Mammals

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California Ground Squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Citation:

Seasonal variation in body weight, fat, and behaviour of California ground squirrels (Spermophilus beecheyi)

Author(s)
Holekamp, Kay E. and Scott Nunes
Pages
1425-1433
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean 707 g Male Adult 306 University of California, Santa Cruz Campus ( elev., 120 m) [lat., 37^0W; long., 122^oW] Exposure Factor Datasets Santa Cruz reproductively active
Citation:

Natural history of the ground squirrels of California

Author(s)
Grinnel, J. and J.S. Dixon
Pages
597-708
Year
Volume
7
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year 1 litter/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size based on embryo counts young/litter Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hibernation and sociality in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Dobson, F. Stephen and David E. Davis
Pages
416-421
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Torpor or Hibernation see citation figure of seasonal activity patterns, including hibernation Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Santa Barbara; Bell Ranch; Hastings Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey
Citation:

Latitude and litter size of the California ground squirrel, Spermophilus beecheyi

Author(s)
Chapman, Joseph A. and Gordon S. Lind
Pages
101-105
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of means for 2 sites young/litter Female Adult 9-13/site Douglas and Benton counties {lat., 43-44.5^oN] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The annual cycle of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Tomich, P. Quentin
Pages
213-282
Year
Volume
65
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 64.2 g Both Male and Female 22 Exposure Factor Datasets 4 wks Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 163.4 g Both Male and Female 13 Exposure Factor Datasets 7 wks Laboratory
Citation:

Energy requirements and diet of the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Schitoskey, Frank, Jr. and Sarah R. Woodmansee
Pages
373-382
Year
Issue
2
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.75 resting oxygen consumption at 25-28C ml O2/g/ h Both Male and Female Adult 26 captured at San Joaquin Experimental Range Exposure Factor Datasets 0.21 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Home range, population structure, and spatial organization of California ground squirrels

Author(s)
Boellstorff, Diane E. and Donald H. Owings
Pages
551-561
Year
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of means for 2 yrs m2 Female Adult 0-12/yr Camp Ohlone [lat., 37^o29'N; long., 121^o45'W] Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda
Citation:

A population study of the Beechey ground squirrel in central California

Author(s)
Evans, F. C. and R. Holdenried
Pages
231-260
Year
Issue
2
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of monthly changes in body weight g Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 2 - 106/sample Calaveras Reservior Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Santa Clara
Citation:

An experimental study of dispersal in the California ground squirrel

Author(s)
Dobson, F. Stephen
Pages
1103-1109
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal June - Aug. dispersal of young Both Male and Female Juvenile Not Reported Hastings Natural History Reservation Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

Merriam's Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Citation:

Reproduction and food habits of Merriam's kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Bradley, W. Glenn and Roger A. Mauer
Pages
497-507
Year
Issue
3
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity <2 age when reproductive activity observed mo Both Male and Female Adult 10 Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition grass seeds (74.2%), annual forb seeds (37.4%), perennial seeds (7.4%), vegetative plant parts (7.4%), insect parts (0.3%), debris (2.7%), unidentified seeds (3%) % occurrence in cheek pouch contents % Not Reported Not Reported 411 Las Vegas Valley, Clark County (elev., 2500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Consumption of herbaceaous vegetation and water during reproduction and development of Merriam's Kangaroo rat, Dipodomys merriami

Author(s)
Soholt, Lars F.
Pages
445-457
Year
Issue
2
Volume
98
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 2.8 young/litter Female Adult Not Reported captured in Clark County, NV Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The ecology of Merriam's kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami Mearns) on the grazing of lands of southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
112-127
Year
Issue
2
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 12 body weight maintanance requirement based on a rolled barley diet % body weight/d Both Male and Female Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Dietary Composition grass seeds (49%); forb seeds (33%); shrub seeds (12%); other vegetative parts (5%) % frequency of occurrence in pouch contents % Not Reported Not Reported 1001 pouches Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000-4000 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal water and energy metabolism of the desert dwelling kangaroo rat (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Nagy, Kenneth A. and M.J. Gruchacz
Pages
1461-1478
Year
Issue
6
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Water Ingestion Rate log10(WI) = 0.652log10(BW) - 0.549 equation relating whole-animal water influx (WI) to body weight (BW, g); r^2 = 0.206 ml water/d Not Reported Not Reported 4-9 per mo/15 mo Kelso Sand Dunes (elev., 830-840 m) [lat., 34^o53'30"N, long., 115^o40'20"W] Exposure Factor Datasets San Bernardino
Citation:

