Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

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Bullfrog (Lithobates catesbeianus formerly Rana catesbeiana)

Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Countries Lab
METHYLPARATHION 79.5 in loco heart rate Not Reported Tadpole 36 NR Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL Laboratory
PENOXSULAM 7.52 mg/L LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 6 Experimental Frog Farm, São Paulo Toxicity Factor Datasets BRAZIL Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative sensitivity of amphibian tadpoles to single and pulsed exposures of the forest-use insecticide fenitrothion

Author(s)
Berrill, Michael, Susan Bertram, Bruce Pauli, Donna Coulson, Mark Kolohon and Dean Ostrander
Pages
1011-1018
Year
Issue
6
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
FENITROTHION increase at 9 mg/l Not Reported Tadpole 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 8 d after hatching Laboratory
FENITROTHION increase at 9 mg/l Not Reported Tadpole 10/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1 d after hatching Laboratory
Citation:

Oral deformities in tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana) associated with coal ash deposition: Effects on grazing ability and growth

Author(s)
Rowe, Christopher L., Owen M. Kinney, Alison P. Fiori and Justin D. Congdon
Pages
723-730
Year
Volume
36
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, BARIUM COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS increase incidence of oral deformities at coal ash contaminated site, relative to reference site Not Reported Tadpole 575-1048 Savannah River, Aiken Toxicity Factor Datasets
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, BARIUM COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS increase at contaminated (C) compared to reference (R) site: Arsenic, C=48.9 +/- 2.6SE, R=2.5 +/-0.2SE; Barium, C=211.5 +/- 14.9SE, R=81.2 +/- 5.2SE; Cadmium, C=1.71 +/- 0.5SE, R=0.15 +/- 0.04SE; Chromium, C=17.2 +/- 0.5SE, R=1.4 +/- 0.3SE; Copper, C=31.4 +/- 1.5SE, R=17.5 +/- 6.6SE; Selenium, C=25.70 +/- 3.60SE, R=3.37 +/- 0.09SE. mean whole body metal concentrations (ppm, dry mass) Not Reported Tadpole 3 animals/site Savannah River, Aiken Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Teratogenesis, toxicity and bioaccumulation in frogs exposed to dieldrin

Author(s)
Schuytema, Gerald S., Alan V. Nebeker, William L. Griffis and Karsten N. Wilson
Pages
332-350
Year
Volume
21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIELDRIN 12.0 ug/g at 30.3 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) at the LC50 Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 19.0 ug/g at 52.3 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 34.4 ug/l (95% CL: 31.1 - 38.1 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo-larvae, 11d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 0.5 ug/g at 12.3 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) at the NOAEL Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 25.1 ug/l LOAEL, based on mortality but gross spinal deformities also observed Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo-larvae, 11d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 360 - 900 range of bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body tissue dieldrin concentration by water dieldrin concentration Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 11.0 ug/l NOAEL Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo-larvae, 11d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 36,000 - 90,000 range of lipid bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body bioconcentration values x 100 by percent lipid Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 8.7 ug/l (95% CL: 7.8-9.7 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 11.2 ug/l LOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 4.0 ug/l NOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 5.1 ug/g at 8.7 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) at the LC50 Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 6.0 ug/g at 11.2 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 2.0 ug/g at 4.0 ug/l whole body dieldrin concentration (ug/g, wet wt.) Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 360 - 540 range of bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body tissue dieldrin concentration by water dieldrin concentration Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 36,000 - 54,000 range of lipid bioconcentration factors; calculated by dividing the whole body bioconcentration values x 100 by percent lipid Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 50 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 30.3 ug/l (95% CL: 26.2 - 35.2 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 52.3 ug/l LOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
DIELDRIN 12.3 ug/l NOAEL Not Reported Tadpole 20 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 29 d Laboratory
Citation:

Behavioral and histopathological effects of fluoranthene on bullfrog larvae (Rana catesbeiana)

Author(s)
Walker, Sean E., Douglas H. Taylor and James T. Oris
Pages
734-739
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
FLUORANTHENE increase @ 10.97 - 59.48 ug/l incidence of structural disorganization and necrosis of the integument Not Reported Tadpole 20/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
FLUORANTHENE increase @ 37.97 ug/l total distance travelled Not Reported Tadpole 20/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Acid tolerance of anuran embryos and larvae from central Ontario

