Anaxyrus boreas

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Western Toad (Anaxyrus boreas formerly Bufo boreas)

Citation:
Author(s)
Porter, Kenneth R and Dean E. Hakanson
Pages
327-331
Year
Issue
2
Volume
1976
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
IRON SULFATE increase @ 30-288 mg/l Not Reported Juvenile 5-25/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets larvae Laboratory
ZINC SULFATE increase @ 39 mg/l 100% mortality reported Not Reported Juvenile 5-25/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets larvae Laboratory
COPPER SULFATE increase @ 3.7 mg/l 100% mortality reported Not Reported Juvenile 5-25/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets larvae Laboratory
Citation:
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
FENTHION decrease @ 60 ppb temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint Not Reported Juvenile 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
CHLORPYRIFOS decrease @ 30 and 60 ppb temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint Not Reported Juvenile 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
METHYLPARATHION decrease @ 25 and 50 ppb temperature tolerance, estimated by heating water at 1C/3min and using onset of spasms in frogs as the endpoint Not Reported Juvenile 10 animals/replicate; 2 replicates/dose Toxicity Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:
Author(s)
Sivula, Janice C., Michael C. Mix and Donald S. McKenzie
Pages
309-313
Year
Issue
4
Volume
28
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Lab
Body Weight - Mean 0.463 g Not Reported Tadpole 26 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 40 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.115 g Not Reported Tadpole 25 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 46 Laboratory
Metabolic Rate range of mean oxygen consumption rates for 11 tadpole stages ul O2/g wet wt./hr Not Reported Tadpole 10-84/age group Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stages 20-46 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.01 g Not Reported Tadpole 84 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 20 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.02 g Not Reported Tadpole 42 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 26 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.117 g Not Reported Tadpole 39 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 30 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.187 g Not Reported Tadpole 39 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 32 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.440 g Not Reported Tadpole 26 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 35 Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 0.458 g Not Reported Tadpole 26 Exposure Factor Datasets Gosner stage 37 Laboratory
Citation:
Author(s)
Hayes, Tyrone, Ruth Chan and Paul Licht
Pages
206-215
Year
Volume
266
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Age-Specific Error
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis May - June Not Reported Tadpole Not Reported San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 0.429 g Not Reported 20 San Joaquin Valley Exposure Factor Datasets "newly metamorphosed toadlets" 0.02 SE
Citation:
Author(s)
Hutchinson, Victor H., W.G. Whitford and M. Kohl
Pages
65-85
Year
Volume
41
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate 30.80 Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 15C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 25.54 Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 15C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 71.2 Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 25C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 32.54 Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 25C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 8 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 29.41 Pulmonary oxygen uptake at 5C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate 26.86 Cutaneous oxygen uptake at 5C ul O2/g/hr Not Reported 10 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:
Author(s)
Hillman, Stanley S., Philip C. Withers
Pages
2100 - 2105
Year
Issue
11
Volume
57
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type Lab
Metabolic Rate Log VO2 = 0.75(Log BW) - 2.43 regression equation relating resting oxygen consumption (VO2; cm3 O2/min) to log body weight (BW; g) at 25-27C cm3 O2/min Not Reported Not Reported 13 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Metabolic Rate Log VO2 = 0.82(Log BW) - 1.40 regression equation relating active oxygen consumption (VO2; cm3 O2/min) to log body weight (BW; g) at 25-27C cm3 O2/min Not Reported Not Reported 76 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Body Weight - Mean 22.5 g Not Reported Not Reported 76 Exposure Factor Datasets Laboratory
Citation:
Author(s)
Miller, J.D.
Pages
243-249
Year
Issue
3
Volume
52
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Dietary Composition Coleoptera (23.3%); Diptera (0.4%); Hymenoptera (75.3%); Lepidoptera (0.6%); Orthoptera (0.4%); Arachnoida (3.0%) and Diplopoda (0.6%) % frequency of occurrence of prey items in stomach contents % Not Reported Not Reported 7 Northern Flathead Valley Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Author(s)
Olson, Deanna H., Andrew R. Blaustein, Richard K. O'Hara
Pages
351-356
Year
Volume
70
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Time of Mating/ Laying May - July time of mating Both Male and Female Adult Not Reported Deschutes and Linn counties (elev., 1220-1950m) Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Author(s)
Samollow, Paul B.
Pages
18-39
Year
Issue
1
Volume
34
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Clutch or Litter Size 12,000 # eggs/spawn Female Adult Not Reported Lost Lake, Linn county Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Author(s)
Robinson, Megan, Michael P. Donovan and Terry D. Schwaner
Pages
87-89
Year
Volume
58
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Location Type
Body Weight - Mean 64.6 mean and range of body weights g Male Adult 17 Garfield County Exposure Factor Datasets
Body Weight - Mean 92.9 mean and range of body weight g Female Adult 18 Garfield County Exposure Factor Datasets
OEHHA California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment