Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)
Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IRON SULFATE | increase @ 30-288 mg/l | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5-25/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | larvae | Laboratory | ||
| ZINC SULFATE | increase @ 39 mg/l | 100% mortality reported | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5-25/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | larvae | Laboratory | |
| COPPER SULFATE | increase @ 3.7 mg/l | 100% mortality reported | Not Reported | Juvenile | 5-25/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | larvae | Laboratory |
| Chemical | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| FENTHION | decrease @ 60 ppb | temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint | Not Reported | Juvenile | 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| CHLORPYRIFOS | decrease @ 30 and 60 ppb | temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint | Not Reported | Juvenile | 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| METHYLPARATHION | decrease @ 25 and 50 ppb | temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint | Not Reported | Juvenile | 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose | Toxicity Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.463 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 40 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.115 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 25 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 46 | Laboratory | ||
| Metabolic Rate | range of mean oxygen consumption rates for 11 tadpole stages | ul O2/g wet wt./hr | Not Reported | Tadpole | 10-84/age group | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stages 20-46 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.01 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 84 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 20 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.02 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 42 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 26 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.117 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 39 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 30 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.187 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 39 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 32 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.440 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 35 | Laboratory | ||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.458 | g | Not Reported | Tadpole | 26 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Gosner stage 37 | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | Error |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | May - June | Not Reported | Tadpole | Not Reported | San Joaquin Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | |||
| Body Weight - Mean | 0.429 | g | Not Reported | 20 | San Joaquin Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets | "newly metamorphosed toadlets" | 0.02 SE |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | 30.80 | Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 15C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 25.54 | Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 15C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 71.2 | Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 25C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 32.54 | Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 25C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 8 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 29.41 | Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 5C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | 26.86 | Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 5C | ul O2/g/hr | Not Reported | 10 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Metabolic Rate | Log VO2 = 0.75(Log BW) - 2.43 | regression equation relating resting oxygen consumption (VO2; cm3 O2/min) to log body weight (BW; g) at 25-27C | cm3 O2/min | Not Reported | Not Reported | 13 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | Log VO2 = 0.82(Log BW) - 1.40 | regression equation relating active oxygen consumption (VO2; cm3 O2/min) to log body weight (BW; g) at 25-27C | cm3 O2/min | Not Reported | Not Reported | 76 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Body Weight - Mean | 22.5 | g | Not Reported | Not Reported | 76 | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Coleoptera (23.3%); Diptera (0.4%); Hymenoptera (75.3%); Lepidoptera (0.6%); Orthoptera (0.4%); Arachnoida (3.0%) and Diplopoda (0.6%) | % frequency of occurrence of prey items in stomach contents | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 7 | Northern Flathead Valley | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | May - July | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | Deschutes and Linn counties (elev., 1220-1950m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clutch or Litter Size | 12,000 | # eggs/spawn | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Lost Lake, Linn county | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 64.6 | mean and range of body weights | g | Male | Adult | 17 | Garfield County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Body Weight - Mean | 92.9 | mean and range of body weight | g | Female | Adult | 18 | Garfield County | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Boreal Toad (Anaxyrus boreas ssp. boreas formerly Bufo boreas ssp. boreas)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Mating/ Laying | Apr. - July | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Not Reported | ponds, Missoula and Ravalli counties | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Error | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 40.2 | g | Both Male and Female | Adult | 50 | East River Valley, Gothic, Gunnison county (elev., 3000 - 3355m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | 5.62 SE | ||
| Metabolic Rate | log SMR = -2.23 + 0.037(T) | equation relating standard metabolic rate (SMR; cm3 O2/g/hr), measured as oxygen consumption, to body temperature (T, 10-30C) on animals captured no more than a week before testing | cm3 O2/g/hr | Both Male and Female | Adult | 30 | captured at East River Valley, Gothic, Gunnison county (elev., 3000 - 3355m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory | |
| Metabolic Rate | log AMR = -1.13 +0.067(T) - 0.0008(T)^2 | polynomial equation relating active metabolic rate (AMR; cm3 O2/g/hr), measured as oxygen consumption, to body temperature (T, 10-30C) in animals captured no more than a week before testing | cm3 O2/g/hr | Both Male and Female | Adult | 49 | captured at East River Valley, Gothic, Gunnison county (elev., 3000 - 3355m) | Exposure Factor Datasets | Laboratory |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Nematoda (3.0%); Gastropoda (3-21.2%); Arachnida (3.0-42.5%); Orthoptera (3.0%); Coleoptera (3.0-51.5%); Hemiptera (3.0%); Neuroptera (3.0%); Lepidoptera (12.1%); Diptera (3.0 -24.2%); Hymenoptera (3.0-88.1%) | % of stomachs containing prey items | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | 33 | Left-hand reservoir, Boulder county (elev., 10,638ft) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time of Torpor or Hibernation | Sept. - May | time of hibernation | Not Reported | Adult | 30 | Boulder county (elev., 2,975m) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
California Toad (Anaxyrus boreas ssp. halophilus formerly Bufo boreas ssp. halophilus)
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | California Counties |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dietary Composition | Isopoda (31.23%); Diplopoda (0.66%); Arachnida (2.14%); Orthoptera (0.35%); Dermaptera (2.65%); Coleoptera (54.06%); Lepidoptera (2.67%); Diptera (0.04%); Hymenoptera (5.92%); Unknown insects (0.3%) | % occurrence in fecal pellets examined | % | Not Reported | Adult | 320 fecal pellets/ 6 animals | residential lawn, Bakersfield [lat., 35^o21'N; long., 119^o09'W] | Exposure Factor Datasets | Kern |
| Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Location | Type | Age-Specific | California Counties | Lab |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body Weight - Mean | 2.5 | g | Not Reported | Juvenile | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Santa Cruz | |||
| Growth Rate | see citation | figure of weight increase in juvenile toads maintained at various temperatures | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9-11 animals/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Laboratory | |||
| Food Ingestion Rate | see citation | figure of biomass of food ingested by juvenile toads maintained at various temperatures | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9-11 animals/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Laboratory | |||
| Metabolic Rate | see citation | figure of oxygen consumption measured at a series of temperatures | Not Reported | Juvenile | 9-11 animals/group | Exposure Factor Datasets | one-yr or newly metamorphosed | Laboratory |
