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Anas platyrhynchos

Citation:

Effects of mercury and selenium on glutathione metabolism and oxidative stress in mallards

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., and Gary H. Heinz
Pages
161-166
Year
Issue
2
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg + 10 ppm Se thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in brain versus controls Male Adult 12/treatment 0, 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg plus 10 ppm Se in diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects April 1-June 16 diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE 3.4(0.22) ppm @ 10 ppm Se; 5.2(0.44) ppm @ 10 ppm Hg + 10 ppm Se mean (SE) wet wt Se concentrations in brain Male Adult 12/treatment 0, 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg plus 10 ppm Se in diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation April 1-June 16 diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
METHYLMERCURY CHLORIDE, SELENOMETHIONINE 17.9(1.06) ppm @ 10 ppm Hg; 14.1(0.74) ppm @ 10 ppm Hg + 10 ppm Se mean (SE) wet wt Hg concentrations in brain Male Adult 12/treatment 0, 10 ppm Hg, 10 ppm Se, 10 ppm Hg plus 10 ppm Se in diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation April 1-June 16 diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Acute toxicity of ingested bismuth alloy shot in game-farm mallards

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey D. Brawn and James W. Seets
Pages
185-215
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS no effect mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 20 males, 20 females per group 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-MORT - dose-response data 30 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS no effect body weight, organ weights (liver, kidney, gonads, gizzard) or hematocrit versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 20 males, 20 females per group 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 30 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS 6.86(0.99) ppm, kidneys; 2.23(0.492) ppm, liver; 0.468(0.277) ppm, gonads mean(SE) wet wt Bi concentration in organs of Bi-treated birds Both Male and Female Adult 20 males, 20 females per group 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 30 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS 145(6.0) ppm, kidneys; 1086(72) ppm, liver; 32.1(6.3) ppm, gonads mean(SE) wet wt Fe concentration in organs of Fe-treated birds Both Male and Female Adult 20 males, 20 females per group 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 30 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS no effect histopathological lesions in gonads, liver, kidneys versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 20 males, 20 females per group 0, six #4 iron or bismuth shot; see paper for retention and dissolution of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 30 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Toxicity of ingested bismuth alloy shot in game-farm mallards: Chronic health effects and effects on reproduction

Author(s)
Sanderson, Glen C., William L. Anderson, George L. Foley, Karen L. Duncan, Loretta M. Skowron, Jeffrey D. Brawn and James W. Seets
Pages
217-252
Year
Volume
35
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) increased with Pb, no effect with Fe or Bi mortality versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-MORT - dose-response data up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) decreased with Pb; no effect with Fe or Bi body weight, gonad weight, hematocrit versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) increased with Pb; no effect with Fe or Bi gizzard and kidney weight versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) decreased with Pb liver weight versus controls (females only) Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no effect with Fe or Bi onset of lay and time to lay 21 eggs versus controls Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - physiology up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) increased with Fe weight of eggs that hatched versus controls Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - physiology up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) increased with Bi weight of eggs that did not hatch versus controls Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - physiology up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) decreased with Bi weight of hatchlings versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - reproductive success up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no effect with Fe or Bi survival to 7 d, organ histopathology, hematocrit, sex ratios, kidney or liver weights of ducklings versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - reproductive success up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no effect with Fe or Bi egg weight, eggshell thickness, fertility, hatchability versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-REPRO - reproductive success up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) no effect with Fe or Bi histopathology of kidney, liver, testis, heart, lung versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) 213(27.1) ppm, kidney; 91(4.55) ppm, liver; 9.8(3.22) ppm, ovary; 3.49(0.61) ppm, testis mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Pb in Pb-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-EXP IND - accumulation up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) 237(17.2) ppm, kidney; 1936(233) ppm, liver; 90.6(6.85) ppm, ovary; 13.1(1.29) ppm, testis mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Fe in Fe-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-EXP IND - accumulation up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
BISMUTH COMPOUNDS, IRON COMPOUNDS, LEAD (elemental) 1.54(0.280) ppm, kidney; 0.637(0.134) ppm, liver; 0.042(0.007) ppm, ovary; 0.098(0.042) ppm, testis mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of Bi in Bi-dosed birds Both Male and Female Adult 18 pairs/group (control, Fe, Bi); 6 pairs/Pb group 0, eight #4 iron, bismuth, or lead shot, administered on Days 1, 30, 60, 90; see paper for dissolution and retention of shot in gizzards of treated birds TOX-EXP IND - accumulation up to 150 d oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Erythrocyte d-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity in mallard ducks: Duration of inhibition after lead shot dosage.

