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Citation:
Author(s)
Batt, Bruce D.J., and Harold H. Prince
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Time of Nesting |
April-June |
date of nest initiation |
Female |
Adult |
151 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Dwyer, Chris P. and Guy A. Baldassare
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Clutch or Litter Size |
9.3 |
|
1.3 (SD) |
eggs |
Female |
Adult |
Adirondack Mountains |
18 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Duration of Incubation or Gestation |
28 |
|
|
d |
Female |
Adult |
Adirondack Mountains |
18 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Hatching Success |
67% |
proportion of tagged females that hatched clutches |
|
|
Female |
Adult |
Adirondack Mountains |
18 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
88% |
survival of tagged females over the breeding period |
|
|
Female |
Adult |
Adirondack Mountains |
22 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Duration of Incubation or Gestation |
28 |
d |
Both Male and Female |
Embryo |
lower Flathead Valley |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Delnicki, D. and K.J. Reinecke
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Body Weight - Mean |
1,239 |
|
3 (SE) |
1181-1314 |
g |
Male |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
Mississippi Alluvial Valley |
1,477 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
1,079 |
|
4 (SE) |
1,040-1,139 |
g |
Female |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
Mississippi Alluvial Valley |
641 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
animal (3.0%), plant (97.0%) |
percent composition of esopageal food samples |
|
|
|
Both Male and Female |
Both Adults and Juveniles |
Mississippi Alluvial Valley |
2,118 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Chura, Nicholas J.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
flora (2.6%), fauna (97.4%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (10.5%), fauna (89.5%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (25.3%), fauna (74.7%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (50.6%), fauna (49.4%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (71%), fauna (29%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (89.4%), fauna (10.6%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (99.1%), fauna (0.92%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
flora (99.9%), fauna (0.08%) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
Bear River Migratory Bird Refuge |
94 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Lokemoen, John T., Douglas H. Johnson and David E. Sharp
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Growth Rate |
0.0692 |
growth rate estimated from logistic growth curve |
0.0030 (SE) |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
central North Dakota |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Chu, D.S. and J.B. Hestbeck
Publisher
U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Fish and Wildlife Technical Report 20
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.6279 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 |
0.009 (SE) |
Male |
Adult |
Northern California |
18,289 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.5664 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 |
0.0263 (SE) |
Male |
Adult |
Central California |
776 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.5390 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 |
0.0228 (SE) |
Male |
Juvenile |
Northern California |
11,372 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.3948 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 |
0.0458 (SE) |
Male |
Juvenile |
Central California |
1,396 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.5447 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 |
0.0128 (SE) |
Female |
Adult |
Northern California |
13,704 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.5462 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 |
0.0561 (SE) |
Female |
Adult |
Central California |
1,240 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.5626 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1966-1985 |
0.0445 (SE) |
Female |
Juvenile |
Central California |
8,205 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Survival/ Mortality |
0.3948 |
survival estimates for birds banded 1972-1981 |
0.0458 (SE) |
Female |
Juvenile |
Central California |
1,396 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Sugden, Lawson G., E.A. Driver and Michael C.S. Kingsley
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Error |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Sample Size |
Type |
Growth Rate |
222 |
maximum growth rate based on body weight |
|
g/wk |
Male |
Juvenile |
63 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Growth Rate |
195 |
maximum growth rate based on body weight |
|
g/wk |
Female |
Juvenile |
72 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Food Ingestion Rate |
376.2 |
food intake of 8 week old mallards |
25.6 (SE) |
g/wk |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
15 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Metabolic Rate |
191 |
metabolized energy in 8 week old mallards |
|
kcal/d |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
15 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean |
936.1 |
mean body weight of 8 week old mallards |
|
g |
Both Male and Female |
Juvenile |
15 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Barrows, Cameron W.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
Dipodomys sp (8-18%), Perognathus sp (4-29%), insects (53-75%), crayfish (0-9%), reptiles (0-5%), birds (0-1%) |
frequency of occurence in pellets |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Coachella Valley |
3 burrows |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Brown, Barbara A., John O. Whitaker, Thomas W. French and Chris Maser
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
vertebrates (14.3%), invertebrates (85.7%) |
percent of diet based on pellet analysis |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Malheur county |
150 pellets |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Coulombe, Harry N.
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Description |
Range |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Population Density |
breeding season density based on roadside censuses |
12-13 |
birds/mi^2 |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Imperial Valley |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Population Density |
fall/winter season density based on roadside censuses |
3-4 |
birds/mi^2 |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Imperial Valley |
Not Reported |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Desante, D.F., E. Ruhlen, S. Amin, and K.M. Burton
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Units |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Population Density |
925 |
estimate of number of pairs in census area |
pairs/43,235 km^2 |
Both Male and Female |
Not Reported |
San Francisco Bay and Central Valley areas |
198 UTM blocks censused |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Green, Gregory A and Robert G. Anthony
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Fledging or Weaning Rate |
50-57% |
percent of occupied nests that fledged young |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Gilliam, Morrow, and Umatilla counties |
63-76 nests |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition |
arthropods (92%), vertebrates (8%) |
percent occurrence in diet based on pellet analysis |
Both Male and Female |
Not Reported |
Gilliam, Morrow, and Umatilla counties |
5,559 pellets |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Green, Gregory A., Richard E. Fitzner, Robert G. Anthony and Lee E. Rogers
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Sex |
Life Cycle Stage |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
vertebrate (86.7%), invertebrate (13.3%) |
diet composition by percent biomass in pellets |
Both Male and Female |
Adult |
Columbia Basin |
pellets 5,559 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Citation:
Author(s)
Gleason, R.L. and T.H. Craig
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type |
Endpoint Value |
Endpoint Description |
Location |
Sample Size |
Type |
Dietary Composition |
mammal (68%), bird (1%), amphibian (3%), arachnids (4%), insects (25%) |
percent biomass from pellet analyses |
Idaho National Engineering Laboratory Site |
421 |
Exposure Factor Datasets |
Comment