Author(s)
Grant, Karen P. and Lawrence E. Licht
Pages
1-6
Year
Issue
1
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
SULFURIC ACID significant decrease at pH 3.5 and 4.0 hatching success Not Reported 50 eggs/replicate, 6 replicates/group (n=294-312) Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
SULFURIC ACID significant increase at pH 3.5 and 4.0 Not Reported Tadpole 120 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-p-dioxin in larval and adult forms of Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Beatty, Patrick W., Myron A. Holscher and Robert A. Neal
Pages
578-581
Year
Issue
5
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect Not Reported Tadpole 15 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Taylor-Kollros stages I-VII Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect incidence of morphological abnormalities Not Reported Tadpole 15 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Taylor-Kollros stages I-VII Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect Both Male and Female Adult 5 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect histopathological changes in liver, kidney, lung, heart and gonads Both Male and Female Adult 5 animals/group Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Comparative toxicity of diuron on survival and growth of Pacific treefrog, bullfrog, red-legged frog and African clawed frog embryos and tadpoles

Author(s)
Schuytema, G.S. and A.V. Nebeker
Pages
370-376
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
DIURON 12.7 mg/l (95% CI; 9.8 - 16.4) 21 d LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 5/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 15 mo Laboratory
DIURON 7.6 mg/l lowest NOAEL based on body weight endpoint Not Reported Tadpole 5/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 15 mo Laboratory
Citation:

Accumulation, metabolism and toxicity of parathion in tadpoles

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J.
Pages
629-635
Year
Volume
44
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PARATHION no effect Not Reported Tadpole 30 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Acute toxicities of toxaphene and endrin to larvae of seven species of amphibians

Author(s)
Hall, Russell J. and Douglas M. Swineford
Pages
331-336
Year
Volume
8
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
TOXAPHENE (POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENES) 99 ug/l (95% CL: 71-116 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 220 animals Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
ENDRIN 2 ug/l (95% CL: 1-5 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 220 animals Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TOXAPHENE (POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENES) 312 ug/l (95% CL: 225-435 ug/l) EC50; Loss of equilibrium Not Reported Tadpole 220 animals Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
ENDRIN > 40 ug/l EC50; Loss of equilibrium Not Reported Tadpole 220 animals Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

The use of simultaneous multiple species acute toxicity test to compare the relative sensitivities of aquatic organisms to mercury

Author(s)
McCrary, J.E. and M.G. Heagler
Pages
73-81
Year
Volume
A32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
MERCURIC CHLORIDE 63.36 96 hour LC50 (95% Confidence Interval); based on measured concentrations ug Hg/L Not Reported Not Reported 10/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Behavior of tadpoles of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, in response to sublethal lead exposure

Author(s)
Steele, Craig W., Shari Strickler-Shaw and Douglas H. Taylor
Pages
331-344
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
LEAD NITRATE no effect preference/avoidance behavior and spontaneous locomotor activity Not Reported Tadpole 8 animals/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets premetamorphic Laboratory
Citation:

Elevated maintenance costs in an anuran (Rana catesbeiana) exposed to a mixture of trace elements during the embryonic and early larval periods

Author(s)
Rowe, Christopher L., Owen M. Kinney, Roy D. Nagle and Justin D. Congdon
Pages
27-35
Year
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error Lab
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS increase at contaminated, relative to reference site resting oxygen consumption at 25C, measured in the lab ml O2/hr/tadpole Not Reported Tadpole 8-11 Savannah River Toxicity Factor Datasets 80 d
ARSENIC COMPOUNDS, CADMIUM COMPOUNDS, CHROMIUM COMPOUNDS, COPPER COMPOUNDS, SELENIUM COMPOUNDS decrease at contaminated, compared to reference site % survival to 80 d posthatching % Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Savannah River Toxicity Factor Datasets 80 d
Metabolic Rate 0.1582 resting oxygen consumption at 23C ml O2/hr/tadpole Not Reported Tadpole 19 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.009 SE Laboratory
Citation:

Effects of low concentrations of forest-use pesticides on frog embryos and tadpoles

Author(s)
Berrill, Michael, Susan Bertram, Lise McGillivray, Mark Kolohon and Bruce Pauli
Pages
657-664
Year
Issue
4
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
FENITROTHION no effect hatching success Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo; midneurulation stage Laboratory
FENITROTHION no effect avoidance response assessed by daily prodding of newly hatched tadpoles Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo; midneurulation stage Laboratory
TRICLOPYR no effect hatching success Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo; midneurulation stage Laboratory
TRICLOPYR no effect avoidance response assessed by daily prodding of newly hatched tadpoles Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo; midneurulation stage Laboratory
HEXAZINONE no effect hatching success Not Reported Embryo 20 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets embryo; midneurulation stage Laboratory
HEXAZINONE no effect Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-2 d after hatching Laboratory
TRICLOPYR increase at 2.4 and 4.8 mg/l Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-2 d after hatching Laboratory
TRICLOPYR decrease response at 1.2 mg/l avoidance response assessed by daily prodding Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-2 d after hatching Laboratory
FENITROTHION decrease response at 0.5 - 8 mg/l avoidance response assessed by daily prodding Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/replicate; 3 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets 1-2 d after hatching Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of Zectran insecticide to several wildlife species

