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Falco sparverius

Citation:

Reproductive and morphological effects of o,p-dicofol on two generations of captive American kestrels

Author(s)
MacLellan, K.N.M., D.M. Bird, D.M. Fry, and J.L. Cowles
Pages
364-372
Year
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DICOFOL increased @ 5 mg/kg numbers of chicks or eggs lost (destroyed) by breeding male and female offspring of dicofol-treated females versus controls Female Adult 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - development daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL no effect eggshell thickness for breeding female offspring of dicofol-treated females versus controls Female Adult 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - physiology daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
DICOFOL increased @ 5 mg/kg bw incidence of abnormal gonads in male offspring of dicofol-treated females versus controls Male Adult 10/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - development daily, throughout breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Behavior of captive American kestrels hatched from o,p-dicofol exposed females

Author(s)
MacLellan, K.N.M., D.M. Bird, L.J. Shutt, and D.M. Fry
Pages
411-415
Year
Volume
32
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DICOFOL increased incidence of abnormal behavior in adult offspring of treated females Both Male and Female Adult 10 pairs/group 0,5,20 mg/kg bw TOX-REPRO - behavior daily, throughout the breeding season gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Developmental Toxicity of PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-Pentachlorobiphenyl) in nestling American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Mark J. Melancon, Patrice N. Klein, Clifford P. Rice, John D. Eisemann, Randy K. Hines, James W. Spann, and Grey W. Pendleton
Pages
188-200
Year
Volume
34
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased @ 250, 1000 ng/g bw body and organ growth versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 50,250,1000 ng/g bw incidence and severity of lesions in liver, spleen, bursa, thyroid versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased plasma enzyme activities indicative of hepatotoxicity versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) no effect hematocrit and hemoglobin values versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 50,250,1000 ng/g bw hepatic monooxygenase activities versus controls Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) in ng/g, wet wt: 156 (@ 50 ng/g), 380 (@ 250 ng/g), 1098 (@1000 ng/g) concentration in liver Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) positive correlation relationship between hepatic PCB 126 concentrations and ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione Not Reported Nestling 9-11/group 0,50,250,1000 g/ng bw TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects 10 d gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative developmental toxicity of planar polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in chickens, American kestrels, and common terns

Author(s)
Hoffman, David J., Mark J. Melancon, Patrice N. Klein, John D. Eisemann, and James W. Spann
Pages
747-757
Year
Issue
4
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 233 ng/g percent hatching success, percent pipped versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 0.23, 2.3, 23, 233 ng/g egg weight TOX-MORT - dose-response data single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 233 ng/g liver weight, radius and femur length versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 0.23, 2.3, 23, 233 ng/g egg weight TOX-REPRO - development single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 2.3, 23, 233 ng/g incidence of malformations or edema, and EROD activity versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 0.23, 2.3, 23, 233 ng/g egg weight TOX-REPRO - development single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 100, 1000 ng/g percent hatching success, percent pipped versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 100, 1000 ng/g egg weight TOX-MORT - dose-response data single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) reduced @ 1000 ng/g humerus length versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 100, 1000 ng/g egg weight TOX-REPRO - development single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 100, 1000 ng/g incidence of malformations or edema, and EROD activity versus controls Not Reported Hatchling 24-26/treatment group 0, 100, 1000 ng/g egg weight TOX-REPRO - development single dose at incubation day 6 egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparative toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyls to Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) and American kestrels (Falco sparverius)

Author(s)
Elliot, John E., Sean W. Kennedy, Angela Lorenzen
Pages
57-75
Year
Volume
51
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 77 liver weight (as percent of body weight) versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0; 250 mg/kg bw (PCB 77 or PCB 153); 25 mg/kg bw (PCB 126); 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg bw (Aroclor 1254) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with Aroclor 1254 coproporphyrin levels in liver versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0; 250 mg/kg bw (PCB 77 or PCB 153); 25 mg/kg bw (PCB 126); 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg bw (Aroclor 1254) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 77 liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0; 250 mg/kg bw (PCB 77 or PCB 153); 25 mg/kg bw (PCB 126); 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg bw (Aroclor 1254) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased with PCB 153 liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0; 250 mg/kg bw (PCB 77 or PCB 153); 25 mg/kg bw (PCB 126); 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg bw (Aroclor 1254) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254, PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 153 (2,2',4,4',5,5'-HEXACHLOROBIPHENYL), PCB 77 (3,3',4,4'-TETRACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased with PCB 126 liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0; 250 mg/kg bw (PCB 77 or PCB 153); 25 mg/kg bw (PCB 126); 100, 250 or 500 mg/kg bw (Aroclor 1254) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254 increased after 4 or 12 weeks aminopyrine N-demethylase and aldrin epoxidase activities versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0, 7 mg/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects daily for 4, 8 or 12 weeks oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets
AROCLOR 1254 decreased after 4 weeks liver ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase activity versus controls Female Adult 4/treatment group 0, 7 mg/kg/d TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects daily for 4, 8 or 12 weeks oral gavage Toxicity Factor Datasets

