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Sterna antillarum

Citation:

Organochlorine pollutants and population status of least terns in South Carolina

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
62-71
Year
Issue
1
Volume
91
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDE (4,4'-), POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS 7% decrease eggshell thickness compared with pre-1947 reference eggs Female Adult Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge 20 eggs 0.48 ug/g, wet wt, DDE; 1.08 ug/g, wet wt, PCBs in eggs TOX-REPRO - physiology NR site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets

Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Effect of lindane on eggshell characteristics and calcium level in the domestic duck

Author(s)
Chakravarty, Sampa and Pulak Lahiri
Pages
245-258
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LINDANE 18-21% decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 5/dose control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk TOX-REPRO - physiology 8 wks gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
LINDANE decrease @ 20 mg/kg 7x or 3x/wk calcium concentration in plasma and shell gland mucosa and density and size of eggshell pores Female Adult 5/dose control, 20 mg/kg given 7x, 3x or 2x/wk TOX-REPRO - physiology 8 wks gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Experiments on toxicity of DDT to wildlife

Author(s)
Coburn, Don R. and Ray Treichler
Pages
208-216
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) increase @ 0.05 - 0.4% in diet Not Reported Not Reported 4/dose 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4% TOX-MORT - dose-response data 30 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dieldrin and DDT effects on reproduction and some hepatic mixed-function oxidases in the mallard duck

Author(s)
Davison, K.L. and J.L. Sell
Pages
302-314
Year
Volume
2
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect fertility, hatchability and duckling weight Female Adult 18/dose 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect hepatic microsomal enzyme activity (aniline hydroxylase and aminopyrine N-demethylase) Female Adult 18/dose 0, 1, 5, 10 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.3 - 4.2, DDE 1.0 - 12.7 @ 2 ppm; DDT 1.3 - 25.0, DDE 5.0 - 110.1 @ 20 ppm; DDT 25.5 - 254, DDE 58.0 - 1234 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (4,4'-) DDT <0.1, DDE 0.2 - 1.2 ug/g dry wt @ 0 ppm; DDT 0.6 - 2.4, DDE 1.2 - 10.1 @ 2 ppm; DDT 2.2 - 29.2, DDE 15.7 - 153.5 @ 20 ppm; DDT 14.9 - 102.0, DDE 45.0 - 187.0 @ 200 ppm DDT and DDE concentrations in egg dry matter ranging from 0-14 d to 330 - 343 d sampling periods at 4 dietary doses Female Adult 18/dose 0, 2, 20, 200 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 343 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of trimethyltin and triethyltin to mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Fleming, W. James, Elwood F. Hill and Jeffrey J. Momot
Pages
255-260
Year
Volume
10
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TRIETHYLTIN CHLORIDE decrease @ 50 ppm body weight, compared to control Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose control, 0.5, 5.0, 50 ppm (Sn) as triethyltin chloride TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 73 - 75 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Fecundity and progeny growth following subacute insecticide ingestion by the mallard

Author(s)
Muller, H.D. and D.C. Lockman
Pages
239-241
Year
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN no effect egg production, eggshell thickness and fertility, compared to control Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN decrease average % hatchability, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect progeny growth (average body weights) at hatch to 6 wks of age Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 trios (2F, 1M adults)/dose control, 4 ppm TOX-REPRO - development 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect egg production and fertility, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect % hatchability, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION decrease eggshell thickness, compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 5 trios (2F, 1M)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - physiology 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
PARATHION no effect progeny growth (average body weights) at hatch to 6 wks of age Both Male and Female Juvenile 5 trios (2F, 1M adults)/dose control, 10 ppm TOX-REPRO - development 90 d diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Plutonium, Am, Cm and Sr in ducks maintained on radioactive leaching ponds in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Markham, O. Doyle, Douglas K. Halford, Susan K. Rope and George B. Kuzo
Pages
517-524
Year
Volume
55
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
RADIONUCLIDES see citation table of mean concentrations of 6 radionuclides (238Pu, 239Pu, 241Am, 242Cm, 244Cm, 90Sr) in 6 mallard tissue types Not Reported Adult leaching ponds, Test Reactor Area, Idaho National Engineering Laboratory 7-15 see citation for table radionuclide concentrations in water, plankton, periphyton, sediment TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 43-145 d site contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Some effects of vitamin E deficiency on hepatic xanthine dehydrogenase activity, lead, and a-tocopherol concentrations in tissues of lead-dosed mallard ducks

Author(s)
Sleet, R.B. and J.H. Soares, Jr.
Pages
71-78
Year
Volume
47
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) 5.7 ppm (whole blood); 6.2 ppm (liver); 2.4 ppm (spleen) @ 300 mg/kg body weight lead concentrations in tissues, 96 hr after exposure to lead in ducklings receiving vitamin E Not Reported Juvenile 5/dose control, 300 mg/kg body weight; elemental lead packaged in gelatin capsules TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity and oxidative stress of different forms of organic selenium and dietary protein in mallard ducklings

