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Empidonax traillii (Willow Flycatcher)

Citation:

Food habits of the Southwestern Willow Flycatcher during the nesting season.

Author(s)
Drost, C.A., Paxton, E.H., Sogge, M.K. and Whitfield, M.J.
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition Diptera: 74.6, Hemiptera: 64.4, Coleoptera: 52.5, Oldonata: 40.7, Hymenoptera/flying: 35.6, Cicadellidae: 35.6, Araneae: 30.5, plant: 13.6, Leipidoptera larva: 11.9, unidentified insect: 10.2, Homoptera/other: 8.5, Lepidoptera adult: 6.8, Isoptera: 6.8, Formicidae: 3.4 Diet based on fecal samples Percent occurrence in samples NR Not Reported Kern River Preserve 59 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Age, habitat, and yearly variation in the diet of a generalist insectivore, the southwestern willow flycatcher.

Author(s)
Durst, S.L., Theimer, T.C., Paxton, E.H. and Sogge, M.K.
Issue
3
Volume
110
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Dietary Composition See citation Figures 1 & 3 Diet based on fecal samples Frequency detected Adult Roosevelt Lake 100 Exposure Factor Datasets
Dietary Composition See citation Figure 1 & 4 Diet based on fecal samples Frequency detected Nestling Roosevelt Lake 98 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Territoriality, site fidelity, and survivorship of Willow Flycatchers wintering in Costa Rica.

Author(s)
Koronkiewicz, T.J., Sogge, M.K. and Paxton, E.H.
Issue
3
Volume
108
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Error Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Home Range Chomes site: 0.48, Bolson site: 0.82 Chomes site: 0.04, Bolson site: 0.08 ha M Adult Chomes site: 10⁰05'N, 85⁰05'W, Bolson site: 10⁰20'N, 85⁰25'W Chomes: 47, Bolson: 44 Exposure Factor Datasets
Home Range Chomes site: 0.46, Bolson site: 0.77 Chomes site: 0.05, Bolson site: 0.18 F Adult Chomes site: 10⁰05'N, 85⁰05'W, Bolson site: 10⁰20'N, 85⁰25'W Chomes: 69, Bolson: 25 Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Southwestern Willow Flycatcher populations in California: distribution, abundance, and potential for conservation.

Author(s)
Kus, B.E., Beck, P.P. and Wells, J.M.
Volume
26
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Type
Population Density Review Pairs/site B Adult Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success Review Nest success B Embryo Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Survivorship across the annual cycle of a migratory passerine, the willow flycatcher.

Author(s)
Paxton, E.H., Durst, S.L., Sogge, M.K., Koronkiewicz, T.J. and Paxton, K.L.
Volume
48
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Location Type
Survival/ Mortality Breeding grounds: 66 [64-69 (95%CI)], Wintering grounds: 65 [51-79 (95% CI)] Seasonal estimate % Breeding: Roosevelt Lake & San Pedro/Gila River confluence; wintering: Chomes site: 10⁰05'N, 85⁰05'W, Bolson site: 10⁰20'N, 85⁰25'W Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality Breeding grounds: 97 [96-97 (95%CI)], Wintering grounds: 96 [96-97 (95% CI)] Monthly estimate % Breeding: Roosevelt Lake & San Pedro/Gila River confluence; wintering: Chomes site: 10⁰05'N, 85⁰05'W, Bolson site: 10⁰20'N, 85⁰25'W Exposure Factor Datasets

Empidonax traillii

Citation:

Livestock management and productivity of willow flycatchers in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Valentine, Bradley E., Thomas A. Roberts, Stephen P. Boland and A. Peter Woodman
Pages
105-114
Year
Volume
24
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size range of clutch sizes 3-4 eggs Female Adult Sierra National Forest 6 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success range of hatching success 1-2 eggs/nest Not Reported Hatchling Sierra National Forest 6 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

A preliminary report on the biology of the willow flycatcher in the central Sierra Nevada

Author(s)
Stafford, Michael D. and Bradley E. Valentine
Pages
66-77
Year
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Nesting May-August inclusive of pairing through departure from nesting territory Both Male and Female Adult Sierra National Forest 15 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Territory Size range of territory sizes during the breeding season 650-4131 m^2 Both Male and Female Adult Sierra National Forest 15 birds Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 75% hatching success among total eggs laid Both Male and Female Hatchling Sierra National Forest 8 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 50% proportion of nestlings known or believed to have fledged Both Male and Female Fledgling Sierra National Forest 8 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Traill's flycatcher breeding biology

Author(s)
Holcomb, Larry C.
Pages
50-68
Year
Issue
3
Volume
40
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.68 mean first clutch size 0.1 SE 3-5 eggs Female Adult Toledo, Wooster, OH 31 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.14 mean clutch size in renests 0.1 SE 2-4 eggs Female Adult Toledo, Wooster, OH 29 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Duration of Incubation or Gestation 13.3 0.1 SE d Both Male and Female Embryo Toledo, Wooster, OH 28 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Age at Fledging, Metamorphosis, Weaning 12.3 0.1 SE 11-14 d Both Male and Female Fledgling Toledo, Wooster, OH 82 chicks Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of brood parasitism by brown-headed cowbirds on willow flycatcher nesting success along the Kern River, California

Author(s)
Harris, John H.
Pages
13-26
Year
Volume
22
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate 16% Percent of nests that fledged young Not Reported Fledgling Kern River Preserve 19 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Ecology of a Sierra Nevada population of willow flycatchers

Author(s)
Flett, Mary Anne and Susan D. Sanders
Pages
37-42
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal early to mid-June timing of arrival of spring migrants Both Male and Female Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Mating/ Laying mid-June time by which first eggs laid Both Male and Female Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Hatching or Parturition June 30 time by which first eggs hatched Both Male and Female Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis July 15-August 13 dates on which first and last young fledged Both Male and Female Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Migration or Dispersal August 31 date by which last fall migrants departed Both Male and Female Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.3 average number of fledglings per nest 1.3 SD 0-3 or 4 fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 29% total egg-to-fledgling success rate Not Reported Fledgling Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 5 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 24/31 total number of eggs hatched relative to estimate of total eggs laid eggs hatched/eggs laid Not Reported Nestling Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 11 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Territory Size 3000 average territory size of paired males based on observed perch locations 2000 SD 800-7000 m^2 Male Adult Perazzo Meadows, Lacey Valley (32 km NW of Truckee) 8 territories Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Clutch or Litter Size 3.68 mean clutch size in first nests 0.1 SE 3-5 eggs/nest Female Adult Wooster and Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 31 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Clutch or Litter Size 3.14 mean clutch size in renests 0.1 SE 2-4 eggs/nest Female Adult Wooster and Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 29 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Nest success and age-specific mortality in Traill's flycatchers

Author(s)
Holcomb, Larry C.
Pages
837-841
Year
Volume
89
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Fledging or Weaning Rate 36.4% percent of young fledged of total eggs laid Not Reported Fledgling Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 272 eggs, 91 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Hatching Success 54.8 % percent of eggs hatched of total eggs laid Not Reported Hatchling Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 272 eggs, 91 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Fledging or Weaning Rate 1.11 mean fledglings in nests of known numbers of eggs fledglings/nest Not Reported Fledgling Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 89 nests Exposure Factor Datasets
Survival/ Mortality see figure in citation figure showing percent survival over time of eggs and nestlings Not Reported Embryo, Nestling Wooster, Toledo, OH; Fremont, NE 272 eggs, 91 nests Exposure Factor Datasets

Empidonax traillii ssp. extimus

Citation:

Breeding ecology of a willow flycatcher population in Grand Canyon, Arizona

Author(s)
Brown, Bryan T.
Pages
25-33
Year
Volume
19
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Range Units Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Population Density population density in a 360 km riparian corridor as indicated by song counts 2-11 singing males/yr Male Adult Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park 6 sampling yrs Exposure Factor Datasets
Population Density population density in a 360 km riparian corridor as indicated by active nest counts 2-4 nests found/yr Both Male and Female Adult Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park 6 sampling yrs Exposure Factor Datasets
Time of Nesting June 2-July 10 estimated length of breeding season (period when eggs or young are in the nest) Both Male and Female Adult Colorado River, Grand Canyon National Park 6 sampling yrs Exposure Factor Datasets
Citation:

Empidonax traillii extimus: An endangered subspecies

Author(s)
Unitt, Philip
Pages
137-162
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Type
Time of Nesting June 1 estimated beginning of nesting based on historic egg collections Both Male and Female Adult coastal southern CA; Colorado River; upper San Pedro River, AZ 187 dated egg sets Exposure Factor Datasets

Empidonax traillii ssp. brewsteri

Citation:

Empidonax traillii extimus: An endangered subspecies

Author(s)
Unitt, Philip
Pages
137-162
Year
Volume
18
Exposure Endpoint Type Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Type
Time of Migration or Dispersal May 15 date of earliest arrival of spring migrants Both Male and Female Not Reported Not Reported Exposure Factor Datasets
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