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Canis latrans

Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in central Alberta, 1964-1968

Author(s)
Nellis, Carl H. and Lloyd B. Keith
Pages
389-399
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal Oct. dispersal Both Male and Female Juvenile Rochester, Alberta Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 5.3 1 - 8 pups/litter Female Adult Rochester, Alberta 26 Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity oldest female and male 11.5 - 13.5 yrs Both Male and Female Adult Rochester, Alberta Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 71 mortality rate % Both Male and Female Juvenile Rochester, Alberta Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality mortality rate 36 - 42 % Not Reported Adult Rochester, Alberta Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition large mammals (44%); mice (22%); snowshoe hare (3%); birds (11%); vegetation (7%); misc. (3%) % volume, determined from stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported Rochester, Alberta 344 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 14.6 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 4.2 SE km Both Male and Female Pup Rochester, Alberta 28 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 29.3 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 8.9 SE km Both Male and Female Juvenile Rochester, Alberta 22 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 6.0 mean distance moved by coyotes marked in 1964-1968 and relocated by 1976 1.6 SE km Both Male and Female Adult Rochester, Alberta 18 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some observations on the behavioral and morphological development of coyote pups

Author(s)
Snow, Carol J.
Pages
353-355
Year
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 4 - 5 wks Both Male and Female Juvenile 4 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food and population characteristics of Iowa coyotes

Author(s)
Mathwig, Herbert J.
Pages
167-189
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition rabbits (70.6%); livestock (14.0%); mice (10.5%); birds (4.2%) % volume of principal foods in stomachs, body weight range 14.5 - 37.0 lbs % Both Male and Female Not Reported 151 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition plant foods (29.2%); rabbits (27.6%); mice and rats (24.6%); livestock (7.4%) % volume of principal foods in scats % Both Male and Female Not Reported 147 Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity 6 maximum age in field yrs Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 1 greatest density #/1.4 mi2 Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some observations on coyote food habits in Pennsylvania

Author(s)
Witmer, G.W., M.J. Pipas and A. Hayden
Pages
77-80
Year
Volume
69
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition white-tailed deer (56.1%); mouse/vole (14.8%): cottontail rabbit (9.4%); woodchuck (10.6%); squirrel (5.2%); raccoon (5.2%); porcupine (2.9%); unidentified mammal hair (18.4%); feathers (10.3%); insects (18.1%); grass/sedge (35.5%); leaf fragments (15.2%); twigs/bark (6.4%); seeds/fruit (15.8%); other plants (2.9%); manmade materials (2.3%) % frequence of occurrence of major (>2%) food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported northcentral, southcentral and northeast regions 310 scats Exposure Factor Datasets

Ensatina eschscholtzii

Citation:

Contribution to the natural history of the Plethodont salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii

Author(s)
Gnaedinger, Leslie McKay and Charles A. Reed
Pages
187-196
Year
Volume
1948
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 0.26 0.05 - 0.49 g Not Reported Juvenile Portland, Multnomah County 23 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1.60 0.70 - 3.28 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Portland, Multnomah County 37 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.30 2.58 - 5.08 g Female Adult Portland, Multnomah County 11 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 2.80 1.45 - 5.80 g Male Adult Portland, Multnomah County 19 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Crustacea (1); Arachnida (19); Diplopoda (5); Chilopoda (3); Hexapoda (32) number of each item in stomach contents Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Portland, Multnomah County 21 Exposure Factor Datasets

Melospiza melodia

Citation:

Stability, regulation, and the determination of abundance in an insular song sparrow population

Author(s)
Arcese, Peter, James N. M. Smith, Wesley M. Hochachka, Christopher M. Rogers, and Donald Ludwig
Pages
805-822
Year
Issue
3
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 7.8 median density; 10 fold fluctuation over 15 yr period females/ha Female Not Reported Mandarte island 19 years Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying Mar-July Both Male and Female Not Reported Mandarte island 15 years Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 13 for clutches with 1-5 eggs d Both Male and Female Not Reported Mandarte island 15 years Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 9-11 d Both Male and Female Fledgling Mandarte island 15 years Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival and mobility in a population of pacific coast song sparrows (Melospiza melodia gouldii)

Author(s)
Halliburton, Richard and Richard L. Mewaldt
Pages
499-504
Year
Issue
4
Volume
78
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Survival/ Mortality 45 annual survival rates of adult song sparrows at Point Reyes % Both Male and Female Adult Point Reyes National Seashore 539 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 20 known minimum survival rates of juveniles; 1966-69 % Both Male and Female Juvenile Point Reyes National Seashore nr Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 125 median m Male Adult Point Reyes National Seashore nr Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 162 median m Female Adult Point Reyes National Seashore nr Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Determinants and consequences of nestling condition in song sparrows

Author(s)
Hochachka, Wesley, and James N. M. Smith
Pages
995-1008
Year
Issue
3
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 30 d Not Reported Fledgling Mandarte island Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year 2-3 broods/year Not Reported Adult Mandarte island Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of population density and supplemental food on reproduction in song sparrows

Author(s)
Arcese, Peter and James N. M. Smith
Pages
119-136
Year
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 17 d Both Male and Female Fledgling Mandarte island 16 pairs with suppl. food Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.31 suppl. food 0.11 SE eggs/clutch Both Male and Female Adult Mandarte island 16 pairs with suppl. food Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.77 no suppl. food 0.15 SE eggs/clutch Both Male and Female Adult Mandarte island 56 pairs without suppl. food Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 3.08 egg mass; no difference between fed and non-fed fenales 2.2-3.75 g Female Adult Mandarte island 15 fed and 34 non-fed females Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 83 suppl. food; fledgling surviving to independence % Both Male and Female Fledgling Mandarte island 13 pairs with suppl. food Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality 73 survival; no suppl. food; survival fledgling to independence % Both Male and Female Fledgling Mandarte island 29 pairs without suppl. food Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.2 mean mass of nestlings 1 d old; no addtn. food 0.17 SE g Not Reported Nestling Mandarte island 14 nestlings Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 15.55 mean mass of nestlings 6 d old; no suppl. food 0.31 SE g Not Reported Nestling Mandarte island 60 nestlings Exposure Factor Datasets

Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii, Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. neomexicanus

Citation:

Attempts to breed cottontail rabbits in captivity

Author(s)
Dice, L. R.
Pages
225-229
Year
Volume
10
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 28 d Both Male and Female Adult captured in Rago, Kansas 3 litters Exposure Factor Datasets

Sylvilagus audubonii

Citation:

Abundance and dispersion of leporids within a shortgrass ecosystem

Author(s)
Flinders, Jerran T. and Richard M. Hansen
Pages
287-291
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 6.6 5.4 - 7.8 (95% CL) #/mi2 Not Reported Not Reported Pawnee National Grasslands 31 Exposure Factor Datasets
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