Author(s)
Hoffman, D.J., G.H. Heinz, L.J. LeCaptain, J.D. Eisemann and G.W. Pendleton
Pages
120-127
Year
Volume
31
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE increase @ 15, 30 ppm plasma and liver GSH-peroxidase activity (for all Se forms), compared to controls Not Reported Juvenile 10/dose control, 15, 30 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, seleno-L-methionine or selenized yeast TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 2 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute effects of lead, steel, tungsten-iron and tungsten-polymer shot administered to game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Kelly, M.E., S.D. Fitzgerald, R.J. Aulerich, R.J. Balander, D.C. Powell, R.L. Stickle, W. Stevens, C. Cray, R.J. Tempelman and S.J. Bursian
Pages
673-687
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS 10.3(0.7) ppm in femur, 14.1(0.6) ppm in liver, 6.8(0.2) in kidneys mean(SE) dry wt tungsten concentrations in tissues of tungsten-iron-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment control, steel (eight #4 pellets), lead (eight #4 pellets), tungsten-iron (eight BB size pellets), tungsten-polymer (eight BB size pellets); See paper for data on shot recovery and erosion in dosed ducks. TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single exposure; 30 d observation oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental), STEEL COMPOUNDS, TUNGSTEN COMPOUNDS 4.3(0.7) ppm in femur, non-detect. in liver, 2.4(0.2) in kidneys mean(SE) dry wt tungsten concentrations in tissues of tungsten-polymer-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 16/treatment control, steel (eight #4 pellets), lead (eight #4 pellets), tungsten-iron (eight BB size pellets), tungsten-polymer (eight BB size pellets); See paper for data on shot recovery and erosion in dosed ducks. TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single exposure; 30 d observation oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of lead, iron, and bismuth allow shot embedded in the breast muscles of game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Stephen P. Havera, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey W. Brawn, Gale D. Taylor and James W. Seets
Pages
688-697
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean survival times compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-MORT - dose-response data 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean body weight and organ weights compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no differences mean hematocrit values compared among lead, iron and bismuth dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) 130(10.1) ppm in kidneys, 0.19(0.06) ppm in liver mean(SE) wet wt concentration of bismuth in organs Both Male and Female Adult 5 males, 5 females per group five #4 pellets of lead, iron, or bismuth/tin embedded in breast muscle TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 185 and 365 d embedded in muscle Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparison of the effects of seleno-L-methionine, seleno-D,L-methionine, and selenized yeast on reproduction in mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, Gary H. and David J. Hoffman
Pages
169-175
Year
Volume
91
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect incidence of illness versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE no effect egg fertility, egg weight, eggshell thickness, and mean interval between laying of eggs versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - physiology through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-L-methionine or seleno-D,L-methionine hatchability versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-L-methionine duckling survival compared to controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENIUM COMPOUNDS, SELENOMETHIONINE reduced with seleno-D,L-methionine, seleno-L-methionine, or selenized yeast number of 6-day-old ducklings produced per female versus controls Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 15 pairs/treatment group, 10 pairs/control group 0, 10.3 ppm Se as seleno-L-methionine, 9.3 ppm Se as seleno-D,L-methionine, and 10.9 ppm Se as selenized yeast TOX-REPRO - reproductive success through reproduction until 6 days of age in ducklings diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

PCB intake and the growth of waterfowl: multivariate analyses based on a reparameterized Richards sigmoid model

Author(s)
Brisbin, I. Lehr, Jr., Gary C. White and Parshall B. Bush
Pages
1-11
Year
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254 significant effect PCB treatment altered the shape of the body weight growth curve but not the asymptotic weight Both Male and Female Juvenile 15/dose 0, 0.5, 5.0, 50 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Aroclor 1242 and reproductive success of adult mallards (Anas platyrhynchos)

Author(s)
Haseltine, Susan D. and Richard M. Prouty
Pages
29-34
Year
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1242 no effect @ 150 ppm mortality during experiment Both Male and Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-MORT - dose-response data 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 decrease @ 150 ppm body weight at 6, 8 and 12 wks of treatment Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 no effect @ 150 ppm embryo mortality, # infertile eggs/clutch or # eggs hatched/clutch Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 8.9% decrease @ 150 ppm eggshell thickness, compared to control Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1242 105.0 (7.7 SE) mg Aroclor 1260/kg egg @ 150 ppm PCB concentration in eggs (PCB resembled Aroclor 1260 profile most closely) Female Adult 12 pairs/dose 0, 150 mg/kg diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 12 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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