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Lithobates catesbeianus

Citation:

Oxygen uptake in bullfrog tadpoles (Rana catesbeiana)

Author(s)
Crowder, William C., Minghua Nie and Gordon R. Ultsch
Pages
121-134
Year
Volume
280
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Metabolic Rate see citation figures of oxygen consumption of submerged tadpoles measured at various oxygen tensions and pre-metamorphic stages ul/g/hr Not Reported Tadpole 10/group Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Foods of some Kentucky herptiles

Author(s)
Bush, Francis M.
Pages
73-77
Year
Volume
15
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Decapoda: Astacidae (47.7%); Lepidoptera (19.0%); Coleoptera: Lampryidae (5.8%); Chrysomelidae (5.8%); Carabidae (4.1%); Curculionidae (0.3%); Chilopoda (7.7%); sand, gravel (1.2%); unidentified (1%) % volume of stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported Breathitt and Perry counties 18 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Economics, adult feeding and larval growth of Rana catesbeiana on a fish hatchery

Author(s)
Corse, Wayne A. and Dean E. Metter
Pages
231-238
Year
Volume
14
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition frogs (12.1%); goldfish (30.3%); gastropods (12.4%); crayfish (9.3%); arachnida (4.4%); coleoptera adult (10.6%); hemiptera (8.2%); orthoptera (8.7%) % of stomachs containing major (>4%) food items % Not Reported Adult goldfish pond, Richland 772 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition frogs (13.0%); shiners (27.5%); gastropods (16.1%); crayfish (16.3%); arachnida (4.5%); coleoptera adult (10.5%); hemiptera (13.5%); orthoptera (5.8%); lepidoptera larvae (4.5%); odonata adult (4.2%) % of stomachs containing major (>4%) food items % Not Reported Adult bait minnow pond, Richland 553 Exposure Factor Datasets

Ensatina eschscholtzii

Citation:

Foods of Plethodon larselli, Plethodon dunni and Ensatina eschscholtzi in the Columbia River Gorge, Multnomah County, Oregon

Author(s)
Altig, Ronald and Edmund D. Brodie, Jr.
Pages
226-228
Year
Volume
85
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition gastropoda (1.5%); annelida (1.5%); acarina (10.0%); araneida (17.7%); non-insect arthropods (16.9%); collembola (16.2%); hemiptera (8.5%); coleoptera (3.1%); lepidoptera (0.8%); hymenoptera (12.3%); diptera (10.0%); orthoptera (1.5%) % of total items in stomach contents; Ensatina size class >45 mm % Not Reported Not Reported Multonmah County <22 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition acarina (32.5%); araneida (22.6%); non-insect arthropods (22.6%); collembola (16.1%); coleoptera (6.5%) % of total items in stomach contents; Ensatina size class <45 mm % Not Reported Not Reported Multonmah County <22 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Comparison of food habits of Ensatina eschscholtzii and Aneides lugubris

Author(s)
Zweifel, Richard G.
Pages
285-287
Year
Volume
1949
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition sow bugs (42%); centipedes (42%); spiders (60%); springtails (47%); beetles (36%); caterpillars (5%); ants (13%) % of stomach containing food item % Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Dixie Canyon 45 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Contribution to the natural history of the Plethodont salamander Ensatina eschscholtzii

Author(s)
Gnaedinger, Leslie McKay and Charles A. Reed
Pages
187-196
Year
Volume
1948
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 0.26 0.05 - 0.49 g Not Reported Juvenile Portland, Multnomah County 23 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 1.60 0.70 - 3.28 g Both Male and Female Juvenile Portland, Multnomah County 37 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 4.30 2.58 - 5.08 g Female Adult Portland, Multnomah County 11 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 2.80 1.45 - 5.80 g Male Adult Portland, Multnomah County 19 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Crustacea (1); Arachnida (19); Diplopoda (5); Chilopoda (3); Hexapoda (32) number of each item in stomach contents Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Portland, Multnomah County 21 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Natural history of the salamanders of the plethodontid genus Ensatina

Author(s)
Stebbins, Robert C.
Pages
47-124
Year
Volume
54
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Home Range 17.3 average distance moved between recaptures 2.5 - 63.7 ft Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 13 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range 32.8 average distance moved between recaptures 5.2 - 106.6 ft Male Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 17 Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density estimated maximum density 170 - 200 #/acre Both Male and Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density estimated maximum density 600 - 700 #/acre Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutches or Litters per year 1 clutch/yr Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 11 # large ovarian eggs/female 8 - 17 #/clutch Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 26 Exposure Factor Datasets
Growth Rate see citation figure of growth rates based on changes in snout-vent length Both Male and Female Juvenile Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Longevity range of oldest individuals recorded 6 - 8 yrs Both Male and Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 3 Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Sexual Maturity 3 - 4 yrs Both Male and Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition earthworm (1); sowbugs (14); amphipod (1); centipede (1); millipede (4); spiders (6); springtail (1); thysanuran (1); camel crickets (15); lepidopterous larva (1); dipteran (1); beetles (5); ant (1) number of each food item in stomachs # Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 27 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 6 5 - 7 g Both Male and Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park 9 Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 4 - 5 mo Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying late spring - early summer time of laying Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying Oct. - Mar. time of breeding Both Male and Female Adult Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition fall - early winter Not Reported Embryo Pinehurst Madrone Grove Park Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition sowbug (1); centipede (1); millipede (6); spiders (7); wood ticks (2); scavenger mite (1); solpugid (1); springtails (5); worker termites (15); hemipteran (1); fly (1); beetles (11); ants (2) number of each food item in stomachs # Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles Madelia Canyon 8 Exposure Factor Datasets

Taricha torosa

Citation:

Taricha tarosa (Rathke), California newt

Author(s)
Nussbaum, Ronald A. and Edmund D. Brodie, Jr.
Pages
1-4
Year
Volume
273
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Rana aurora

Citation:

Rana aurora (Baird and Girard), Red-legged frog

Author(s)
Altig, Ronald and Philip C. Dumas
Pages
1-4
Year
Volume
160
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Time of Mating/ Laying review Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of introduced bullfrogs and smallmouth bass on microhabitat use, growth, and survival of native red-legged frogs (Rana aurora)

Author(s)
Kiesecker, Joseph M. and Andrew R. Blaustein
Pages
776-787
Year
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean see citation figure of mean mass of larvae with and without bullfrog presence Not Reported Hatchling field enclosures at E.E. Wilson Wildlife Refuge, Benton County 100-150 Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning see citation figure of mean time to metamorphosis with and without bullfrog presence Not Reported Hatchling field enclosures at E.E. Wilson Wildlife Refuge, Benton County 100-150 Exposure Factor Datasets

Rana draytonii

Citation:

Biology of the California red-legged frog: A synopsis

Author(s)
Cook, David
Pages
79-82
Year
Volume
33
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Age at Sexual Maturity 2-4 yrs Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 3-5 mo Both Male and Female Tadpole Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis July - Sept. Both Male and Female Tadpole Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets

Ambystoma macrodactylum

Citation:

Interaction between introduced trout and larval salamanders (Ambystoma macrodactylum) in high-elevation lakes

Author(s)
Tyler, Torrey, William J. Liss, Lisa M. Ganio, Gary L. Larson, Robert Hoffman, Elisabeth Deimling and Gregg Lomnicky
Pages
94-105
Year
Volume
12
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density range of larval density estimates in 8 fishless lakes utilizing 3 survey methodologies during day and night 0 - 383 larvae/100 m shoreline Both Male and Female Juvenile North Cascades National Park Service Complex Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition Benthic macroinvertebrates (75%): Diptera (66.7); Chironomidae (41.7%); Coleoptera (58.3%); Trichoptera (50%); Ephemeroptera (25%); Amphipoda (16.7%); Plecoptera (8.3%); Pelecypoda (8.3%); Crustacean zooplankton (41.7%): Cladocerans (41.7%); Unidentified (41.7%); Imm. Daphnids (25.0%); Daphnia rosea (25%); Ceriodaphnia quadrangula (16.7%); Chydorus spaericus (8.3%); Copepods (16.7%); Cylopoids (16.7%); Calanoids (8.3%); Harpactacoids (8.3%) % larvae stomachs that contained prey item % Not Reported Juvenile North Cascades National Park Service Complex 13 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Methoxychlor alters hatching and larval startle response in the salamander Ambystoma macrodactylum

Author(s)
Ingermann, R.L., D.C. Bencic and V.P. Eroschenko
Pages
815-821
Year
Volume
59
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 15.4 0.3 SE mg Not Reported Juvenile 3 Exposure Factor Datasets

Anaxyrus boreas

Citation:

Western toad, Bufo boreas, in southern Utah: Notes on a single population along the east fork of the Sevier River

Author(s)
Robinson, Megan, Michael P. Donovan and Terry D. Schwaner
Pages
87-89
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Body Weight - Mean 64.6 mean and range of body weights 52 - 80 g Male Adult Garfield County 17 Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 92.9 mean and range of body weight 52 - 115 g Female Adult Garfield County 18 Exposure Factor Datasets
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