Species
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Citation:
Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
5.93 |
mean body weight of day 0 chicks |
0.09 2SE |
|
g |
Not Reported |
Hatchling |
Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach |
77 birds |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
39.62 |
asymptotic body weight of juveniles at 15 days of age |
0.73 2SE |
|
g |
Not Reported |
Fledgling |
Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach |
8 birds |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Time of Migration or Dispersal |
first two wks Apr |
timing of dispersal from breeding areas |
|
|
|
Both Male and Female |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach |
1 colony |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning |
20 |
approximate age of fledging (first flight) |
|
|
d |
Not Reported |
Fledgling |
Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach |
2 birds |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
|
proportion of hatched birds that survived during post-fledging period, 2 years |
|
11-33 |
% |
Not Reported |
Hatchling |
Sunset Aquatic Park, Huntington Beach |
42-140 hatched birds/year |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Massey, Barbara W. and Jonathon L. Atwood
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Time of Mating/ Laying |
May-early Jul (first wave), late May-Aug (second wave) |
nesting periods of early (first wave) and late (second wave) birds |
|
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge |
8-10 pairs (first wave), 29 pairs (second wave) |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate |
0.50 (first wave), 0.58 (second wave) |
mean number of fledglings produced per nesting pair |
fledglings/pair |
Not Reported |
Fledgling |
NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge |
10 nests (first wave), 33 nests (second wave) |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Hatching Success |
100% (first wave), 82% (second wave) |
proportions of eggs hatched of eggs laid |
|
Not Reported |
Hatchling |
NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge |
54 eggs (second wave) |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutch or Litter Size |
2.33 (first wave), 1.70 (second wave) |
average clutch sizes for early and late nesters |
eggs/clutch |
Female |
Adult |
NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge |
10 nests (first wave), 33 nests (second wave) |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Sexual Maturity |
2 |
age of birds nesting for the first time |
yr |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
NASA Island, Seal Beach National Wildlife Refuge |
10 pairs |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Fancher, Jack M.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Fledging or Weaning Rate |
0.69 |
statewide average annual fledging rate, 13 years |
0.45-0.94 |
fledglings/pair |
Not Reported |
Fledgling |
832-1708 nesting pairs/year |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Davis, Milton E.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Territory Size |
40 |
radius of nesting territory |
|
cm |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Huntington Beach State Park |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutch or Litter Size |
|
|
2-3 |
eggs/clutch |
Female |
Adult |
Huntington Beach State Park |
12 clutches |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Burns, Frank L.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
range of clutch sizes |
4-14 |
eggs/clutch |
Female |
Adult |
191 clutches |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Mautz, William J. and Kenneth A. Nagy
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Time of Hatching or Parturition |
Aug. |
|
|
Not Reported |
Hatchling |
Thousand Palms |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Growth Rate |
|
0.0003 - .145 |
g/d |
Not Reported |
Hatchling |
Thousand Palms |
5 - 52/sampling time |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Grim, John Norman
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
55.0 |
|
50.2 - 59.5 |
g |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
6 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Water Ingestion Rate |
|
|
5 - 10 |
cc/24 hr |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
4 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
see citation |
figure of % dog food or earthworms ingested/body weight over 20 d |
|
|
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
4 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Food Ingestion Rate |
22 |
|
|
% body weight consumed/d |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
24 |
|
|
% body weight consumed/d |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
18 |
|
|
% body weight consumed/d |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
107.6 |
|
100.4 - 116.5 |
g |
Male |
Juvenile |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
86.2 |
|
|
g |
Female |
Juvenile |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
1 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
178.6 |
|
|
g |
Female |
Adult |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
1 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Growth Rate |
see citation |
figure of body weight (g) vs estimated age (d) |
|
g/d |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
captured at Delta, Manitoba, Canada |
7 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Sexual Maturity |
|
|
81 - 83 |
d |
Male |
Adult |
|
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Hall, E. Raymond
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
4 |
young/litter |
Female |
Adult |
captured at Tahoe City, California |
1 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Wright, Philip L.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Time of Hatching or Parturition |
April |
|
|
Both Male and Female |
Neonate |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Time of Mating/ Laying |
Apr. - Aug. |
|
|
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Duration of Incubation or Gestation |
279 |
205 - 337 |
d |
Female |
Adult |
18 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutch or Litter Size |
|
6 - 19 |
young/litter |
Female |
Adult |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Clutches or Litters per year |
1 |
|
litter/yr |
Female |
Adult |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Age at Sexual Maturity |
3 |
|
mo |
Female |
Adult |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Quick, Horace F.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
Microtus (52%); Peromyscus (19.5%); Eutamias (18.2%); Cynomys (2.6%); Thomomys (3.9%); Citellus (2.6%); Ochotona (1.3%); Vespula (6.5%); Tettigoniidae (2.6%) |
% occurrence in scats |
% |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
Gunnison County (elev., >7500 ft) |
77 scats |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density |
2 |
|
#/mi2 |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
Gunnison County (elev., >7500 ft) |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Morrison, Peter, Mario Rosenmann and James E. Estes
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Metabolic Rate |
0.72 |
average basal metabolism in air |
0.06 |
cc O2/g x hr |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
10 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
0.85 |
average basal metabolic rate in water |
|
cc O2/g x hr |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
13 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
0.99 |
average metabolic rate in air |
|
cc O2/g x hr |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
10 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
1.21 |
average metabolic rate in water |
|
cc O2/g x hr |
Not Reported |
Not Reported |
13 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Comment