Population Density

Displaying 483 data points

Lesser Long-Nosed Bat (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae)

Citation:

Seasonal ecology of a migratory nectar-feeding bat at the edge of its range.

Author(s)

Frick, W.F., Heady III, P.A., Earl, A.D., Arteaga, M.C., Cortés-Calva, P. and Medellín, R.A.

Issue

5

Volume

99
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 4	Proportion of reproductive & age class	Fraction of total	F	Both Adults and Juveniles	Not reported	Baja Peninsula	Exposure Factor Datasets	MEXICO

Cave Bat (Myotis velifer)

Citation:

Population dynamics and site fidelity of the cave bat, Myotis velifer, in Oklahoma.

Author(s)

Humphrey, S.R. and Oli, M.K.

Issue

5

Volume

96
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	13,600	Bats	B	Both Adults and Juveniles		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Yr 1&2: 23,850, yr 3: 14,200, yr 4: >20,000	Bats	B	Both Adults and Juveniles		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

California Tiger Salamander (Ambystoma californiense)

Citation:

Spatially autocorrelated demography and interpond dispersal in the salamander Ambystoma californiense.

Author(s)

Trenham, P.C., Koenig, W.D. and Shaffer, H.B.

Issue

12

Volume

82
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Condition	Countries
Population Density	BP: 48, SK: 0, LC: 150, CRP: n/a, SP: 1, HP: 1, WP: 8, CP: 5, TP: 3, AP: 0	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	F	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA
Population Density	BP: 45, SK: 8, LC: 89, CRP: 1, SP: 7, HP: 0, WP: 43, CP: 17, TP: 27, AP: n/a	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	M	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA
Population Density	BP: 13, SK: 0, LC: 32, CRP: 0, SP: 1, HP: 1, WP: 7, CP: 4, TP: 6, AP: n/a	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	F	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA
Population Density	BP: 47, SK: 14, LC: 325, CRP: 8, SP: 9, HP: 20, WP: 107, CP: 36, TP: 57, AP: 8	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	M	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA
Population Density	BP: 36, SK: 3, LC: 216, CRP: 1, SP: 2, HP: 6, WP: 44, CP: 12, TP: 39, AP: 4	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	F	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA
Population Density	BP: 35, SK: 11, LC: 168, CRP: n/a, SP: 0, HP: 17, WP: 37, CP: 11, TP: 35, AP: 2	Annual estimated breeding population per pond	No. individuals	M	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch; see citation for pond acronyms and areas	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Reproductive ecology of a population of the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)

Loredo, I. and Van Vuren, D.

Issue

4

Volume

1996
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	1992-1993: 65, 1993-1994: 121	Breeding population size	mm	M	Adult	Concord Naval Weapons Station	Exposure Factor Datasets	Contra Costa	USA
Population Density	1992-1993: 81, 1993-1994: 15	Breeding population size	mm	F	Adult	Concord Naval Weapons Station	Exposure Factor Datasets	Contra Costa	USA
Population Density	1991-1992: 1248, 1992-1993: 481, 1993-1994: 3		mm	B	Juvenile	Concord Naval Weapons Station	Exposure Factor Datasets	Contra Costa	USA

Citation:

Life history and demographic variation in the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense).

Author(s)

Trenham, P.C., Bradley Shaffer, H., Koenig, W.D. and Stromberg, M.R.

Issue

2

Volume

2000
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 2	Breeding population size	No. individuals	B	Adult	Oak Ridge Ranch	Exposure Factor Datasets	Monterey	USA

Citation:

Effective population size is strongly correlated with breeding pond size in the endangered California tiger salamander, Ambystoma californiense.

Author(s)

Wang, I.J., Johnson, J.R., Johnson, B.B. and Shaffer, H.B.

Issue

4

Volume

12
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	FMC: 42, OEV: 64, VS1: 40, VS2: 29, VS3: 33, VS4: 29, CCR: 11, SCR: 14, LPR: 13, BCS: 25	Ne, effective population size	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	203	10 ponds; see citation for names	Exposure Factor Datasets	Merced	USA

Citation:

Calculating biologically accurate mitigation credits: insights from the California tiger salamander.

Author(s)

Searcy, C.A. and Shaffer, H.B.

Issue

4

Volume

22
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 1b	Modeled density distribution of reproductive value	B	Adult	Adults: 608, juveniles: 1828, metamorphs: 3146	Olcott Lake, Jepson Prairie Preserve	Exposure Factor Datasets	Solano	USA

American Robin (Turdus migratorius)

Citation:

Use of cover crop fields by migratory and resident birds.

Author(s)

Wilcoxen, C.A., Walk, J.W. and Ward, M.P.

Volume

252
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See Figure 1	Relative abundance by crop field type	Birds/100 m	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	See citation	East-central Illinois	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Recovery of an American Robin Turdue-Migratorius population after earlier DDT use.

Author(s)

Beaver, D.L.

Issue

3

Volume

51
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See Figure 1	B	Adult	Michigan State University, north campus	Exposure Factor Datasets	Prenesting and nesting	USA

Citation:

Offspring size as an index of habitat degradation.

Author(s)

Warkentin, I.G., Reed, J.M. and Dunham, S.M.

Issue

2

Volume

3
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	San Juan: 0.10; Stewart: 0.06; Clear: 0.07	per 100 net-hours/km2	NR	Adult	Not reported	Toiyabe Mountains in Lander and Nye Counties	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Breeding bird response to cattle grazing of a cottonwood bottomland.

Author(s)

Sedgwick, J.A. and Knopf, F.L.

Issue

1

Volume

51
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	Grazed: 1982: 26.6; 1984: 37.6; 1985: 39.6; ungrazed: 1982: 25.4; 1984: 27.5; 1985: 48.6	Mean abundance	Birds/100 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	South Platte Wildlife Management Area	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	Grazed: 1982: 6.21; 1984: 4.58; 1985: 7.89; ungrazed: 1982: 4.14; 1984: 3.30; 1985: 2.55

Citation:

Changes in bird communities in boreal mixedwood forest: harvest and wildfire effects over 30 years.

Author(s)

Hobson, K.A. and Schieck, J.

Issue

3

Volume

9
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See Figure 3	Birds/ha	Birds/ha	B	See citation	Alberta	Exposure Factor Datasets	CANADA

Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog (Rana boylii)

Citation:

Rana Boylii (Foothill Yellow-Legged Frog). Reproduction.

Author(s)

Bourque, R.M., Bettaso, J.B.

Issue

4

Volume

42
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	323.5	Egg mass density	Egg masses/km river	Embryo	728 egg masses	Mad River	Exposure Factor Datasets	Humboldt	USA
Population Density	176.9	Egg mass density	Egg masses/km river	Embryo			Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	16	Egg mass density	Egg masses/km river				Exposure Factor Datasets		USA

Citation:

Hydrologic and geomorphic factors affecting conservation of a river‐breeding frog (Rana boylii).

Author(s)

Kupferberg, S.J.

Issue

4

Volume

6
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	1992: 292, 1993: 399, 1994: 553	Number of clutches	B	Embryo	Angelo Coast Range Preserve	Exposure Factor Datasets	Mendocino	USA

Citation:

Foothill yellow-legged frog (Rana boylii) oviposition site choice at multiple spatial scales.

Author(s)

Lind, A.J., Welsh Jr, H.H. and Wheeler, C.A.

Issue

2

Volume

50
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See Figure 3	Egg masses/km	B	Embryo	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Effects of flow regimes altered by dams on survival, population declines, and range‐wide losses of California river‐breeding frogs.

Author(s)

Kupferberg, S.J., Palen, W.J., Lind, A.J., Bobzien, S., Catenazzi, A., Drennan, J., and Power, M.E.

Issue

3

Volume

26
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	See Table 1	Presence in sites occupied prior to 1975					Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Rivers with dams: 5.5, free flowing rivers: 31.1	Clutch abundance per distance	Clutches/km	B	Embryo		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	Rivers with dams: 1.2, free flowing rivers: 9.2

Vesper Bat (Myotis yumanensis)

Citation:

Use of bridges by bats (mammalia: chiroptera) in the Rio Grande Valley, New Mexico.

Author(s)

Geluso, K. and Mink, J.N.

Issue

4

Volume

54
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	13997	Occupying bridges	No. individuals	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	13,997	Rio Grande Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Snowy Egret (Egretta thula)

Citation:

Widespread cannibalism by fledglings in a nesting colony of Black-crowned Night-herons.

Author(s)

Riehl, C.

Issue

1

Volume

118
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	10	Breeding pairs on island	Pairs	B	Adult	10	Oschner Island, Audobon Park, New Orleans	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Colony turnover, nest success and productivity, and causes of nest failure among wading birds (Ciconiiformes) at Lake Okeechobee, Florida (1989-1992).

Author(s)

Smith, J.P. and Collopy, M.W.

Volume

45
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation Table 2	Number of nests	See citation	Lake Okeechobee	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Status, trends, and implications for the conservation of heron and egret nesting colonies in the San Francisco Bay area.

Author(s)

Kelly, J.P., Etienne, K., Strong, C., McCaustland, M. and Parkes, M.L

Issue

4

Volume

30
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 2	Number of active nests	Adult	See citation	San Francisco bay area	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Rainfall effects on heron and egret nest abundance in the San Francisco Bay area.

Author(s)

Kelly, J.P. and Condeso, T.E.

Issue

5

Volume

34
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	304 [258.2-358.8 (95%CI)]	Nest abundance	Not reported	San Francisco bay area	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Wading bird foraging: response and recovery from an oil spill.

Author(s)

MacCarone, A.D. and Brzorad, J.N.

Issue

2

Volume

23
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	1989: 90, 1998: 87, 1999: 94	Active nests before/after oil spill in 1990	No. of active nests	B	Adult	See citation	Isle of Meadows in Arthur Kill	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Colonization and growth of a mixed-species heronry in South Dakota.

Author(s)

Naugle, D.E., Johnson, R.R., Meeks, W.A. and Higgins, K.F

Issue

2

Volume

19
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	20	Nests in heronry	No. nests	B	Adult	20	Brown County (45⁰ 40'N, 98⁰ 05'W)	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Reproductive success of wading birds usingPhragmites marsh and upland nesting habitats.

Author(s)

Parsons, K.C.

Issue

2

Volume

26
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 2	Number of nests	No. nests	Embryo	See citation	Pea Patch Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Distribution and Abundance of Breeding Birds in Boston Harbor

Author(s)

Paton, P.W.C., Harris, R. J. and Trocki, C.L.

Issue

3

Volume

12
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Table 1	Breeding pairs on islands in Boston Harbor	No. pairs	B	Adult	2002: 66, 2003: 58	Islands in Boston Harbor	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Current status and distribution of the Ciconiiforms nesting in Wyoming.

Author(s)

Findholt, S.L. and Berner, K.L.

Issue

2

Volume

48
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Table 3	Number of nests	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

The effects of prey availability on the numerical response of wading birds.

Author(s)

Gawlik, D.E.

Issue

3

Volume

72
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 4	Birds/2.4 ha	Birds/2.4 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	See citation	Constructed wetlands, Palm Beach	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Long-term trends in population and community measures of colonial-nesting waterbirds in Galveston Bay Estuary.

Author(s)

Gawlik, D.E., Slack, R.D., Thomas, J.A. and Harpole, D.N.

Issue

2

Volume

21
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	1008	Annual abundance	Both Adults and Juveniles	See citation	Galveston Bay Estuary	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	581

Citation:

Birds of rice fields in the Americas.

Author(s)

Acosta, M., Mugica, L., Blanco, D., López-Lanús, B., Dias, R.A., Doodnath, L.W. and Hurtado, J.

Issue

1

Volume

33
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	Review: 6.656	Relative abundance		See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	TRINIDAD/TOBOGO
Population Density	Review: 2.993	Relative abundance		See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	COSTA RICA
Population Density	Review: 0.225	Relative abundance		166		Exposure Factor Datasets	ARGENTINA
Population Density	Review: 0.082	Relative abundance		98		Exposure Factor Datasets	URUGUAY
Population Density	Review: 4.507	Relative abundance		See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	SURINAME
Population Density	Review: 1.32	Relative abundance		See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	BRAZIL
Population Density	Review: 285		Birds/ha	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	COSTA RICA
Population Density	Review: 1217		Birds/ha	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	CUBA
Population Density	Review: 43		Birds/ha	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	SURINAME
Population Density	Review: 325		Birds/ha	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	TRINIDAD/TOBOGO
Population Density	2.92	Mean relative abundance of 10 countires in the Americas			Cuba, Trinidad/Tobogo, Costa Rica, Argentina, Uruguay, Suriname, Brazil	Exposure Factor Datasets		2.49
Population Density	Review: 4.633	Relative abundance		See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets	CUBA

Citation:

Changes in the nesting populations of colonial waterbirds in Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, New York, 1974–1998.

Author(s)

Brown, K.M., Tims, J.L., Erwin, R.M. and Richmond, M.E.

Issue

3

Volume

8
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 6B	Nesting pairs over time	Nesting pairs/yr	Adult	See citation	Jamaica Bay Wildlife Refuge, Long Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	USA

Citation:

Diversity, Abundance and Nesting Phenology of the Wading Birds of Bahía Kino, Sonora, México.

Author(s)

Clark, E.W., Fleishman, A.B. and Riegner, M.F.

Issue

4

Volume

38
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	2009: 132, 2010: 216, 2011: 150, 2012: 30, 2013: 11	Nests from flight rates & direct counts	No. nests	Adult	Bahia Kino, Sonora	Exposure Factor Datasets	Breeding	MEXICO

Turkey Vulture (Cathartes aura)

Citation:

Predatory bird populations in the east Mojave Desert, California.

Author(s)

Knight, R.L., Camp, R.J., Boarman, W.I. and Knight, H.A.

Issue

4

Volume

59
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries	Error
Population Density	Rangeland: 0.4, irrigated ag: 7.8, urban: 3.6	Mean number per 100 km	No. birds	Both Adults and Juveniles	115⁰45'E, 34⁰33'N	Exposure Factor Datasets	San Bernardino	USA	Rangeland: 0.6, irrigated ag: 37.3, urban: 14.3

Pacific Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas)

Citation:

Spatial Distribution and Residency of Green and Loggerhead Sea Turtles Using Coastal Reef Habitats in Southern Mozambique.

Author(s)

Williams, J.L., Pierce, S.J., Rohner, C.A., Fuentes, M.M. and Hamann, M.,

Volume

3
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	Review: 0.0000485	Individuals/hr/ha via aerial photo	Turtles/hr/ha	NR	Not Reported	154	Bazaruto Archipelago Marine National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	MOZAMBIQUE
Population Density	0.00000945	Individuals/hr/ha via dive log	Turtles/hr/ha	NR	Not Reported	See citation	Praiado Tofo, Inhambane Province	Exposure Factor Datasets	MOZAMBIQUE

Citation:

Habitat selection by green turtles in a spatially heterogeneous benthic landscape in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida.

Author(s)

Fujisaki, I., Hart, K.M. and Sartain-Iverson, A.R.

Issue

3

Volume

24
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	50% kernel density estimate	km2	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	15	Dry Tortugas National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	95% kernel density estimate	km2	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	15	Dry Tortugas National Park	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Population trends and survival of nesting green sea turtles Chelonia mydas on Aves Island, Venezuela.

Author(s)

García-Cruz, M.A., Lampo, M., Peñaloza, C.L., Kendall, W.L., Solé, G. and Rodríguez-Clark, K.M.

Issue

2

Volume

29
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	Nesting females/yr	Nesting females/yr	F	Adult	See citation	Aves Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	VENEZUELA

Citation:

First citizen-science population abundance and growth rate estimates for green sea turtles Chelonia mydas foraging in the northern Great Barrier Reef, Australia.

Author(s)

Hof, C.A., Smallwood, E., Meager, J. and Bell, I.P.

Volume

574
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	4392	Calculated no. individuals in bay	No. individuals	B	Edgecumbe Bay, Queensland	Exposure Factor Datasets	AUSTRALIA

Citation:

Trends and variability in demographic indicators of a recovering population of green sea turtles Chelonia mydas.

Author(s)

Piacenza, S.E., Balazs, G.H., Hargrove, S.K., Richards, P.M. and Heppell, S.S.

Volume

31
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sample Size	Location	Type	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 1	Abundance of nesters	See citation	East Island, French Frigate Shoals	Exposure Factor Datasets	Nesting	USA

California Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)

Citation:

Distribution and density of black rail populations along the lower Colorado River.

Author(s)

Repking, C.F. and Ohmart, R.D.

Issue

4

Volume

79
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Type	Countries
Population Density	West pond: 22, Imperial Reservoir: 1, Squaw Lake: 6, Senator Wash: 10, Small Island: 0, Ferguson Lake: 5, Unnamed areas: 10	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Mittry Lake: 9, Gila Main Gravity Cancal seepage: 9, Imperial Reservoir: 14, Large Island: 14, Imperial National Wildlife Refuge: 0	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Mittry Lake: 8, Gila Main Gravity Cancal seepage: 4, Imperial Reservoir: 2, Large Island: 0, Imperial National Wildlife Refuge: 0	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Mittry Lake: 10, Gila Main Gravity Cancal seepage: 12, Imperial Reservoir: 9, Large Island: 3, Imperial National Wildlife Refuge: 8	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	West pond: 16, Imperial Reservoir: 2, Squaw Lake: 10, Senator Wash: 21, Small Island: 1, Ferguson Lake: 5, Unnamed areas: 5	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	West pond: 11, Imperial Reservoir: 1, Squaw Lake: 4, Senator Wash: 2, Small Island: 0, Ferguson Lake: 0, Unnamed areas: 2	Individuals observed aurally	B	Not Reported	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Tidal marsh birds of the San Francisco Bay region: status, distribution, and conservation of five Category 2 taxa.

Author(s)

Nur, N., Zack, S., Evens, J. and Gardali, T.
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	3900-7700			B	Both Adults and Juveniles		San Pablo Bay	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	160-250			B			Outer Coast	Exposure Factor Datasets	Marin	USA
Population Density	4100-8000			B			Suisun Bay	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	See citation Tables 14 & 15	"Minimum density"	Individuals/36.2 m radius	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	See citation Table 15	"Minimum density"	Individuals/36.2 m radius	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	See citation		Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	6914	Estimated abundance	Individuals/5531 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	6914	San Pablo Bay	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	5405	Estimated abundance	Individuals/3780 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	5405	Suisun & Carquinez	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA
Population Density	250	Estimated abundance	Individuals/543 ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	250	Outer Coast	Exposure Factor Datasets		USA

Citation:

Distribution of California black rails in the Sierra Nevada foothills.

Author(s)

Richmond, O.M., Tecklin, J. and Beissinger, S.R.

Issue

4

Volume

79
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	1.84 (pi=1), 3.68 (pi=0.5)	Density estimate	Rails/ha	Not Reported	Sierra Nevada foothills & Sacramento Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.25 (pi=1), 0.50 (pi=0.5)
Population Density	1.81 (pi=1), 3.61 (pi=0.5)	Density estimate		Not Reported	Sierra Nevada foothills & Sacramento Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.30 (pi=1), 0.60 (pi=0.5)
Population Density	1.67 (pi=1), 3.35 (pi=0.5)	Density estimate		Not Reported	Sierra Nevada foothills & Sacramento Valley	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.20 (pi=1), 0.41 (pi=0.5)

Citation:

Effects of Temporal and Environmental Factors on the Probability of Detecting California Black Rails (Efectos de los Factores Temporales y Ambientales en la Probabilidad de Detectar Individuos de Laterallus jamaicensis coturniculus).

Author(s)

Spear, L.B., Terrill, S.B., Lenihan, C. and Delevoryas, P.

Issue

4

Volume

70
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	See citation Figure 1	Individuals/ha	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	Concord Naval Weapsons Station	Exposure Factor Datasets	Contra Costa	USA

Citation:

Discovery and habitat use of black rails along the central Florida Gulf Coast.

Author(s)

Pranty, B., Robinson, D.J. and Barnwell, M.

Issue

2

Volume

32
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	2	Individuals observed	Individuals	NR	Not Reported	Crystal River State Buffer Preserve, Citrus County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	27	Individuals observed	Individuals	NR	Not Reported	Weekiwachee Preserve, Hernando County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	10	Individuals observed	Individuals	NR	Not Reported	Werner-Boyce Salt Springs State Park, Pasco County	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

California Black Rails in the San Francisco Bay region: spatial and temporal variation in distribution and abundance.

Author(s)

Evens, J. and Nur, N.

Publisher

Cornell Lab of Ornithology

Volume

6
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	Based on median: 163, adjusted: 289	Abundance		B	See citation	Outer Coast	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	1.25	Medium abundance index	Indivuals/5531 ha	B	See citation	San Pablo Bay	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.345
Population Density	1.43	Medium abundance index	Indivuals/3780 ha	B	See citation	Suisun & Carquinez	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.32
Population Density	0.46	Medium abundance index	Indivuals/543 ha	B	See citation	Outer Coast	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	0.196
Population Density	Based on median: 3930, adjusted: 7100	Abundance		B	See citation	San Pablo Bay	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	Based on median: 4080, adjusted: 7200	Abundance		B	See citation	Suisun & Carquinez	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Status of marsh birds in the wetlands of the Colorado River delta, México.

Author(s)

Hinojosa-Huerta, O., Guzmán-Olachea, R., Butrón-Méndez, J., Butrón-Rodríguez, J.J. and Calvo-Fonseca, A.

Volume

59
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	405	Individuals/5800 ha	B	See citation	Cienega de Santa Clara, Colorado River Delta	Exposure Factor Datasets	MEXICO

Citation:

The birds of the Ciénega de Santa Clara, a wetland of international importance within the Colorado River Delta.

Author(s)

Hinojosa-Huerta, O., Soto-Montoya, E., Gómez-Sapiens, M., Calvo-Fonseca, A., Guzmán-Olachea, R., Butrón-Méndez, J., Butrón-Rodríguez, J.J. and Román-Rodríguez, M.

Volume

59
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	Review	Individuals/5800 ha	B	See citation	Cienega de Santa Clara, Colorado River Delta	Exposure Factor Datasets	MEXICO

Citation:

Status and habitat use of the California black rail in the southwestern USA.

Author(s)

Conway, C.J. and Sulzman, C.

Issue

4

Volume

27
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	136	Individuals detected in AZ/CA	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	AZ, CA	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Black Rail (Laterallus jamaicensis)

Author(s)

Eddleman, W. R., R. E. Flores and M. Legare.
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Location	Type
Population Density	Review	Individuals/ha		Exposure Factor Datasets

Citation:

Distribution, relative abundance and status of the California black rail in western North America.

Author(s)

Evens, J.G., Page, G.W., Laymon, S.A. and Stallcup, R.W.

Issue

4

Volume

93
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	See citation	Individuals/12,142 ha wetlands w/tidal influence	B	608		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	See citation	Individuals	B	116		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Ashy Storm Petrel (Oceanodroma homochroa)

Citation:

Top-down and bottom-up factors affecting seabird population trends in the California current system (1985–2006).

Author(s)

Ainley, D.G. and Hyrenbach, K.D.

Issue

3

Volume

84
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Life Cycle Stage	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries	Error
Population Density	0.09	Individuals/sq km	Individuals/sq km	B	Both Adults and Juveniles	977	Bodega Bay-Cypress Point	Exposure Factor Datasets	USA	1.6041

Citation:

Status and monitoring of Ashy Storm-Petrels Oceanodroma homochroa at Point Reyes National Seashore, California, 2012–2015.

Author(s)

Becker, B.H., Carter, H.R., Henderson, R.P., Weinstein, A.M. and Parker, M.W.

Volume

44
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	California Counties	Condition	Countries
Population Density	See citation Table 2	Number of active nests/number of potential sites checked	Number of active nests/number of potential sites checked	B	See citation	Point Reyes National Seashore	Exposure Factor Datasets	Marin	Breeding	USA

Citation:

At-Sea distribution and abundance of seabirds off southern California: a 20-Year comparison

Author(s)

Mason, J.W., McChesney, G.J., McIver, W.R., Carter, H.R., Takekawa, J.Y., Golightly, R.T., Ackerman, J.T., Orthmeyer, D.L., Perry, W.M., Yee, J.L. and Pierson, M.O.

Volume

33
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Units	Sex	Sample Size	Location	Type	Countries
Population Density	10000	Approx. individuals off CA coast	Individuals	B	10,000		Exposure Factor Datasets	USA
Population Density	See citation Figure 20		Birds/sq km	B			Exposure Factor Datasets	USA

Citation:

Status and trends of the Ashy Storm-petrel on Southeast Farallon Island, California, based upon capture-recapture analyses.

Author(s)

Sydeman, W.J., Nur, N., McLaren, E.B. and McChesney, G.J.

Issue

3

Volume

100
Exposure Endpoint Type	Endpoint Value	Endpoint Description	Sex	Location	Type	California Counties	Countries
Population Density	Total individuals: 6,461; breeders: 3,402	Estimated population size on island	B	South Farallon Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	San Francisco	USA
Population Density	Total individuals:4,284; breeders: 1,990	Estimated population size on island	B	South Farallon Island	Exposure Factor Datasets	San Francisco	USA

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