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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Plutonium, Am, Cm and Sr in ducks maintained on radioactive leaching ponds in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Markham, O. Doyle, Douglas K. Halford, Susan K. Rope and George B. Kuzo
Pages
517-524
Year
Volume
55
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
RADIONUCLIDES see citation table of mean concentrations of 6 radionuclides (238Pu, 239Pu, 241Am, 242Cm, 244Cm, 90Sr) in 6 mallard tissue types Not Reported Adult leaching ponds, Test Reactor Area, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 7-15 see citation for table radionuclide concentrations in water, plankton, periphyton, sediment TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 43-145 d site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some effects of vitamin E deficiency on hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase activity, lead, and a-tocopherol concentrations in tissues of lead-dosed mallard ducks

Author(s)
Sleet, R.B. and J.H. Soares, Jr.
Pages
71-78
Year
Volume
47
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) 5.7 ppm (whole blood); 6.2 ppm (liver); 2.4 ppm (spleen) @ 300 mg/kg body weight lead concentrations in tissues, 96 hr after exposure to lead in ducklings receiving vitamin E Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose control, 300 mg/kg body weight; elemental lead packaged in gelatin capsules TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, D.J., G.H. Heinz, L.J. LeCaptain, J.D. Eisemann and G.W. Pendleton
Pages
120-127
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE increase @ 15, 30 ppm plasma and liver GSH-peroxidase activity (for all Se forms), compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose control, 15, 30 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, seleno-L-methionine or selenized yeast TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 2 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute effects of lead, steel, tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot administered to game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Kelly, M.E., S.D. Fitzgerald, R.J. Aulerich, R.J. Balander, D.C. Powell, R.L. Stickle, W. Stevens, C. Cray, R.J. Tempelman and S.J. Bursian
Pages
673-687
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS 10.3(0.7) ppm in femur, 14.1(0.6) ppm in liver, 6.8(0.2) in kidneys mean(SE) dry wt tungsten concentrations in tissues of tungsten-iron-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment control, steel (eight #4 pellets), lead (eight #4 pellets), tungsten-iron (eight BB size pellets), tungsten-polymer (eight BB size pellets); See paper for data on shot recovery and erosion in dosed ducks. TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single exposure; 30 d observation oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS 4.3(0.7) ppm in femur, non-detect. in liver, 2.4(0.2) in kidneys mean(SE) dry wt tungsten concentrations in tissues of tungsten-polymer-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment control, steel (eight #4 pellets), lead (eight #4 pellets), tungsten-iron (eight BB size pellets), tungsten-polymer (eight BB size pellets); See paper for data on shot recovery and erosion in dosed ducks. TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single exposure; 30 d observation oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of lead, iron, and bismuth allow shot embedded in the breast muscles of game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Stephen P. Havera, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey W. Brawn, Gale D. Taylor and James W. Seets
Pages
688-697
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean survival times compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-MORT - dose-response data 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean body weight and organ weights compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean hematocrit values compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) 130(10.1) ppm in kidneys, 0.19(0.06) ppm in liver mean(SE) wet wt concentration of bismuth in organs Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparison of the effects of seleno-L-methionine, seleno-D,L-methionine, and selenized yeast on reproduction in mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H. and David J. Hoffman
Pages
169-175
Year
Volume
91
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect incidence of illness versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect egg fertility, egg weight, eggshell thickness, and mean interval between laying of eggs versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - physiology through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-L-methionine or seleno-D,L-methionine hatchability versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-L-methionine duckling survival compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-D,L-methionine, seleno-L-methionine, or selenized yeast number of 6-day-old ducklings produced per female versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

PCB intake and the growth of waterfowl: multivariate analyses based on a reparameterized Richards sigmoid model

Author(s)
Brisbin, I. Lehr, Jr., Gary C. White and Parshall B. Bush
Pages
1-11
Year
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254 significant effect PCB treatment altered the shape of the body weight growth curve but not the asymptotic weight Both Male and Female Juvenile 15/dose 0, 0.5, 5.0, 50 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Aroclor 1242 and reproductive success of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Haseltine, Susan D. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1242 no effect @ 150 ppm mortality during experiment Both Male and Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 decrease @ 150 ppm body weight at 6, 8 and 12 wks of treatment Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 no effect @ 150 ppm embryo mortality, # infertile eggs/clutch or # eggs hatched/clutch Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 8.9% decrease @ 150 ppm eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 105.0 (7.7 SE) mg Aroclor 1260/kg egg @ 150 ppm PCB concentration in eggs (PCB resembled Aroclor 1260 profile most closely) Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 no effect @ 150 ppm weight and survival of offspring (exposed in ovo) fed control diet after hatching for 3 wks Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - development 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of aqueous and dietary exposure of dieldrin on survival, growth and bioconcentration in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Nebeker, Alan V., William L. Griffis, Thomas W. Stutzman, Gerald S. Schuytema, Lori A. Carey and Susan M. Scherer
Pages
687-699
Year
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN no effect body weight at end of experiment Not Reported Juvenile 12/dose 0, 0.014, 0.052, 0.118 mg/L TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect no mortality observed Not Reported Juvenile 12/dose 0, 0.014, 0.052, 0.118 mg/L TOX-MORT - dose-response data 34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 706 - 1,995 steady state bioconcentration factor for lipid, calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses Not Reported Juvenile 8-16/dose 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 8-34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 178 - 684 steady state bioconcentration factor for skin, calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses Not Reported Juvenile 8-16/dose 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 8-34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 49 - 163 steady state bioconcentration factor for liver, calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses Not Reported Juvenile 8-16/dose 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 8-34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 5.5 - 95 steady state bioconcentration factor for muscle, calculated on a wet weight basis; range for 7 doses Not Reported Juvenile 8-16/dose 0, 0.014, 0.019, 0.052, 0.075, 0.118, 0.177, 0.193 mg/L TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 8-34 d waterborne Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 165 ug/g diet (100 - 224 ug/g, 95% CI) 96 hr LC50 Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 24 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 29.5 ug/g diet (14 - 28 ug/g, 95% CI) 24-d LC50 Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 24 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 16.4 ug/g diet 24-d LOAEL based on growth impairment Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 24 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN 0.3 ug/g 24-d NOAEL based on growth impairment Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 24 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN see citation figures of tissue dieldrin concentrations at different exposure times and doses Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose 0, 0.3, 16, 48, 155, 272, 606 ug/g diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 24 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of dicofol on mallard eggshell quality

Author(s)
Bennett, Jewel K., Stephen E. Dominguez and William L. Griffis
Pages
907-912
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DICOFOL increase @ 100 ug/g incidence of cracked and soft shelled eggs Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL no effect egg production during study period Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL no effect body weight at end of study Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL no effect mean daily food consumption rate (169.8 g food/kg body weight) Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL 2-12% decrease @ 10-100 ug/g eggshell thickness, compared to controls Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL 5.4 (0.3 SE) ug/g wet wt. @ 3 ug/g diet; 18.1 (1.2 SE) @ 10 ug/g diet; 37.1 (1.6 SE) @ 30 ug/g diet; 150.7 (9.9SE) @ 100 ug/g diet, mean egg yolk concentrations of p,p'-dicofol after 37-42 d on dicofol diet Female Adult 4-8/dose 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL ST = 1.020 - 0.056C regression equation relating shell thickness (mm) to log10 yolk concentration (C, ug/g); r2=0.39 Female Adult 100 0, 3, 10, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) no effect egg production during study period Female Adult 5-10/dose 0, 3, 30, 100 ug/g diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 42 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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