww ± 0.42 Egg concentration NR Embryo 69 Sinaloa Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO
COPPER (elemental) No effect Kidney concentration Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE 105.5 m Half-life (IV) B Adult 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-209) 14 d Half-life B Adult 34 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 Decreased Testosterone during mate egg laying M Adult 21 Avian Science and
Conservation Centre at McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Decreased Egg size Adult 46 pairs McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Decreased Plasma testosterone F Adult 32 McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) See citation Liver histology Embryo 60 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect Time of hatch Embryo 70 Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PCB Decreased Plasma T4 M Adult 152 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect Retinol M Adult 64 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 13,800 ± 400 ng/g Egg concentration NR Embryo 7 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 14,040 ± 20 mm3 Egg volume Embryo 43 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
CADMIUM (elemental) 0.09 µg/g ww ± 0.20 Egg concentration Embryo 63 Sinaloa Coast Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0.18 ppm ± 0.13 Egg concentration Embryo 8 Cape Fear River, North Pelican Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID 1.3 ng/g ww (1.0-1.8) Brain concentration Not Reported 5 Cartagena Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets COLUMBIA Laboratory
MIREX 5.53 ng/g ww (2.56-14.2) Egg concentration 18 Crab Bank Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
MIREX 0.287 (0.146-0.629) Egg concentration 33 Marsh Island Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 1.19 µg/g (0.70-2.82) Egg concentration Embryo 5 Pixley Toxicity Factor Datasets Tulare USA Laboratory
AROCLOR 1268 155.9 µg/g dw (172.2) Liver concentration B Adult 22 LCP Superfund Site, Tutle River Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
HEPTACHLOR EPOXIDE 0.01 Egg concentration Embryo 22 South San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
ARSENIC (elemental) 0.15 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
SULFUR DIOXIDE See citation Plasma FT3 F Adult 17 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
COPPER (elemental) No effect Plasma biochemistry Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE No effect Food intake B Adult 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
2,2',3,3',4,4',5,5',6,6'-DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER (BDE-209) See citation Plasma/organ PBDE congener concentrations B Adult 34 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect T3 M Adult 21 Avian Science and
Conservation Centre at McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) No effect Egg shell thickness Adult 46 pairs McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Decreased Plasma 17β-estradiol F Adult 32 McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 See citation Figure 3 & Table 2 Egg PBDE congener concentrations Embryo Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 Decreased Humerus length Embryo 70 Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PCB Decreased Plasma T3 F Adult 152 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 Increased ƩPBDE NR Nestling 64 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 7,600 ± 400 ng/g Liver concentration NR Adult 7 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 0.173 ± 0.002 mm Egg shell thickness Embryo 9 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0.42 µg/g ww ± 0.63 Egg concentration Embryo 63 Sinaloa Coast Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0.14 ppm ± 0.17 Egg concentration Embryo 24 Cape Fear River, Ferry Slip Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID <1 ng/g ww Heart concentration Not Reported 5 Cartagena Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets COLUMBIA Laboratory
CHLORDANE 35.8 ng/g ww (11.0-118) Egg concentration 10 Marsh Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DDE (4,4'-) 22.33 ng/g ww ± 12.2 Egg concentration Embryo 8 Colorado River Delta Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
DDE (4,4'), SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 0.169 mm (0.150-0.183) Eggshell thickness Embryo 10 Lemoore Toxicity Factor Datasets Fresno USA Laboratory
STRONTIUM 464 µg/g ± 174 Eggshell concentration Embryo 6 Roosevelt Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
OXYCHLORDANE 0.03 Egg concentration Embryo 22 South San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
CADMIUM (elemental) 0.06 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
SULFUR DIOXIDE Decreased Plasma FT4 F Adult 17 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
COPPER (elemental) No effect Hematocrit Adult 26 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
BUPRENORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE 15-30 m Sedation set-in, mild-moderate B Adult 13 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
PCB 5.4-31.5 ppm ww Plasma concentration M Adult 18 Avian Science and Conservation Centre of McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect T4 M Adult 21 Avian Science and
Conservation Centre at McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
1,2-DIBROMO-4-(1,2-DIBROMOETHYL)CYCLOHEXANE (DBE-DBCH - FORMERLY TBECH) Earlier Time of laying F Adult 46 pairs McGill University Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect Survival to day 24 Embryo 120 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 See citation Table 1 Egg PBDE congener concentrations at various incubation stages Embryo Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 No effect Ulna length Embryo 70 Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab Laboratory
PCB Increased Plasma T4 F Adult 152 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
PBDE TECHNICAL MIXTURE, DE-71 Increased HBCD NR Nestling 64 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 1,600 ± 100 ng/g Plasma concentration NR Adult 32 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HDBP (halogenated dimethyl bipyrroles) 5.50 ± 0.09 eggs Clutch size Embryo 8 Avian Science and Conservation
Centre of McGill University 		Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
CADMIUM (elemental) See citation figures Egg concentration Embryo 4 different colonies along Sinaloa Coast Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
MERCURY (elemental) 0.27 ppm ± 0.11 Egg concentration Embryo 19 Cape Fear River, South Pelican Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
PERFLUOROOCTANOIC ACID 1.1 ng/g ww (<1-1.5) Lung concentration Not Reported 5 Cartagena Bay Toxicity Factor Datasets COLUMBIA Laboratory
DDT (4,4'-) 119 ng/g ww (38.8-541) Egg concentration 10 Marsh Island Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
DDD (4,4'-) 9.25 ng/g ww ± 9.3 Egg concentration Embryo 8 Colorado River Delta Toxicity Factor Datasets MEXICO Laboratory
DDE (4,4'), SELENIUM COMPOUNDS 0.183 mm (0.170-0.194) Eggshell thickness Embryo 9 Salton Sea Toxicity Factor Datasets Imperial USA Laboratory
CALCIUM 280 µg/g ± 29 Eggshell concentration Embryo 6 Roosevelt Lake Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
TRANS-NONACHLOR 0.06 Egg concentration Embryo 22 South San Francisco Bay marshes Toxicity Factor Datasets USA Laboratory
CHROMIUM (elemental) 1.40 µg/g dw Liver concentration NR Hatchling 4 Hamilton Harbour, Western Lake Ontario Toxicity Factor Datasets CANADA Laboratory
SULFUR DIOXIDE Decreased Plasma TT4 F Adult 17 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA
PBDE MIXTURE Increased Plasma TT4 F Nestling Environment Canada Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab CANADA Laboratory
HYDROMORPHONE HYDROCHLORIDE 112.1 mg/mL at 5 m post dose Plasma concentration B Adult 12 Toxicity Factor Datasets Lab USA Laboratory
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