Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)

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Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis)

Citation:

Seabird diets provide early warning of sardine fishery declines in the Gulf of California.

Author(s)
Velarde, E., Ezcurra, E. and Anderson, D.W.
Issue
1332
Volume
3
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sample Size Location Type Countries
Dietary Composition 0.83 Percentage of diet that is anchovy+sardine NR Midriff Islands Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Dietary Composition See citation Figure 3 Proportion of anchovy:sardine NR Midriff Islands Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Egg success, hatching success, and nest-site selection of brown pelicans, Gaillard Island, Alabama, USA.

Author(s)
Robinson, O.J. and Dindo, J.J.
Issue
2
Volume
123
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Hatching Success 0 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.677 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.635 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.576 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.695 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.588 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.646 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.5 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Hatching Success 0.537 Embryo NR Gaillard Island Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Long-Term Population and Colony Dynamics of Brown Pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) in Rapidly Changing Coastal Louisiana, USA.

Author(s)
Selman, W., Hess Jr, T.J. and Linscombe, J.
Issue
1
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density See citation Table 2 Nests/ha/year Adult Coastal LA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Population Density See citation Table 2 Colonies/ha/year Both Adults and Juveniles Coastal LA Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Breeding distribution and abundance of seabirds on islands off north-central Chile.

Author(s)
Simeone, A., Luna-Jorquera, G., Bernal, M., Garthe, S., Sepúlveda, F., Villablanca, R., Ellenberg, U., Contreras, M., Muñoz, J. and Ponce, T.
Issue
2
Volume
76
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type Countries
Population Density See citation Table 2 Breeding pairs/ha Adult North central Chilean islands Exposure Factor Datasets CHILE
Citation:

Seabird Colonies of the Small Islands of Bahía Santa María-La Reforma, Sinaloa, México.

Author(s)
Castillo-Guerrero, J.A., González-Medina, E. and Fernández, G.
Issue
4
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Population Density Review Number of nests in colonies that nest in mangroves Small Islands of Bahía Santa María-
La Reforma, Sinaloa, México 		Exposure Factor Datasets CHILE
Population Density 2011: 88-289 2012: 120-1895 Number of nests/583 sq km 2-3 surveys/y Small Islands of Bahía Santa María-
La Reforma, Sinaloa, México 		Exposure Factor Datasets CHILE 2011 & 2012: 12-159 SE
Time of Mating/ Laying January 2-3 surveys/y Small Islands of Bahía Santa María-
La Reforma, Sinaloa, México 		Exposure Factor Datasets CHILE
Citation:

Survey of Brown PelicanS (Pelecanus occidentalis) in JackSonville, Florida.

Author(s)
Cooper, K. and Vanderhoff, E.N.
Issue
2
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries
Population Density 1722 Number of individuals (area size NR) Both Adults and Juveniles 1722 Three sites in Jacksonville, FL Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

At-Sea distribution and abundance of seabirds off southern California: a 20-Year comparison.

Author(s)
Mason, J.W., McChesney, G.J., McIver, W.R., Carter, H.R., Takekawa, J.Y., Golightly, R.T., Ackerman, J.T., Orthmeyer, D.L., Perry, W.M., Yee, J.L. and Pierson, M.O.
Publisher
Cooper Ornithological Society.
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type Countries
Population Density Review Number of individuals/sq km Exposure Factor Datasets USA
Citation:

Size and distribution of the California brown pelican metapopulation in a non-ENSO year.

Author(s)
Anderson, D.W., Henny, C.J., Godínez-Reyes, C., Gress, F., Palacios, E.L., Del Prado, K.S., Gallo-Reynoso, J.P. and Bredy, J.
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Type Condition Countries
Population Density See citation Number of breeding pairs (area size NR) Adult West coast US/Mexico border Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding MEXICO
Population Density See citation Number of individuals (area size NR) Both Adults and Juveniles West coast US/Mexico border Exposure Factor Datasets MEXICO
Citation:

Brown Pelicans, Pelecanus occidentalis californicus (Birds: Pelecanidae): Five years with ENSO, dynamic nesting, and contemporary breeding status in the Gulf of California.

Author(s)
Anderson, DW, Godinez-Reyes, CR, Velarde, E., Avalos-Tellez, R., Ramirez-Delgado, D., Moreno-Prado, H., Bowen, T., Gress, F., Trejo-Ventura, J., Adrean, L. and Meltzer, L.
Issue
1
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type Condition Countries
Population Density See citation; fewer nests in ENSO years Number of nests on islands of Gulf of Mexico 1970-2006 during ENSO/non-ENSO years Gulf of Mexico Exposure Factor Datasets Breeding MEXICO
Citation:

Nesting Sites and Population Estimates of Seabirds and other Waterbirds of the Gulf of Chiriquí, Panamá.