Range use patterns and spatial relationships of Merriams's kangaroo rats (Dipodomys merriami)

Author(s)
Behrends, Philip, Martin Daly and Margo I. Wilson
Pages
187-209
Year
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range of mean home range in 3 study periods estimated by radiotelemetry ha Male Adult 8-11 Boyde Deep Canyon Reserve (elev., 300m) Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Hatching or Parturition Feb. - June Female Adult Not Reported Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo
Citation:

Life history notes on Merriam's kangaroo rat in southern Arizona

Author(s)
Reynolds, Hudson G.
Pages
48-58
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 0.243 average range; estimated as enclosed space occupied by used traps plus one-half distance to closest unused trap acres Both Male and Female Juvenile 14 Santa Rita Experimental Range, Tucson (elev., 3000 - 4500 ft) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative population ecology of eleven species of rodents in the Chihuahuan Desert

Author(s)
Brown, J. H. and Z. Zeng
Pages
46-63
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Longevity 43 maximum longevity in the field mo Both Male and Female Adult 968 Portal, Cochise County (elev. 1330 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dispersal distance and the range of nightly movements in Merriam's kangaroo rats

Author(s)
Jones, Thomas W.
Pages
27-34
Year
Issue
1
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 2 mo Not Reported Adult Not Reported Portal Exposure Factor Datasets

San Joaquin Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys nitratoides)

Citation:

The reproduction of heteromyid rodents in captivity

Author(s)
Eisenberg, John F. and Donald E. Isaac
Pages
61-67
Year
Volume
44
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 2.3 pups/litter Female Adult 12 litters Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Stephens' Kangaroo Rat (Dipodomys stephensi)

Citation:

Temporal and spatial demographic patterns in Dipodomys stephensi from Riverside County, California

Author(s)
McClenaghan, Leroy R. Jr. and Ernest Taylor
Pages
636-645
Year
Volume
74
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality range of minimum rate of survival of individuals in the trappable population per mo, measured over 19 mo at 3 sites Both Male and Female Adult 110-234 Lake Mathews [lat., 33^o50'N; long., 117^o27'30"W]; Motte Rimrock Reserve [lat., 33^o47'30"N; long., 117^o15'W] and San Jacinto Wildlife Area [lat., 33^o52'N; long., 117^o7'15"W] Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside
Citation:

An age-structured demographic model for endangered Stephens' kangaroo rat

Author(s)
Price, Mary V. and Patrick A. Kelly
Pages
810-821
Year
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Growth Rate 19.00 (20-29g); 8.82 (30-39g); 8.80 (40-49g); 0.94 (60-69g) mass specific growth rates pooled by sex and site expressed as change in body mass per mo for 4 weight classes (20-69g) g/mo Both Male and Female Not Reported 1-125/site and sex Motte Rimrock Reserve and San Jacinto Wildlife Area Exposure Factor Datasets Riverside

Little Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris)

Citation:

Seasonal reproductive patterns in five coexisting California desert rodent species

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J. and George A. Bartholomew
Pages
371-397
Year
Issue
4
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.75 pups/litter Female Adult 16 Owens Valley, Big Pine (lat., 37^o11'N) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.77 SD
Citation:

Daily and seasonal patterns of activity and energetics in a heteromyid rodent commuinity

Author(s)
Kenagy, G. J.
Pages
1201-1219
Year
Issue
6
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Foraging Distance < 50 maximum distance moved by individuals in one trap night m Not Reported Not Reported 219 Owens Valley (1,220 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Citation:

Density cycles in an island population of deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Drost, Charles A. and Gary M. Fellers
Pages
351-364
Year
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Population Density 372 maximum density #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported grassland habitat, Santa Barbara Island, [lat.,33^o29' N, long., 119^o02' W] Exposure Factor Datasets 30 SD
Population Density 17 minimum density #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Coreopsis habitat, Santa Barbara Island [lat.,33^o29' N, long., 119^o02' W] Exposure Factor Datasets 8 SD
Citation:

Individual consistency of maximal oxygen consumption in deer mice

Author(s)
Hayes, J.P. and M.A. Chappell
Pages
495-503
Year
Volume
4
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of oxygen consumption rates at different temperature, altitude and exercise regimes ml O2/min Both Male and Female Adult 25-213 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Breeding by Peromyscus in seasonal environments

Author(s)
Millar, John S., F.B. Wille and Stuart L. Iverson
Pages
719-727
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean range of body weights for ages 3-30 days g Both Male and Female Juvenile 5-37/time Exposure Factor Datasets 3-30 d Laboratory
Citation:

Life History Parameters in Mice Exposed to a Prolonged Drought

Author(s)
Morton, Martin L., Michael L. Morrison, Linnea S. Hall and Maria E. Pereyra
Pages
18-28
Year
Issue
1
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Body Fat (total or %) 0.6 total body fat g Female Adult 21 Pinyon-juniper zone near Westgard Pass (elev., 2500 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Inyo 0.3 SD
Citation:

Reproduction of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus and P. boylei) in the Sierra Nevada, California

Author(s)
Jameson, Jr., E.W.
Pages
44-58
Year
Issue
1
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Age at Sexual Maturity based on presence of recent corpora lutea; ages inferred from body weights d Female Adult 1546 western slope of Sierra Nevada (elev., 3500-5000 ft.) Exposure Factor Datasets Plumas
Citation:

Home range dynamics of rodents in a sagebrush community

Author(s)
O'Farrell, Michael J.
Pages
657-668
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range 1.42 annual composite home range estimated by principal component method (95% probability) ha Not Reported Not Reported 509 recapture loci Warm Springs Valley, Washoe County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Maximum oxygen consumption during exercise and cold exposure in deer mice, Peromyscus maniculatus

Author(s)
Chappell, Mark A.
Pages
367-377
Year
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.1767 maximal oxygen consumption during exercise ml/g/min Not Reported Adult 179 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.0226 SD Laboratory
Citation:

Changes in total body fat during daily torpor in deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)

Author(s)
Nestler, James R., Garry P. Dieter and Brian G. Klokeid
Pages
147 - 154
Year
Volume
77
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Body Fat (total or %) see citation figure of total fat content (% body mass) before, during and after torpor Not Reported Not Reported 24/group captured in Walla Walla County, WA Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Field populations of deermice with supplemental food

Author(s)
Fordham, R. A.
Pages
138-146
Year
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean range of mean weights taken every 2 wks for 10 wks in sites with excess artificial food (whole oats) g Female Juvenile 4-29/time University of British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Habitat use and food selection of small mammals near a sagebrush/crested wheatgrass interface in southeastern Idaho

Author(s)
Koehler David K. and Stanley H. Anderson
Pages
249-255
Year
Issue
3
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Lepidoptera (71% in June); Graminae seeds (66% in July); crested wheat grass (76% in Aug.) % of fragments identified in stomach contents; dominant food items for 3 months % Not Reported Not Reported 72 Idaho National Engineering Lab. Exposure Factor Datasets

Salt-marsh Harvest Mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)

Citation:

A population study of the harvest mice (Reithrodontomys raviventris Dixon) in the Palo Alto Baylands Salt Marsh

Author(s)
Wondolleck, John T., William Zolan and Gary L. Stevens
Pages
52-64
Year
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 25 d Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

California Vole (Microtus californicus)

Citation:

Ventilatory accommodation of changing oxygen demand in sciurid rodents

Author(s)
Chappell, Mark A.
Pages
722-730
Year
Volume
162
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.0251 (10C); 0.0179 (20C); 0.0114 (30C) mean minium metabolic rate estimated as oxygen consumption at ambient temperatures (10-30C) ml O2/g/min Not Reported Not Reported 6/group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Microhabitat heterogeneity and population ecology of an herbivorous rodent, Microtus califonicus