Author(s)
Dieter, M.P. and M.T. Finley
Pages
621-625
Year
Issue
3
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) decreased blood ALAD enzyme activity after 1,2, or 3 months versus pre-dose controls Both Male and Female Adult laboratory 20 per sex 1 lead shot (no. 4) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects single exposure gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) increased blood Pb concentrations versus pre-dose controls Both Male and Female Adult laboratory 20 per sex 1 lead shot (no. 4) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single exposure gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Delayed neurotoxicity in the wild mallard duckling caused by organophosphorus insecticides cyanofenphos and leptophos

Author(s)
Soliman, S.A., N.S. Ahmed, K.S. El-Gendy, A.S. El-Bakary and A.H. El-Sebae
Pages
401-411
Year
Issue
5
Volume
B21
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CYANOFENPHOS increased incidence of delayed neurotoxicity signs Both Male and Female Juvenile laboratory 10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 90 days gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
CYANOFENPHOS increased (30% @ 10 mg leptophos/kg/d; 10% @ 0.5 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d; 0% @ 1.0 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d; 20% @ 2.0 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d ;60% @ 4.0 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d; 100% @ 8.0 mg cyanofenphos/kg/d mortality versus controls) Both Male and Female Juvenile laboratory 10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d TOX-MORT - dose-response data 90 days gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
CYANOFENPHOS decreased @ 2.0, 4.0 mg/kg/d bw versus controls Both Male and Female Juvenile laboratory 10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 90 days gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
CYANOFENPHOS increased @ 2.0, or 4.0 mg cyanofen/kg/d, 10 mg leptophos/kg/d. incidence of histological lesions in axons and myelin sheaths Both Male and Female Juvenile laboratory 10 0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0 mg/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 90 days gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Subchronic effects of sodium selenite and selenomethionine on several immune functions in mallards.

Author(s)
Fairbrother, A. and J. Fowles
Pages
836-844
Year
Volume
19
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENOMETHIONINE decreased incidence of delayed hypersensitivity reactions to antigen versus controls Male Adult Laboratory Controls = 24 Treated = 8 0, 2.2 mg Se/L TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 12 weeks Drinking water Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENITE, SODIUM, SELENOMETHIONINE decreased blood monocyte counts after 78 days exposure versus controls Male Adult Laboratory Controls = 24 Treated = 8 0, 0.5, 3.5 mg Se/L (sodium selenite); 2.2 mg Se/L (selenomethionine) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 12 weeks Drinking water Toxicity Factor Datasets

Citation:

Toxicity of lead-contaminated sediment to mallards

Author(s)
Heinz, G.H., D.J. Hoffman, L. Sileo, D.J. Audet, and L.J. LeCaptain
Pages
323-333
Year
Volume
36
Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
0.99(0.050) ppm @ 103 ug/g Pb; 1.7(0.18) ppm @ 207 ug/g Pb; 2.9(0.27) ppm @ 414 ug/g Pb; 6.1(0.97) ppm @ 828 ug/g Pb mean(SE) wet wt concentrations of lead in blood at 10 wks post-dose TOX-EXP IND - accumulation Toxicity Factor Datasets

Lanius ludovicianus

Citation:

Loggerhead Shrike (Lanius ludovicianus)

Author(s)
Yosef, Reuven
Pages
1-27
Publisher
The Academy of Natural Sciences and The American Ornithologists' Union
Year
Issue
231
Chemical Endpoint Value Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
DIELDRIN review TOX-MORT - dose-response data Toxicity Factor Datasets

Falco sparverius

Citation:

Selenium accumulation and effects on reproduction in captive American kestrels fed selenomethionine

Author(s)
Santolo, Gary M., Julie T. Yamamoto, Jacqueline M. Pisenti, Barry W. Wilson
Pages
502-511
Year
Issue
2
Volume
63
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
SELENOMETHIONINE blood Se concentration = 1.307 + 0.852(diet Se concentration) relation between Se concentrations in blood (dry wt) and diet (dry wt) Male Adult 40 birds 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE egg Se concentration = 1.307 + 0.852(diet Se concentration) relation between Se concentrations in egg (dry wt) and diet (dry wt) Female Adult 53 eggs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE increased @ 6 or 12 ppm Se food consumption versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - behavioral effects 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect percent of pairs that laid eggs, number of fertile pairs and egg hatchability versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect egg mass, width, length, and volume versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-REPRO - physiology 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE reduced @ 12 ppm Se ratio of # fertile eggs to total # eggs laid versus 6 ppm Se group Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect incidence of embryo deformities versus controls Both Male and Female Adult 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-REPRO - development 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
SELENOMETHIONINE no effect chick mass and size at hatch, and chick survival to fledging versus controls Both Male and Female Adult, Juvenile 15 pairs/treatment group; 10 control pairs 0,6, 12 ppm, dry wt, Se in diet TOX-REPRO - development 11 wks diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
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