Author(s)
Tucker, Richard K. and D. Glen Crabtree
Pages
1307-1310
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
MEXACARBATE 283 - 800 mg/kg LD50, estimated Male Not Reported 14 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Toxicity of organochlorine insecticides to the mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis, and the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Mulla, M.S.
Pages
299-303
Year
Issue
4
Volume
23
Chemical Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
HEPTACHLOR increase at 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
ENDOSULFAN increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
CHLORDANE no effect Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
CHLORDECONE (KEPONE) no effect Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
CHLORDANE increase at 0.5 lb/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) increase at 1.0 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
ENDRIN increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
ALDRIN increase at 0.1 and 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
TOXAPHENE (POLYCHLORINATED CAMPHENES) increase at 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
LINDANE increase at 0.5 lbs/acre Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/dose ponds, southern San Joaquin Valley Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute toxicity of permethrin to several aquatic animals

Author(s)
Jolly, Jr., Algie L., James W. Avault, Jr., Kenneth L. Koonce and Jerry B. Graves
Pages
825-827
Year
Issue
6
Volume
107
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
PERMETHRIN 7,033 ug/l (95% CL: 4,129-8,735 ug/l) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 10 animals/replicate; 4 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

3-Trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) toxicity and heptic microsomal UDP-glucuronyltransferase activity in larval and adult bullfrogs

Author(s)
Kane, Andrew S., Wesley W. Day, Renate Reimschuessel and Michael M. Lipsky
Pages
51-60
Year
Volume
27
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) 11.62 mg/kg bw (95% CL: 10.71-13.14) LD50 Not Reported Tadpole 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets Gossner stages 33-38 Laboratory
TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) 15.35 mg/kg bw (95% CL: 8.72-21.98) LD50 Not Reported Adult 7 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) 0.95 mg/l (95% CL: 0.72 - 1.14) LC50 Not Reported Tadpole 5 Toxicity Factor Datasets Gossner stages 33-38 Laboratory
TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) 12.99 mg/l (95% CL: 6.75 - 19.22) LC50 Not Reported Adult 7 Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL (3-, LAMPRECIDE) effect observed at 1.0 - 3.0 mg/l growth development arrested Not Reported Embryo Not Reported Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Sexual dimorphism in bullfrogs

Author(s)
Howard, Richard D.
Pages
303-310
Year
Issue
2
Volume
62
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 1 age after metamorphosis; development of secondary sex characteristics yr Male Adult Not Reported Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity age after metamorphosis when produced eggs yr Female Adult Not Reported Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality Non-breeding season survival; measured as # that returned to breed/# known to be alive at end of previous breeding season % Both Male and Female Adult 25 - 54 Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Temperature and the balance between aerial and aquatic respiration in larvae of Rana berlandieri and Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Burggren, Warren W., Martin E. Feder, and Alan W. Pinder
Pages
263-273
Year
Issue
2
Volume
56
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Metabolic Rate 178.2 Mean total oxygen uptake (skin + gills + lungs) measured at 25C, tadpole mean body weight = 5.74 g ul O2/g/hr Not Reported Tadpole 5 Exposure Factor Datasets 36.7 Laboratory
Citation:

Intersexual differences in growth, mortality, and size at maturity in bullfrogs in central Ontario

Author(s)
Shirose, L.J., R.J. Brooks, J.R. Barta and S.S. Desser
Pages
2363-2369
Year
Issue
12
Volume
71
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Countries Error
Longevity Maximum estimated age yr Both Male and Female Adult 567 Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] Exposure Factor Datasets CANADA
Growth Rate 0.0653 mm/d Both Male and Female 16 Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 0 yr CANADA 0.01465 SE
Growth Rate 0.1056 mm/d Both Male and Female 34 Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 1 yr CANADA 0.01427 SE
Growth Rate 0.1322 mm/d Female 44 Algonquin Provincal Park, Ontario [lat., 45^o35'N; long., 78^o30'W] Exposure Factor Datasets 2 yr CANADA 0.1109 SE
Citation:

Relation of body size and surface area to gas exchange in anurans

Author(s)
Hutchinson, Victor H., W.G. Whitford and M. Kohl
Pages
65-85
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Surface Area SA = 0.953W^0.725 Area of removed skin measured, equation based on weight (W) in grams cm2 Not Reported Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate 29.36 Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 15C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 27.74 Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 15C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported Not Reported 4 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Age, growth, and homing in the bullfrog

Author(s)
Durham, Leonard and George W. Bennett
Pages
107-123
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific
Body Weight - Mean 0.80 lbs Not Reported 5 Ridge Lake, Charleston, Coles County Exposure Factor Datasets end of 6th yr
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning mo Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported Ridge Lake, Charleston, Coles County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana Shaw, in the lower Colorado River, Arizona-California

Author(s)
Clarkson, Robert W. and James C. deVos, Jr.
Pages
42-49
Year
Volume
20
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning time to metamorphosis from first breeding clutch mo Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis Aug. - Oct. metamorphosis period for first breeding clutch Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis Aug. - Oct. or Mar. - Apr. of following yr. time to metamorphosis for second clutch Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth rates of some ranids under natural conditions

Author(s)
Ryan, Richard A.
Pages
73-80
Year
Issue
2
Volume
1953
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning yr Both Male and Female Tadpole Not Reported Ithaca Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis July - Oct. Both Male and Female Tadpole Not Reported Ithaca Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Seasonal changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic responses to temperature and hypoxia in the bullfrog Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Rocha, Priscila L. and Luiz G.S. Branco
Pages
761-768
Year
Volume
201
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figure of oxygen consumption at various body temperatures within seasons Both Male and Female Adult 6/group Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Survival rate, population density and development of a naturally occurring anuran larvae (Rana catesbeiana)

Author(s)
Cecil, Stephen G. and John J. Just
Pages
447-453
Year
Volume
1979
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Survival/ Mortality Range of mean survival of larvae % Not Reported Tadpole 3 sampling periods, 20,000 animals Coldstream Pond and Fred Pond, northeast of Lexington, [38o06'23"N, 84o30'08"W] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Intrapopulation variation in the body size at metamorphosis and timing of metamorphosis in the bullfrog

Author(s)
Collins, James P.
Pages
738-749
Year
Issue
4
Volume
60
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean See paper for weight to developmental stage relationship (Gosner stages 27-40) g Not Reported Tadpole 120 Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve, Livingston County [lat., 42.5N] Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning Referred to as "age at transformation"; range of snout-vent length at transformation = 35-57 mm mo Not Reported Tadpole 1051 Crane Pond, E.S. George Reserve, Livingston County [lat., 42.5N] Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Aerial activity oxygen consumption during metamorphosis of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana

Author(s)
Hillman, Stanley S. and Malcom S. Lea
Pages
407-410
Year
Issue
2
Volume
1983
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate see citation figures of aerial activity oxygen consumption and body weights at different developmental stages Not Reported Tadpole 59 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:

Overwintering behavior of adult bullfrogs, Rana catesbeiana, in northeastern Ohio

Author(s)
Stinner, John, Nicholas Zarlinga and Scott Orcutt
Pages
8-13
Year
Issue
1
Volume
94
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - April Not Reported Adult 6 Seiberling Naturealm, Summit County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Postmetamorphic growth in anurans

Author(s)
Turner, F.B.
Pages
327-338
Year
Volume
64
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Growth Rate review see citation for review of growth rates based on size estimates Both Male and Female Adult, Tadpole Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth responses of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, fed various live foods

Author(s)
Modzelewski, Edward H., Jr, and Dudley D. Culley, Jr.
Pages
396-405
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Food Ingestion Rate 7.1 mean % body weight consumed per day, body weight mean = 17.5 g % Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets 1 mo post-transformation Laboratory
Citation:

The reproductive behavior of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana)

Author(s)
Ryan, Michael J.
Pages
108-114
Year
Volume
1980
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Territory Size 4.1 Mean distance between territorial males m Male Adult 31 Basking Pond, Great Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, Morris County Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Do frogs drink?

Author(s)
Bentley, P.J. and T. Yorio
Pages
41-46
Year
Volume
79
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Error Lab
Water Ingestion Rate 0.18 "drinking" measured as 125I-iothalamate uptake in gut after 2 hrs ml/100 g/hr Not Reported Tadpole 8 Exposure Factor Datasets 0.02 SE Laboratory
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