Author(s)
Angehr, G.R., Kushlan, J.A. and Hines, K.N.
Issue
4
Volume
37
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type Countries
Population Density 466 nests Number of nests/>50,314 ha Gulf of Chiriquí Exposure Factor Datasets PANAMA
Citation:

Roosting Brown Pelicans at San Nicolas Island, California, 1972–2006.

Author(s)
Capitolo, P.J., Carter, H.R., Jaques, D.L., Mcchesney, G.J., Mciver, W.R., Keeney, T.W. and Smith, G.
Issue
3
Volume
35
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Location Type California Counties Countries
Population Density 0-910 Number of individuals/90 sq km (temporal) San Nicolas Island Exposure Factor Datasets Ventura USA
Citation:

Chlorinated hydrocarbon residues in the diet and eggs of the Florida brown pelican

Author(s)
Thompson, Neal P., Patrick W. Rankin, Patricia E. Cowan, Lovett E. Williams, Jr. and Stephen A. Nesbitt
Pages
331-339
Year
Issue
3
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
AROCLOR 1254, DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-), DIELDRIN 0.896 ppm DDE, 0.256 ppm DDD, 0.166 ppm DDT, 0.208 dieldrin, 2.241 ppm PCB 1254 mean residues in eggs Female Adult 29 eggs east coast Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

DDE in birds' eggs: Comparison of two methods for estimating critical levels

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J.
Pages
268-276
Year
Issue
2
Volume
96
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 8 ug/g critical threshold of DDE concentration in egg (wet wt basis) associated with 20% eggshell thinning Both Male and Female Embryo 813 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDE (4,4'-) 3 ug/g lowest level of DDE that would result in severely lowered reproductive success Both Male and Female Embryo 156 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Further interpretation of the relation of organochlorine residues in brown pelican eggs to reproductive success

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J.
Pages
15-33
Year
Issue
1
Volume
28
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDE (4,4'-) 3 ug/g level in eggs associated with impaired reproductive success (successful nests fledged at least one chick) Both Male and Female Juvenile 156 eggs Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Hatching success of brown pelican eggs after contamination with oil

Author(s)
Parnell, James F., Mark A. Shields and Dargan Frierson, Jr.
Pages
22-24
Year
Volume
7
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
FUEL OILS decrease hatching success (proportion of eggs hatched per clutch) of oiled versus control eggs Not Reported Embryo 61-205 eggs Cape Fear River Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Flow cytometric analysis of hematocytes from brown pelicans (Pelecanus occidentalis) exposed to planar halogenated hydrocarbons and heavy metals

Author(s)
Wickliffe, J.K., and J.W. Bickham
Pages
239-246
Year
Volume
61
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, MERCURY COMPOUNDS, POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZO-P-DIOXINS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS no effect half-peak coefficient of variation (HPCV) in DNA content vs. reference samples Not Reported Chick 15 Ferry Slip Island and South Pelican Island (33deg59'N,77deg57'W) Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Weight growth of young double-crested cormorants in the St. Lawrence Estuary, Quebec

Author(s)
Desgranges, Jean-Luc
Pages
79-86
Year
Volume
5
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Error
Body Weight - Mean 27.6 hatch weight g Both Male and Female Hatchling 11 chicks St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.2 SE
Body Weight - Mean 1698.4 asymptotic weight (40 days) g Both Male and Female Nestling 65 chicks St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 35.2 SE
Clutch or Litter Size 3.2 mean clutch size among successful nests eggs Female Adult 32 nests St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.2 SE
Hatching Success 2.8 proportion of eggs hatched per nest among successful nests eggs/nest Both Male and Female Hatchling 32 nests St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.2 SE
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.3 fledging rate among successful nests fledglings/nest Both Male and Female Fledgling 32 nests St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 0.2
Growth Rate 90.5 growth rate during maximum growth phase g/day Both Male and Female Nestling 65 chicks St. Lawrence estuary Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA 1.8 SE
Citation:

Variation in reproductivity with age in the brown pelican

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J. and Julie A. Keahey
Pages
128-134
Year
Volume
95
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 2.16 mean clutch size eggs Female Juvenile 37 clutches Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 2.85 mean clutch size eggs Female Adult 89 clutches Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 57.1% percent of eggs producing downy young in succesful nests (nests producing at least one young) Female Juvenile 7 nests Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 60.2% percent of eggs producing downy young in succesful nests (nests producing at least one young) Female Adult 133 nests Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The gaseous metabolism of large wild birds under aviary life