Phalacrocorax auritus

Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin injected into the yolks of double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs prior to incubation

Author(s)
Powell, Debra, Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Don E. Tillitt, Mary E. Kelly, Kenneth L. Stromborg, Mark J. Melancon, Scott D. Fitzgerald, and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
2035-2040
Year
Issue
10
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased @ 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg mortality in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 1.3, 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg TOX-MORT - dose-response data 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg mortality in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 70, 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg TOX-MORT - dose-response data 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) 4.0 ug/kg egg (0.8-7.2) LD50 (95% confidence limits) Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 1.3, 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) 177 ug/kg egg (77-264) LD50 (95% confidence limits) Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 70, 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg TOX-MORT - toxicity benchmarks 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) no effect incidence of developmental abnormalities, edema, body weight effects, spleen or gonad histopathologic anomalies, or sex ratio in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 70, 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) no effect incidence of developmental abnormalities, edema, body weight effects, spleen or gonad histopathologic anomalies, or sex ratio in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 1.3, 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) increased @ all doses hepatic EROD activity in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 1.3, 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) increased @ all doses hepatic EROD activity in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 70, 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
PCB 126 (3,3',4,4',5-PENTACHLOROBIPHENYL) decreased @ 349 ug/kg egg spleen weights in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 70, 175, 349, 698 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN (2,3,7,8-) decreased @ 5.4, 11.7 ug/kg egg spleen weights in treated embryos versus controls Not Reported Embryo Lake Winnipegosis, Manitoba 83-86 eggs/treatment 0, 1.3, 5.4, 10.7, 11.7 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development 26-28 d egg yolk injection Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of 3,3',4,4',5-pentacholorobiphenyl (PCB 126), 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), or an extract derived from field-collected cormorant eggs injected into double-crested cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) eggs

Author(s)
Powell, Debra C., Richard J. Aulerich, John C. Meadows, Donald E. Tillit, Jon F. Powell, Janelle C. Restum, Kenneth L. Stromborg, John P. Giesy and Steven J. Bursian
Pages
1450-1455
Year
Issue
7
Volume
16
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS increased @ 5 ug/kg weight of heart, liver and spleen versus controls Not Reported Embryo 15-60/group 0,5,10,25,50,100,200,400,800 ug/kg egg TOX-REPRO - development incubation period egg injection Toxicity Factor Datasets

Athene cunicularia, Bubo virginianus

Citation:

Effects of pesticides on owls in North America

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J.
Pages
198-206
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
CARBARYL, CARBOFURAN, DDE (4,4'-) review TOX-REPRO - reproductive success Toxicity Factor Datasets

Bubo virginianus

Citation:

Effects of pesticides on owls in North America

Author(s)
Blus, Lawrence J.
Pages
198-206
Year
Issue
4
Volume
30
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Toxicity Endpoint Type Type
ALDRIN, BRODIFACOUM, CARBOFURAN, CHLORDANE, DIELDRIN, ENDRIN, FAMPHUR, FENTHION, PHORATE, STRYCHNINE review summaries of mortality due to organochlorine, anticholinesterase, anticoagulant, strychnine pesticides Not Reported Not Reported TOX-MORT - mortality in the field Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Productivity and survival of great horned owls exposed to dieldrin

Author(s)
Frank, Rosemary A. and R. Scott Lutz
Pages
331-339
Year
Volume
101
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DIELDRIN no effect productivity in contaminated versus uncontaminated sites Both Male and Female Adult Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge 3-4 nests on contaminated sites; 5-9 nests on uncontaminated sites 0.18 ppm (uncontaminated), 1.15 ppm (contaminated) in soil within adult home ranges TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR habitat contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN negative correlation relationship between residue in plasma and survival Not Reported Juvenile Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge 6 birds (contaminated sites), 10 birds (uncontaminated sites) 0.01 ppm (uncontaminated), 0.22 ppm (contaminated) in plasma TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR habitat contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
DIELDRIN no effect daily and interval survival estimates on uncontaminated versus contaminated sites Not Reported Juvenile Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge 14 birds on contaminated sites; 41 birds on uncontaminated sites 0.18 ppm (uncontaminated), 1.15 ppm (contaminated) in soil within adult home ranges TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR habitat contamination Toxicity Factor Datasets
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