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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Toxicity of seleno-L-methionine, seleno-DL-methionine, high selenium wheat, and selenized yeast to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H., David J. Hoffman and Leonard J. LeCaptain
Pages
93-99
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect survival rate compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 25 birds/group 0,30 ppm diet (as Se-L-met, Se-DL-met, yeast) TOX-MORT - dose-response data 2 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE 25-27 (@ 30 ppm as Se-L-met or Se-DL-met), 13 (@ 30 ppm as yeast) ppm, wet wt mean Se concentrations in liver Not Reported Juvenile 25 birds/group 0,30 ppm diet (as Se-L-met, Se-DL-met, yeast) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 2 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hepatic glutathione metabolism and lipid peroxidation in response to excess dietary selenomethionine and selenite in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Gary H. Heinz and Alexander J. Krynitsky
Pages
263-271
Year
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 10,20,40 ppm incidence of altered hepatic glutathione metabolism versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM increased @ 10,20,40 ppm incidence of altered hepatic glutathione metabolism versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 20, 40 ppm hepatic malondialdehyde concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM increased @ 40 ppm hepatic malondialdehyde concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 20, 40 ppm hepatic protein concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM increased @ 20, 40 ppm hepatic protein concentrations versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased to 4.8 (@ 10 ppm), 26.0 (@ 20 ppm), 68.0 (@ 40 ppm) ppm, wet wt Se concentrations in livers after 6 wks of treatment Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM increased to 0.4 (@ 0 ppm), 5.0 (@ 10 ppm), 3.2 (@ 20 ppm), 2.8 (@ 40 ppm) ppm, wet wt Se concentrations in livers after 6 wks of treatment versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 40 ppm (25%) mortality compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM increased @ 40 ppm (12.5%) mortality compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 40 birds/group 0,10,20,40 ppm diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 6 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of selenium in the diet of mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J. and Gary H. Heinz
Pages
477-490
Year
Volume
24
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 25 ppm (selenite), 10 ppm (selenomethionine) hatchability compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ppm diet (as selenite); 10 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 8, 16 ppm hatchability compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 10,25 ppm (as selenite), 10 ppm (as selenomethionine) number of embryos showing malformations or embryotoxicity compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ppm diet (as selenite); 10 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - development NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 8, 16 ppm incidence of malformed embyros compared to controls Not Reported Embryo 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - development NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 25 ppm plasma uric acid concentration in hatchlings versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ppm diet (as selenite); 10 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - development NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 5, 10, 25 ppm (as selenite), 10 ppm (as selenomethionine) plasma glutathione peroxidase activity in hatchlings compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 5-11 pairs/group 0.2, 1, 5, 10, 25 ppm diet (as selenite); 10 ppm diet (as selenomethionine) TOX-REPRO - development NR (at least 6 wks) diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Sublethal effects of cadmium ingestion on mallard ducks

Author(s)
Di Giulio, Richard T. and Patrick F. Scanlon
Pages
765-771
Year
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CADMIUM CHLORIDE decreased @ 450 ppm body and liver weights compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group 0,50,150,450 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 42 (+/-1) d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 150, 450 ppm kidney and adrenal weights compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group 0,50,150,450 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 42 (+/-1) d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 450 ppm plasma uric acid, adrenal corticosterone levels Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group 0,50,150,450 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 42 (+/-1) d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect food consumption compared to controls Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group 0,50,150,450 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects 42 (+/-1) d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE decreased @ 450 ppm liver aldolase activity, plasma triiodothyronine levels Not Reported Adult 12 birds/group 0,50,150,450 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 42 (+/-1) d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of dietary cadmium on mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Cain, Brian W., Lou Sileo, J. Christian Franson and John Moore
Pages
286-297
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CADMIUM CHLORIDE decreased @ 20 ppm packed cell volume and hemoglobin concentration by 8 wks of treatment compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile day old 12 birds per timexdose treatment 0,5,10,20 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4,8,12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 20 ppm incidence of kidney lesions by 12 wks of treatment compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile day old 12 birds per timexdose treatment 0,5,10,20 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 4,8,12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE increased @ 20 ppm serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity by 8 wks of treatment compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile day old 12 birds per timexdose treatment 0,5,10,20 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4,8,12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE 0.10 (@ 0 ppm), 10.13 (@ 5 ppm), 16.25 (@ 10 ppm), 42.21 (@ 20 ppm) ppm, wet wt mean Cd concentrations in liver by 12 wks of treatment Not Reported Juvenile day old 12 birds per timexdose treatment 0,5,10,20 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 4,8,12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
CADMIUM CHLORIDE no effect body weight, liver weight, and femur density compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile day old 12 birds per timexdose treatment 0,5,10,20 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 4,8,12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Subchronic hepatotoxicity of selenomethionine ingestion in mallard ducks

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Gary H. Heinz, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Christine M. Bunck and David E. Greene
Pages
449-464
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 32 ppm incidence of liver histopathological lesions, liver:body wt ratios versus controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 32 ppm plasma alkaline phosphatase activity and total protein levels versus controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 32 ppm body weight, liver DNA:RNA ratio, hematocrit compared to controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 16, 32 ppm hemoglobin concentration compared to controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 2 ppm or greater plasma glutathione peroxidase activity versus controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 16, 32 ppm liver reduced gluthathione, oxidized glutathione, malondialdehyde concentrations versus controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 2 ppm or greater Se concentrations in liver versus controls Male Adult 10 birds/group 0.2,1,2,4,8,16,32 ppm diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 14 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Interactive effects of boron, selenium, and dietary protein on survival, growth, and physiology in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Caroline J. Sanderson, Leonard J. LeCaptain, Eugene Cromartie and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
288-294
Year
Volume
20
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 60 ppm Se (47% mort.) survival versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments were conducted with 22% protein in the diet) TOX-MORT - dose-response data 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 60 ppm Se body, liver, and spleen weight; tarsus length versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments were conducted with 22% protein in the diet) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 60 ppm Se (100% mort.) survival versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments were conducted with 7% protein in the diet) TOX-MORT - dose-response data 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased @ 15 ppm Se body, liver, and spleen weight; tarsus length versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments were conducted with 7% protein in the diet) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
BORIC ACID, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 15, 60 ppm Se (with and w/out B), 1000 ppm B incidence of plasma chemistry changes versus controls Not Reported Juvenile 15 birds/group 0, 15 ppm Se, 60 ppm Se, 1000 ppm B, 15 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B, 60 ppm Se + 1000 ppm B (all treatments were conducted with 22% protein in the diet) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 4 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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