Author(s)
Benedict, Francis G., and Edward L. Fox
Pages
511-534
Publisher
American Philosophical Society
Year
Volume
66
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition Lab
Metabolic Rate 75 average basal metabolism (heat production) cal/kg/d Not Reported Adult 1 bird (3 measurements) Exposure Factor Datasets fasted Laboratory
Citation:

Age of first nesting in the brown pelican

Author(s)
Williams, Lovett E., Jr. and Ted Joanen
Pages
279-280
Year
Issue
3
Volume
86
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Age at Sexual Maturity 3 age of first nesting yr Not Reported Adult 13 nests Barataria Bay Exposure Factor Datasets 3 yr
Citation:

Growth and develoment of nestling brown pelicans

Author(s)
Schreiber, Ralph W.
Pages
19-39
Year
Issue
1
Volume
47
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning range of mean fledging ages over four years days Not Reported Fledgling 7-12 birds/year Tarpon Key Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean body weight at hatching g Not Reported Nestling 47 birds Tarpon Key Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate see figure daily growth rates of wild nestlings Not Reported Nestling varied Tarpon Key Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate percent of body weight consumed daily during maintenance of adult weight Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 4 birds Tarpon Key Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean body weight of captive adult g Not Reported Adult 1 bird Tarpon Key Exposure Factor Datasets

California Brown Pelican (Pelecanus occidentalis ssp. californicus)

Citation:

Brown pelicans: Improved reproduction off the southern California coast

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Joseph R. Jehl, Jr., Robert W. Risebrough, Leon A. Woods, Jr., Lawrence R. Deweese, and William G. Edgecomb
Pages
806-808
Year
Volume
190
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) significantly decreased compared to pre-1943 samples eggshell thickness (of intact or broken eggshells) Female Adult 86 eggs Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) increased compared to positive control (1969 data) mean number of fledglings produced per nest in 1974 Both Male and Female Fledgling 1286 nests Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDD (4,4'-), DDE (4,4'-), DDT (4,4'-) non-detectable DDT plus TDE, 96.6 ppm DDE, lipid wet basis concentration in egg contents Female Adult 39 eggs Anacapa Island and Isla Coronado Norte Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Dietary composition of brown pelicans breeding in the southern California bight

Author(s)
Kelly, P.R., Franklin Gress and D.W. Anderson
Pages
105
Year
Issue
2
Volume
8
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax (80%) percent of estimated prey biomass, from pre-fledgling regurgitations Not Reported Nestling 3 colonies Southern California Bight Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Brown pelicans: influence of food supply on reproduction

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Franklin Gress, and Kenneth F. Mais
Pages
23-31
Year
Volume
39
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate range of mean fledging rates (number of fledglings per built nest) over a 6 year period Not Reported Fledgling 76-1258 nests/year West Anacapa Island Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate range of mean fledging rates (number of fledglings per built nest) over a 6 year period Not Reported Fledgling 76-1258 nests/year Isla Coronado Norte Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Movements and daily activity patterns of a brown pelican in Central California

Author(s)
Croll, Donald A., Lisa T. Ballance, Bernd G. Wursig and Wm. Breck Tyler
Pages
258-260
Year
Volume
88
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Foraging Distance distance travelled by radiotagged bird km/day Not Reported Juvenile 1 bird south Monterey Bay Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survival and dispersal of oiled brown pelicans after rehabilitation and release

Author(s)
Anderson, Daniel W., Franklin Gress, and D. Michael Fry
Pages
711-718
Year
Issue
10
Volume
32
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Condition
Survival/ Mortality 69% estimated survival rate of radiotagged rehabilitated oiled birds at 150-180 days post-release Not Reported Adult 16 Southern California Bight Exposure Factor Datasets rehabilitated oiled birds
Survival/ Mortality 94% estimated survival rate of radiotagged control birds at 150-180 days post-release Not Reported Adult 17 Southern California Bight Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Brown pelicans in central and northern California

Author(s)
Briggs, Kenneth T., Wm. Breck Tyler, David B. Lewis, Paul R. Kelly and Donald A. Croll
Pages
353-373
Year
Issue
4
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error
Time of Migration or Dispersal early to mid-summer time of northward movement from southern breeding areas Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 years northern and central coast Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density 0.23 mean density at sea off central and northern coast birds/km^2 Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles 3 years central and northern coast Exposure Factor Datasets 0.23 SE
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