Author(s)
Cockburn, A., and W. Z. Lidicker, Jr.
Pages
167-177
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Condition
Body Weight - Mean range of mean values for 4 grids over 3 yrs g Male Adult 1 - 20 Russell Reservation, Berkeley Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa breeding
Citation:

Intraspecific litter size variation in Microtus californicus II. variation between populations

Author(s)
Krohne, David T.
Pages
1174-1182
Year
Issue
6
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Clutch or Litter Size 4.17 pups/litter Female Adult 220 captured in Sonoma County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 0.2 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Territoriality and mating system of California voles

Author(s)
Ostfeld, Richard S.
Pages
691-706
Year
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Home Range range in home range (minimum area probability, 0.95) over 2 yrs m2 Female Adult 7/yr Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets Contra Costa
Citation:

Selenium accumulation in mammals exposed to contaminated California irrigation drainwater

Author(s)
Clark Jr., Donald R.
Pages
147-168
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size 4.2 pups/litter Female Adult 12 Volta Exposure Factor Datasets Merced
Citation:

Nutritional ecology of microtine rodents: digestibility of forage

Author(s)
Batzli, G. O., and F. Russell Cole
Pages
740-750
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 206 fed rabbit pellets for 21 d mg/g/d Not Reported 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 28 d or older 6 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction in a coastal California population of the field mouse, Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Greenwald, Gilbert S.
Pages
421-466
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Clutch or Litter Size 4.20 mean embryo number per female embryos/female Female Adult 154 San Francisco Bay, San Rafael Exposure Factor Datasets Marin 1.41 SD
Citation:

Demographic changes in fluctuating populations of Microtus californicus

Author(s)
Krebs, Charles J.
Pages
239-273
Year
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean range of monthly means at 3 locations g Male Both Adults and Juveniles 9-169/mo and site Tilden Regional Park and Richmond Field Station Exposure Factor Datasets

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii)

Citation:

Selenium accumulation in mammals exposed to contaminated California irrigation drainwater

Author(s)
Clark Jr., Donald R.
Pages
147-168
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Clutch or Litter Size young/litter Female Adult 2 Volta and Kesterson Exposure Factor Datasets Merced

Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani)

Citation:

Reproduction of the brush rabbit in California

Author(s)
Mossman, Archie S.
Pages
177-184
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 27 d Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Alameda, Contra Costa, Lake, Marin, Napa 3

San Joaquin Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. mutica)

Citation:

Sources and rates of San Joaquin kit fox mortality in western Kern County, California

Author(s)
Disney, Michele and Linda K. Spiegel
Pages
73-82
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Survival/ Mortality Survival rates of radiocollared foxes for 1990, 1991 Female Adult 32 foxes extreme southern San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Conservation of the endangered San Joaquin kit fox, Vulpes macrotis mutica, on the Naval Petroleum Reserves, California

Author(s)
O'Farrell, T.P.
Pages
207-208
Year
Volume
172
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Population Density denning density den/28 ha - 1 den/37 ha Both Male and Female Adult 1010 dens Elk Hills Naval and Buena Vista Petroleum Reserves Exposure Factor Datasets Kern
Citation:

Prey abundance and food habits of San Joaquin kit fox (Vulpes velox macrotis) at Camp Roberts Army National Guard Training Site, California

Author(s)
Logan, Christopher G., William H. Berry, William G. Standley and Thomas T. Kato
Pages
21
Publisher
EG and G Energy Measurements, Inc., Operations Report No. 10617-2158
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Dietary Composition Spermophilus beecheyi (35%), soluble material (16.6%), grasshoppers/crickets (12.9%), lagomorphs (12.2%), kangaroo rats (9.1%), miscellaneous (10.2%), deer mice/wood rats (7.7%), birds (5.2%), beetles/weevils (3.5%), vegetation (2.8%), snakes (2.0%), pocket mice (0.8%), pocket gophers (0.5%), lizards (0.2%) frequency of occurrence of prey items found in scat % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 649 scats Camp Roberts Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey, San Luis Obispo

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis ssp. nevadensis)

Citation:

Ecology and life history of the kit fox in Tooele County, Utah

Author(s)
Egoscue, Harold J.
Pages
481-497
Year
Issue
3
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 4.2 average body weight lbs Female Adult 6 Tooele County, west. UT Exposure Factor Datasets

Pacific Pocket Mouse (Perognathus longimembris ssp. pacificus)

Citation:

Draft recovery plan for the pacific pocket mouse (Perognathus longimembris pacificus)

Author(s)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
Pages
93
Publisher
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Carlsbad Field Office
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. bairdii)

Citation:

Energetics of the prairie deer mouse Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii

Author(s)
Morris, John G. and S. Charles Kendeigh
Pages
368-76
Year
Issue
2
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Body Fat (total or %) 9.2 fat as % of total body weight % Both Male and Female Adult 8 Exposure Factor Datasets summer-acclimatized Laboratory
Citation:

Reproduction by Peromyscus maniculatus: size and compromise

Author(s)
Myers, Philip and Lawrence L. Master
Pages
1-18
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Clutch or Litter Size #/litter Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Oxygen consumption and carbon dioxide production in male prarie deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus bairdii) in different reproductive conditions and group densities

Author(s)
Staubs, Patricia A. and Eric L. Bradley
Pages
287-294
Year
Volume
119
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 3370 resting oxygen consumption at 23C ml/kg/hr Male Adult 6 Exposure Factor Datasets resting 126.7 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. borealis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of northern Peromyscus maniculatus borealis

Author(s)
Millar, J.S.
Pages
510-515
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 0.15 daily ingestion rate; animals fed Purina rat pellets g/g/d Female Adult 18 Original pairs trapped at Heart Lake, Northwest Territories Exposure Factor Datasets nonbreeding Laboratory
Citation:

Demographic and life cycle characteristics of montane deer mice

Author(s)
Millar, John S. and Duncan G. Innes
Pages
574-585
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Lab
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 24.9 d Both Male and Female Juvenile 43 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Survival/ Mortality 30 over winter survival % Male Juvenile 30 Kananaskis Valley, Alberta [lat., 51 N] Exposure Factor Datasets "young of the yr" CANADA

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. gambelii)

Citation:

Seasonal activity and feeding patterns in a population of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus gambelii)

Author(s)
Seabloom, Robert W., Robert G. Schwab and Susan C. Loeb
Pages
2238-2243
Year
Volume
72
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties Error
Food Ingestion Rate 0.14 mean dry stomach content mass g Female Juvenile 29 Tule Lake National Wildlife Refuge (1230 m) Exposure Factor Datasets Siskiyou 0.02 SE
Citation:

Comparative energetics in two sympatric species of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Mazen, Walter S. and Robert L. Rudd
Pages
573-574
Year
Issue
3
Volume
61
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 6.46 maximal metabolic rate cc O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Not Reported 24 collected 5 km east of Chico, Butte County, CA Exposure Factor Datasets 1.4 SD Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nebrascensis)

Citation:

Life cycle characteristics of Peromyscus maniculatus nebrascensis

Author(s)
Millar, John S.
Pages
1280-1284
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 29.5 duration of postpartum gestation d Female Adult 8 captured in Alberta, Canada Exposure Factor Datasets 1.4 SE Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. nubiterrae)

Citation:

The response of Peromyscus to forest opening size in the Southern Appalachian Mountains

Author(s)
Buckner, Christine A. and Donald J. Shure
Pages
299-307
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Population Density see citation figure of population density estimated as minimum number known to be alive #/ha Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 93 Nantahala National Forest Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Postnatal growth and development of Peromyscus maniculatus nubiterrae

Author(s)
Linzey, A. V.
Pages
152-155
Year
Volume
51
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 28.54 d Female Adult 22 captured in Coche County, TN Exposure Factor Datasets 0.81 Laboratory

Deer Mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus ssp. sonoriensis)

Citation:

Metabolic characteristics of mountain, desert and coastal populations of Peromyscus

Author(s)
Murie, Martin
Pages
723-740
Year
Volume
42
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 2.25 resting oxygen consumption rate at 25C cc O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Not Reported 9 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.04 SE Laboratory

Audubon's Cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii ssp. audubonii)

Citation:

Natural history observations on the Audubon cottontail

Author(s)
Ingles, Lloyd G.
Pages
227-250
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 839 g Male Adult 16 observations from 7 animals Sacramento Valley, Durham Exposure Factor Datasets

Riparian Brush Rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani ssp. riparius)

Citation:

Status review of the riparian brush rabbit (Sylvilagus bachmani riparius) in California

Author(s)
Larsen, Caryla J.
Pages
1-22
Publisher
California Department of Fish and Game, Nongame Bird and Mammal Section Report
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation review reported gestation period was 27 d (data source unspecified) Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Ornate Shrew (Sorex ornatus)

Citation:

Activity rhythms in the shrews, Sorex sinuosus Grinnell and Sorex trowbridgii Baird

Author(s)
Rust, Aileen K.
Pages
369-382
Year
Volume
99
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 6.23 g Both Male and Female Adult 3 captured at San Pablo Bay, Sonoma CA Exposure Factor Datasets breeding 0.76 SE Laboratory

Pallid Bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Citation:

Bats of America

Author(s)
Barbour, R.W. and W.H. Davis
Pages
285
Publisher
University of Kentucky Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality Review Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Metabolic strategies of pallid bats (Antrozous pallidus) during reproduction

Author(s)
Beasley, Laura J. and Michael Leon
Pages
159-166
Year
Issue
1
Volume
36
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Metabolic Rate see citation no values reported; see paper for figures Both Male and Female Juvenile 30 Napa Valley Exposure Factor Datasets Napa
Citation:

Social effects of roosting on the metabolism of the pallid bat (Antrozous pallidus)

Author(s)
Trune, Dennis R., and C.N. Slobodchikoff
Pages
656-663
Year
Issue
4
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of O2 consumption at varying ambient temperatures ml O2/g/hr Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 5 bats/group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Growth and development of young pallid bats, Antrozous pallidus

Author(s)
Davis, Russell
Pages
729-736
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Growth Rate 11 body weight increase over time in males g/7 wks Male Juvenile 9-18 bats Exposure Factor Datasets

Coyote (Canis latrans)

Citation:

Coyote, Canis latrans, ecology in a rural-urban environment

Author(s)
Atkinson, K.T. and D.M. Shackleton
Pages
49-54
Year
Volume
105
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Home Range 17.0 95% home range estimated by minimum convex polygon method km2 Female Adult 3 Lower Fraser Valley, British Columbia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 20.7 SD
Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in southeastern Colorado

Author(s)
Gese, Eric M., Orrin J. Rongstad and William R. Mytton
Pages
174-181
Year
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal Oct. - Jan. Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 13 Pinon Canyon Maneuver Site, Trinidad (elev., 1310-1740 m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Home range size of coyotes: A critical review

Author(s)
Laundre, John W. and Barry L. Keller
Pages
127-139
Year
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Home Range review Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits and average weights of a fall-winter sample of eastern coyotes, Canis latrans

Author(s)
Moore, Gary C. and John S. Millar
Pages
105-106
Year
Volume
100
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Body Weight - Mean 15.24 unskinned weight estimated from skinned weight kg Female Adult 23 New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Citation:

Population characteristics of coyotes (Canis latrans) in the northern Chihuahuan desert of New Mexico

Author(s)
Windberg, Lamar A., Steven M. Ebbert and Brian T. Kelly
Pages
197-207
Year
Volume
138
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 9.5 kg Female Adult 13 Jornada Experimental Range, Dona Ana County (elev., 1320-1390 m) Exposure Factor Datasets >3 yrs 1.0 SE
Citation:

Summer food habits of coyotes in Idaho's River of No Return Wilderness Area

Author(s)
Elliott, Charles E. and Richard Guetig
Pages
63 - 65
Year
Volume
50
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Columbian ground squirrel (56.85); mule deer (27.4%); deer mouse (15.6%); moose (13.7%); northern pocket gopher (11.7%); montane vole (11.7%); golden-mantled ground squirrel (5.8%); Audubon's cottontail (3.9%); horse (3.9%); unknown mammals (5.8%); reptiles (3.9%); arthropods (39.2%); birds (27.4%); plants (21.5%) % occurrence of major (>1.9%) food items in scats % Not Reported Not Reported 51 scats Big Creek Ranger District Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of coyotes in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Berg, William E. and Robert A. Chesness
Pages
229-247
Publisher
Academic Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition deer (41.8%); livestock (23.3%); mice (3.6%); porcupine (4.0%); snowshoe hare (12.8%); striped skunk (2.0%); red squirrel (0.7%); muskrat (1.8%); beaver (0.6%); racoon (0.2%); ruffed grouse (1.0%); bird (0.1%); poultry (1.4%); unknown (2.0%) % weight of item in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 1204 Aitkin and Itasca counties Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Coyote morphometric characteristics and mass dynamics in the San Joaquin Valley, California

Author(s)
Cypher, Brian L.
Pages
360-365
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties Error
Body Weight - Mean 10.2 kg Female Adult 53 Naval Petroleum Reserves (elev., 88 - 473 m) Exposure Factor Datasets >2 yr Kern 0.2 SE
Citation:

Physical development in coyotes (Canis latrans), with a comparison to other canids

Author(s)
Bekoff, Marc and Robert Jamieson
Pages
685-692
Year
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 461 g Both Male and Female Juvenile 6 Exposure Factor Datasets 10d Laboratory
Citation:

Population dynamics of coyotes in central Alberta, 1964-1968

Author(s)
Nellis, Carl H. and Lloyd B. Keith
Pages
389-399
Year
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries
Survival/ Mortality mortality rate % Not Reported Adult Not Reported Rochester, Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets > 1 yr CANADA
Citation:

The distribution and abundance of coyotes: The effects of allochthonous food subsidies from the sea

Author(s)
Rose, Michael D. and Gary A. Polis
Pages
998-1007
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition Terrestrial: Reptiles (1.8%); Rodents (21.0%); Lagomorphs (6.6%); Birds (6.3%); Arthropods (5.7%); Vegetation (8.1%) Marine: Reptiles (0.6%); Mammals (0.3%); Fish (12.0%); Birds (16.5%); Arthropods (17.7%); Vegetation (0.6%) average percent occurrence of item in scats from 4 coastal sites % Not Reported Not Reported 152 Bahia de los Angeles, Baja California del Norte [lat., 28^o55' N; long., 113^o30' W] Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO

Kit Fox (Vulpes macrotis)

Citation:

Metabolism and body temperature of two desert canids: Coyotes and kit foxes

Author(s)
Golightly, Richard T. and Robert D. Ohmart
Pages
624 - 635
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.0028 winter basal metabolic rate watts/g Both Male and Female Adult 12 foxes Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory

Long-tailed Weasel (Mustela frenata)

Citation:

Breeding habits of captive long-tailed weasels (Mustela frenata)

Author(s)
Wright, Philip L.
Pages
338-344
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Age at Sexual Maturity 3 mo Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The sexual cycle of the male long-tailed weasel (Mustela frenata)

Author(s)
Wright, Philip L.
Pages
343-352
Year
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutches or Litters per year 1 litter/yr Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Striped Skunk (Mephitis mephitis)

Citation:

Physical characteristics of striped skunks in northern Minnesota

Author(s)
Fuller, Todd K., David W. Kuehn, Pamela L. Coy and Randy K. Markl
Pages
371-374
Year
Issue
2
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 2.48 kg Male Both Adults and Juveniles 6 animals Bearville study area; Itasca county Exposure Factor Datasets 1 year 0.30 SE
Citation:

Insect food of skunks

Author(s)
Kelker, George Hills
Pages
164-170
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition insects; % by volume; scat analysis % Not Reported Not Reported 952 scats Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Parameters of population and seasonal activity of striped skunks, Mephitis mephitis, in Alberta and Saskatchewan

Author(s)
Schowalter, David B. and John R. Gunson
Pages
409-420
Year
Issue
4
Volume
96
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 3.2 kg Female Juvenile 58 juveniles Saskatchewan; Alberta Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.7 SD
Citation:

Biology of striped skunks on a southwestern Lake Erie Marsh

Author(s)
Bailey, Theodore N.
Pages
196-207
Year
Issue
1
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Hatching or Parturition mid April-mid May Both Male and Female Embryo Not Reported Magee Marsh; Ottawa natll. wildlife refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Biology of the striped skunk

Author(s)
Verts, B. J.
Pages
182
Publisher
University of Illinois Press
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 62-66 d Both Male and Female Embryo 3 Exposure Factor Datasets

Sea Otter (Enhydra lutris)

Citation:

Energy, nitrogen, and electrolyte flux and sea water drinking in the sea otter Enhydra lutris

Author(s)
Costa, Daniel P.
Pages
35-44
Year
Issue
1
Volume
55
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Body Weight - Mean 24.3 combined male and female weights kg Both Male and Female Adult 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 1.5 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Breeding patterns and reproductive success of California sea otters

Author(s)
Riedman, Marianne L., James A. Estes, Michelle M. Staedler, Alisa A. Giles and David R. Carlson
Pages
391-399
Year
Issue
3
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific California Counties
Fledging or Weaning Rate 0.75 pre-weaning survival rate (mothers aged 7-10 years) Female Adult 12 Monterey Bay Exposure Factor Datasets 7-10 years Monterey
Citation:

Metabolism and thermoregulation in the sea otter

Author(s)
Morrison, Peter, Mario Rosenmann and James E. Estes
Pages
218-229
Year
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate 0.99 average metabolic rate in air cc O2/g x hr Not Reported Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets fasted Laboratory
Citation:

Annual reproduction, dependency period, and apparent gestation period in two California sea otters, Enydra lutris

Author(s)
Loughlin, Thomas R., Jack A. Ames, and Judson E. Vandevere
Pages
347-349
Year
Issue
2
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type California Counties
Time of Migration or Dispersal observed ages at which pups were no longer observed with mothers mo Not Reported Juvenile 5 pups near Monterey Exposure Factor Datasets Monterey

California Sea Lion (Zalophus californianus)

Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus) II: Milk intake

Author(s)
Iverson, S. J., O.T. Oftedal and D.J. Boness
Pages
180-184
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Growth Rate 109.2 daily weight gain during the 2nd mo of life g/d Male Pup 5 San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 1-2 mo 41.62 SE
Citation:

Newborn size in marine mammals

Author(s)
Scheffer, V. B.
Pages
19-26
Year
Issue
3
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean neonate weight lbs Not Reported Neonate 16 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The effect of El Nino on pup development in the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus); I. Early postnatal growth

Author(s)
Boness, D. J., O. T. Oftedal,and K. A. Ono
Pages
173-179
Publisher
Springer Verlag
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Body Weight - Mean 8.4 mean size neonate ; pre El Nino 1982 kg Not Reported Neonate 39 neonates San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets 3 days or less 0.146 SE
Citation:

Food habits of the California sea lion, Zalophus californianus, at San Clemente Island, California, 1981-86

Author(s)
Lowry, Mark S., Charles W. Oliver, Carolyn Macky and Jeannie B. Wexler
Pages
509-521
Year
Volume
88
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition northern anchovy (51.3%); jack mackerel (24.6%); pelagic crab (21.2%); Pacific whiting (19.6%); rockfish (19.0%); market squid (16.3%); blacksmith (10.7%); Pacific mackerel (9.5%); octopus (5.1%); squid (2.2%); senorita (1.1%); lanternfish (1.3%) % of scats in which major (>1%) prey occurred % Not Reported Not Reported 1309 scats San Clemente Island Exposure Factor Datasets
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