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Athene cunicularia

Citation:

Comparative diets of burrowing owls in Oregon and Washington

Author(s)
Green, Gregory A., Richard E. Fitzner, Robert G. Anthony and Lee E. Rogers
Pages
88-93
Year
Issue
2
Volume
67
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition vertebrate (89.9%), invertebrate (10.1%) diet composition by percent biomass in pellets Both Male and Female Adult Columbia Basin 769 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Artificial burrows provide new insight into burrowing owl nesting biology

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J. and Lawrence J. Blus
Pages
82-85
Year
Issue
3
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 8-12 eggs/clutch Female Adult Umatillo and Morrow counties 4 burrows Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success based on number of young observed at burrow 80-91 % Both Male and Female Hatchling Umatillo and Morrow counties 4 burrows Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying April Female Adult Umatillo and Morrow counties 4 burrows Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Trends in the winter distribution and abundance of burrowing owls in North America

Author(s)
James, Paul C. and Thomas J. Ethier
Pages
1224-1225
Year
Issue
4
Volume
43
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Population Density 7.8 based on Christmas bird counts 1954-1986 2.3 (SD) per 1,000 mi Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nesting raptors along the Columbia River in north-central Washington

Author(s)
Knight, Richard L., Dwight G. Smith and Albert Erickson
Pages
2-8
Year
Volume
63
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density 2 pairs/6669 ha Both Male and Female Adult Columbia River Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 2.5 young/occupied nest Both Male and Female Adult Columbia River Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Food habits of the burrowing owl in central Oregon

Author(s)
Maser, Chris, E. Wayne Hammer and Stanley H. Anderson
Pages
19-26
Year
Issue
1
Volume
45
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition mammals (85), insects (170), birds (3), spiders (0), reptiles (1) number of prey items found in sample pellets Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Crooked River National Grassland 60 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition mammals (28), insects (22) number of prey items found in sample pellets Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Crooked River National Grassland 20 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition mammals (414), insects (259), birds (3), spiders (2) number of prey items found in sample pellets Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Crooked River National Grassland 228 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition mammals (50), insects (108), birds (1) number of prey items found in sample pellets Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Crooked River National Grassland 39 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Selected aspects of burrowing owl ecology and behavior

Author(s)
Martin, Dennis J.
Pages
446-456
Year
Volume
75
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 78 total number of young observed on study site young/study site Both Male and Female Juvenile Albuquerque 15 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 4.9 fledglings/pair Both Male and Female Fledgling Albuquerque 15 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal August (begin) Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Albuquerque 15 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying third week of March (begin) Female Adult Albuquerque 15 pairs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Sexual size dimorphism, mate choice, and productivity of burrowing owls

Author(s)
Plumpton, David L and R. Scott Lutz
Pages
724-727
Year
Issue
3
Volume
111
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 146 1.9 (SE) g Male Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area 38 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 156 3.6 (SE) g Female Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area 31 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 4.38 mean productivity 2-10 chicks/nesting territory Both Male and Female Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Area 33 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavior and ecology of burrowing owls on the Oakland Municipal Airport

Author(s)
Thomsen, Lise
Pages
177-192
Year
Volume
73
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition mammals (18.9%), birds (3.9%), insects (29.9%), vegetation (71.3%) mean percent occurrence in pellets Both Male and Female Not Reported Oakland Airport 209 pellets Exposure Factor Datasets

Lithobates catesbeianus

Citation:

Influence of temperature acclimation on oxygen consumption, haemodyamics and oxygen transport in bullfrogs

Author(s)
Weathers, Wesley W.
Pages
321-330
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 608 - 646 g Not Reported Adult 8 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bullfrog food and growth at the San Joaquin Experimental Range, California

Author(s)
Cohen, Nathan W. and Walter E. Howard
Pages
223-225
Year
Volume
1958
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning time to complete from egg through metamorphosis 6 - 7 mo Not Reported Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range, O'Neals 300 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 15 - 200 g Not Reported Not Reported San Joaquin Experimental Range, O'Neals 300 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age, growth, and homing in the bullfrog

Author(s)
Durham, Leonard and George W. Bennett
Pages
107-123
Year
Volume
27
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Torpor or Hibernation Oct. - Mar. Not Reported Tadpole Ridge Lake, Charleston, Coles County Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

The bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana Shaw, in the lower Colorado River, Arizona-California

Author(s)
Clarkson, Robert W. and James C. deVos, Jr.
Pages
42-49
Year
Volume
20
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying early Apr. (begin), late Apr. - early May and late May - early June (peaks), July (end) breeding season Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams 100 Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning time to metamorphosis from first breeding clutch 3 - 6 mo Not Reported Tadpole lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis Aug. - Oct. metamorphosis period for first breeding clutch Not Reported Tadpole lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis Aug. - Oct. or Mar. - Apr. of following yr. time to metamorphosis for second clutch Not Reported Tadpole lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 1 - 2 yr Not Reported Adult lower Colorado River between Laguna and Morelos Dams Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A comparison of spring food habits of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, in three habitats of central Arkansas

Author(s)
McKamie, J.A. and G.A. Heidt
Pages
107-111
Year
Issue
1
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean range of mean body weights 249 - 252 g Not Reported Not Reported streams, ponds, strip pits in Pulaski, Loanoke and Saline counties 29 - 62 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Relation of body size and surface area to gas exchange in anurans

Author(s)
Hutchinson, Victor H., W.G. Whitford and M. Kohl
Pages
65-85
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Metabolic Rate 17.02 Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 5C 5.3 - 39.4 ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 9 Exposure Factor Datasets
Metabolic Rate 24.56 Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 5C 18.3 - 36.6 ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 9 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Growth responses of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, fed various live foods

Author(s)
Modzelewski, Edward H., Jr, and Dudley D. Culley, Jr.
Pages
396-405
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Food Ingestion Rate 5.9 mean % body weight consumed per day, body weight mean = 29.8 g % Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 4.0 mean % body weight consumed per day, body weight mean = 42.4 g % Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Food Ingestion Rate 3.3 mean % body weight consumed per day, body weight mean = 55.8 g % Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 10.7 6.0 - 18.7 g Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 17.5 13.1 - 41.6 g Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 29.8 18.5 - 51.6 g Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 42.4 27.6 - 77.2 g Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 55.8 40.5 - 100.8 g Not Reported Juvenile 25 Exposure Factor Datasets

Citation:

Prey selection and food habits of burrowing owls in Colorado

Author(s)
Plumpton, David L. and R. Scott Lutz
Pages
299-304
Year
Issue
3
Volume
53
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition rodents (33.4%), invertebrates (55.6%), other (10.7%) percent occurrence of prey items in pellets Both Male and Female Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal 47 burrows Exposure Factor Datasets
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OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment