Time of Mating/ Laying
Cave Bat (Myotis velifer)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April to May | Male testes begin enlargement | M | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | ||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | August and September | Breeding season | B | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | ||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 14-Jun | First young born | Neonate | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | |||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 48 | Gestation period | d | F | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Lesser Long-Nosed Bat (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Mating season (>70% males have scrotal testes) | M | Adult | 198 | Los Laguitos Cave, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO | ||||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 65.75 | Duration of intercourse | s | B | Adult | 204 (121 males, 83 females) | Los Laguitos Cave, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Chiapas | Exposure Factor Datasets | Integrated breeding colony | MEXICO | 5.09 |
Pocketed Free-Tailed Bat (Nyctinomops femorosaccus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Before ovulation in spring | Insemination | F | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding |
California Leaf-Nosed Bat (Macrotus californicus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | July-early November (most September-October) | M | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation beginning p. 62 | Female reproduction cycle | F | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Ovulation/fertilization: October, Gestation: November-mid June, Lactation: mid June-August, Anestrus: August, Estrus: September | Time of reproductive cycle | F | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding |
California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Few days post migration | Time of spawning | B | Adult | Xeric central California valleys/foothills | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog (Rana boylii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 12-May | Start time of egg mass deposition | Embryo | North Fork Feather River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 24-Jun | Start time of egg mass deposition | Embryo | South Form American River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation Figure 2 | Start time of egg mass deposition | Embryo | 8 rivers across northern Sierra Nevada | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Spring, March-June | B | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See Figure 3; early April-mid June | Oviposition | Date | B | Embryo | Not reported | Trinity River tributaries | Exposure Factor Datasets | Trinity | USA |
California Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Spermatogenesis | Month | M | Adult | Throughout California | Exposure Factor Datasets | Not reported | USA |
American Robin (Turdus migratorius)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Peak: May 21-25 | Time of laying | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Longjaw Mudsucker (Gillichthys mirabilis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | California Counties | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Spawning | Month | B | Adult | Scammons Lagoon | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara | USA |
Santa Cruz Long-Toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 1955: early February; 1956: late February; 1957: sporadic; 1958: early February; 1959: mid-January | Main breeding effort by year | B | Adult | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz | USA | ||||
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation Table 11 | % breeding individuals by size class | % | B | Adult | 137 | Valencia Lagoon | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | Santa Cruz | USA |
Mexican Long-Tongued Bat (Choeronycteris mexicana)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Early spring | Time of pregnancy | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Time of birth | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding |
Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation Figure 1 | Time of nesting activities (mating, laying, nesting) | Month | B | Adult | See citation | Isla Montague, northern Gulf of California | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | MEXICO |
Ashy Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 43267 | 96 | Orizaba Rock, Santa Cruz Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Barbara | USA | 2.5 |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 43257 | 156 | Cave of the Birds' Eggs, Santa Cruz Island | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Barbara | USA | 2.1 |
California Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Review | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Western Meadowlark (Sturnella neglecta)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 43255 | Clutch initation date | Adult | Bowdoin National Wildlife Refuge | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Peregrine Falcon (Falco peregrinus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Tritriva: July, Tsimanampetsotsa: August | Egg laying | Adult | 3 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | MADAGASCAR | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Tritriva: June, Tsimanampetsotsa: July | Courtship initiation | Adult | 3 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | MADAGASCAR |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 43170 | B | Adult | 249 | Central-eastern Italian Alps | Exposure Factor Datasets | Breeding | ITALY |
Least Tern (Sterna antillarum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 1995: 181, 1996: 184, 1997: 199 | Clutch initiation dates | Julian date | Embryo | 1995: 546, 1996: 272, 1997: 182 | Cow Island, lower Mississippi River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 1995: 183, 1996: 187, 1997: 187 | Clutch initiation dates | Julian date | Embryo | 1995: 195, 1996: 371, 1997: 372 | Porter Lake, lower Mississippi River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 1995: 187, 1996: 192 1997: 187 | Clutch initiation dates | Julian date | Embryo | 1995: 255, 1996: 196, 1997: 382 | St. Francis, lower Mississippi River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 1995: 179, 1996: 182, 1997: 161 | Clutch initiation dates | Julian date | Embryo | 1995: 240, 1996: 161, 1997: 481 | Kangaroo Pt., lower Mississippi River | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA |
Sideblotched Lizard (Uta stansburiana)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Location | Type | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation Figure 1 | Timing of various reproductive stages | F | Reserva de Biosfera de Mapim´ı, Durango, Mexico |
Exposure Factor Datasets | Sexual mature | MEXICO |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - July | time of laying | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Deschutes River, Jefferson county (elev., 732m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
American Kestrel (Falco sparverius)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Late October-late December | Adult | 6 nests | Parque Luro Reserve | Exposure Factor Datasets | ARGENTINA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late May - June | entire laying period | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Sagehen Creek Field Station | Exposure Factor Datasets | Nevada, Sierra |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | March-May | period of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding | Laboratory |
Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | January | 2-3 surveys/y | Small Islands of Bahía Santa María- La Reforma, Sinaloa, México |
Exposure Factor Datasets | CHILE |
Desert Tortoise (Gopherus agassizi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 42913 | Oviposition date | Date | Adult | 8 | Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | 14 d |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 42917 | Oviposition date | Date | Adult | 4 | Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | 7 d |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 42929 | Oviposition date | Date | Adult | 13 | Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | 9 d |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 42941 | Oviposition date | Date | Adult | 7 | Sugarloaf Mountain, AZ | Exposure Factor Datasets | USA | 21 d |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation Figure 2 | Clutch phenology | F | Adult | Mesa wind farm near Palm Springs, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Riverside | Gravid | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | review | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Ensatina (Ensatina eschscholtzii)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties | Condition | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | See citation | F | Adult | 19 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Lab | Gravid | USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late spring - early summer | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Oct. - Mar. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia formerly Speotyto cunicularia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April | Female | Adult | 4 burrows | Umatillo and Morrow counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA, MEXICO, USA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | third week of March (begin) | Female | Adult | 15 pairs | Albuquerque | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Western Fence Lizard (Sceloporus occidentalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. (begin) | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | yellow pine forest, central Sierra Nevada (elev., 1500m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - July | time of laying | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | central Sierra Nevada (elev., 1500 or 2200m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May-June (begin) | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | central Sierra Nevada (elev., 2200m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | see citation | figure of time of egg laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Valyermo (elev., 1300m) [lat., 34^o27'N; long., 117^o45'W], Wrightwood (elev., 2200m) [lat., 34^o23'N; long., 117^o40' W], Throop Peak (elev., 2600m) [lat., 34^o22'N; long., 117^o48'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Los Angeles, San Bernardino |
Santa Cruz Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. croceum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Feb. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Valencia Lagoon, Rio Del Mar | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz |
Eastern Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. columbianum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - July | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Wallowa County (elev., 2470m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - May | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Inyo |
California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - Aug. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | San Nicolas Island | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Mar-July | Both Male and Female | Not Reported | 15 years | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | early Feb.-July | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | California to Washington | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | 24 Feb-19 April | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Mandarte island | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | March 29-June 25 (1991), March 11-June 29 (1992) | length of egg laying season in two sample years | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Fuente de Piedra lake, s. Spain | Exposure Factor Datasets | SPAIN |
Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | early Apr. (begin), late Apr. - early May and late May - early June (peaks), July (end) | breeding season | Not Reported | Adult | 100 | lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Desert Iguana (Dipsosaurus dorsalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - July | time of potential breeding based on testis volume | Male | Adult | 365 | Dale Dry Lake, Palm Springs and Algodones Dunes | Exposure Factor Datasets | Imperial, Riverside, San Bernardino |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - May | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
| Time of Mating/ Laying | June - July | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Southern Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum ssp. sigillatum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - June | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Big Meadow (elev., 1980m) and Mosquito Lakes (elev., 2450 m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alpine, Calaveras |
Western Skink (Eumeces skiltonianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May-June | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Great Horned Owl (Bubo virginianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | February (peak), March (end) | egg laying dates | Female | Adult | 16 nests | Pima and Pinal Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets | breeding |
Coyote (Canis latrans)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Apr. | breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Western Snowy Plover (Charadrius nivosus ssp. nivosus formerly Charadrius alexandrinus ssp. nivosus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April, May | months of peak nest initiation activity, 2 years | Both Male and Female | Adult | 2-15 nests/colony/year | coast | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late Nov. -late Apr. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Taylor, Williamson County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - Dec. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Bass Lake (elev., 4500 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Mar. (begin), Mar. - May (peak), July - Aug. (possible 2nd peak), Aug. - Dec. (end) | based on % fecund specimens | Both Male and Female | Adult | 1546 | western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500-5000 ft.) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Plumas |
Southwestern Willow Flycatcher (Empidonax traillii ssp. extimus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | review | Not Reported | Not Reported | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April 4 - July (median = May) | time of clutch initiation | Female | Adult | 265 nests | eastern - south central North Dakota, near Jamestown | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Location | Type | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | April 10 (end) | southern part of U.S. breeding range | Exposure Factor Datasets | laying |
Long-toed Salamander (Ambystoma macrodactylum)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - July | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Crater Lake, Munson Oxbow Pond, Aant Point Pond, Whitehorse Bluff ponds and Lake West | Exposure Factor Datasets |
San Francisco Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. tetrataenia)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Oct. - Nov. | Both Male and Female | Adult | 2 mating masses | San Francisco Peninsula | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Mateo |
California Vole (Microtus californicus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Sept/Oct. - May/June | breeding; > 50% in reproductive condition | Both Male and Female | Adult | Richmond Field Station and Russel Reservation | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
California Least Tern (Sterna antillarum ssp. browni)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May to Aug | beginning to end of nesting period | Both Male and Female | Adult | 1 colony | Cuixmala Beach [19 deg, 22'14"N, 104 deg 59'31"W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | MEXICO |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. ubericolor)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Aug. | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | 87 | E.E. Wilson Game Management Area, Corvallis | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Alameda Whipsnake (Masticophis lateralis ssp. euryxanthus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | 4 | outdoor enclosures, Hayward, CA | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - Feb. | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Joaquin Experimental Range | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Mar. | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | University of California, Santa Cruz Campus [lat., 37^oN; long., 122^oW] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Cruz |
Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late Feb-early Apr | period of egg laying | Female | Adult | 1 pair, 4 years | Exposure Factor Datasets | Santa Clara |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr-mid Aug | period from clutch initiations to chicks fledging | Both Male and Female | Adult | 98 pairs | Ada, Elmoor, Owyhee Counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Boreal Toad (Anaxyrus boreas ssp. boreas formerly Bufo boreas ssp. boreas)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - July | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | ponds, Missoula and Ravalli counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Blunt-nosed Leopard Lizard (Gambelia sila formerly Gambelia silus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - June | time of laying | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Elkhorn Plain (elev., 685-765m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | San Luis Obispo |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - May | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo, Tulare |
Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - May | time of breeding | Male | Adult | Not Reported | Berkeley Hills | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Jan. - May | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | Alameda, Contra Costa, Lake, Marin, Napa |
San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia ssp. samuelis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late Feb/Mar-June | Not Reported | San Pablo Marsh | Exposure Factor Datasets | Contra Costa |
Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Mar. - Nov. (peaks; Apr.-June and Sept.-Oct.) | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Mountain Lake Biological Station, Giles County [lat., 37^010'N; long., 80^o30' W] | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | late Oct.-Nov. | period over which copulation occurs | Both Male and Female | Adult | 1 male, 5 females | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern, San Luis Obispo |
Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - July | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Deschutes and Linn counties (elev., 1220-1950m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Red-sided Garter Snake (Thamnophis sirtalis ssp. parietalis)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Countries |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - May | time of breeding | Both Male and Female | Adult | 5/sampling time | Manitoba | Exposure Factor Datasets | CANADA |
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