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Falco sparverius

Citation:

Lead in hawks, falcons and owls downstream from a mining site on the Coeur D'Alene River, Idaho

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus, David J. Hoffman and Robert A. Grove
Pages
267-288
Year
Volume
29
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.46 ug/g at study area 0.25 ug/g at reference area mean lead concentration in blood (wet wt) Both Male and Female Adult Coeur D'Alene River 3 (study area) 6 (reference) 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased red blood cell delta aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (relative to control) Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Coeur D'Alene River 33 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased hematocrit Both Male and Female Juvenile Coeur D'Alene River 30 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS decreased hemoglobin (relative to control) Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Coeur D'Alene River 33 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - cellular/biochemical effects NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS 0.23 ug/g (wet wt) mean lead concentration in liver Both Male and Female Juvenile Coeur D'Alene River 30 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-EXP IND - accumulation NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD COMPOUNDS no effect number of young produced Both Male and Female Adult Coeur D'Alene River 20 nests 3.0-1640 ug/g (wet wt) in prey species TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Birds of prey, DDT, and tussock moths in Pacific Northwest

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J.
Pages
397-411
Year
Volume
42
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 6.42 ppm mean DDT concentration in eggs 0-0.8 mi from sprayed area Both Male and Female Embryo La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 10.4% decrease change in mean eggshell thickness (relative to control) 0-0.8 miles from sprayed area Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-REPRO - physiology 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) no effect mean productivity (young produced) Both Male and Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 21 eggs 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-REPRO - reproductive success 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
DDT (Technical Grade Mixture) 0.78 ppm mean DDT concentration in plasma of birds sampled 0-1.5 mi from sprayed area Both Male and Female Adult La Grande-Enterprise (OR), Potlatch (ID) 23 birds 0.75 lb/ac application TOX-EXP IND - accumulation 1 yr diet Toxicity Factor Datasets

Athene cunicularia

Citation:

Is the operational use of strychnine to control ground squirrels detrimental to burrowing owls?

Author(s)
James, Paul C., Glen A. Fox and Thomas J. Ethier
Pages
120-123
Year
Issue
4
Volume
24
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
STRYCHNINE no effect proportion of pairs that raised at least 1 young Both Male and Female Adult Saskatchewan 27 pr 2.5 mg/g dry bait application for ground squirrels TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet (secondary exposure) Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE no effect number of young produced per nest attempt Both Male and Female Juvenile Saskatchewan 27 pr 2.5 mg/g dry bait application for ground squirrels TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet (secondary exposure) Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE no effect number of chicks produced per successful pair Both Male and Female Juvenile Saskatchewan 27 pr 2.5 mg/g dry bait application for ground squirrels TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR diet (secondary exposure) Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE no effect chick mass index Both Male and Female Juvenile Saskatchewan 27 pr 2.5 mg/g dry bait application for ground squirrels TOX-REPRO - development NR diet (secondary exposure) Toxicity Factor Datasets
STRYCHNINE decrease adult body weight Both Male and Female Adult Saskatchewan 27 pr 2.5 mg/g dry bait application for ground squirrels TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal NR diet (secondary exposure) Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Heptachlor seed treatment contaminates hawks, owls, and eagles of Columbia Basin, Oregon

Author(s)
Henny, Charles J., Lawrence J. Blus and T. Earl Kaiser
Pages
41-48
Year
Issue
2
Volume
18
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
HEPTACHLOR no effect mean clutch size Female Adult Columbia Basin 6 nests 0.16-0.19 ppm (wet wt) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets
HEPTACHLOR no effect eggshell thickness Female Adult Columbia Basin 6 nests 0.16-0.19 ppm (wet wt) TOX-REPRO - physiology NR in ovo Toxicity Factor Datasets

Zenaida macroura

Citation:

Effects of urban pesticide applications on nesting success of songbirds

Author(s)
Brehmer, Paul M. and Raymond K. Anderson
Pages
352-359
Year
Volume
48
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
ACEPHATE, CARBARYL, DIAZINON no effect percent nest success, eggs hatched, and nestlings fledged Both Male and Female Both Adults and Juveniles Winnebago, Outagamie, Calumet Counties 37 nests 601 ppm acephate, 1196 ppm carbaryl, or 598 ppm diazinon application rates TOX-REPRO - reproductive success NR field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
CARBARYL decreased at 1196 ppm carbaryl plasma cholinesterase activity Both Male and Female Nestling Winnebago, Outagamie, Calumet Counties 37 nests 1196 ppm carbaryl application rate TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
ACEPHATE, CARBARYL, DIAZINON no effect brain cholinesterase activity Both Male and Female Nestling Winnebago, Outagamie, Calumet Counties 37 nests 601 ppm acephate, 1196 ppm carbaryl, or 598 ppm diazinon application rates TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers NR field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Avian populations in herbicide treated brush fields

Author(s)
Beaver, Donald L.
Pages
543-553
Year
Issue
3
Volume
93
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
TRICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID (2,4,5-) increased post-application from 1 to 4.1 birds per 40 ha population density Adult Truckee area 9 censuses pre- and post-spray 0.72 kg/ha TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - indirect effects NR field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Avian nesting success and diversity in conventionally and organically managed apple orchards

Author(s)
Fluetsch, Kimberly M. and Donald W. Sparling
Pages
1651-1659
Year
Issue
10
Volume
13
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION), DIMETHOATE, ENDOSULFAN, METHYLPARATHION, PARATHION, PERMETHRIN, THIRAM, ZIRAM decreased in conventional orchards daily survival rates Not Reported Nestling York Springs, Adams Co. 29 conventional nests organic or conventional pest management (standard application rates) TOX-MORT - mortality in the field breeding period field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION), DIMETHOATE, ENDOSULFAN, METHYLPARATHION, PARATHION, PERMETHRIN, THIRAM, ZIRAM decreased in conventional orchards hatching success Not Reported Nestling York Springs, Adams Co. 29 conventional nests organic or conventional pest management (standard application rates) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success breeding period field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
AZINPHOS-METHYL (GUTHION), DIMETHOATE, ENDOSULFAN, METHYLPARATHION, PARATHION, PERMETHRIN, THIRAM, ZIRAM no effect numbers of eggs laid or number of fledglings produced Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles York Springs, Adams Co. 29 conventional nests organic or conventional pest management (standard application rates) TOX-REPRO - reproductive success breeding period field application Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Bird poisoning from misuse of the carbamate furadan in a Texas rice field

Author(s)
Flickinger, Edward L., Christine A. Mitchell, Donald H. White and Elizabeth J. Kolbe
Pages
59-62
Year
Volume
14
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Location Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
CARBOFURAN 4 carcass count in a treated rice field Not Reported Not Reported Lavaca Bay area Not Reported 22.0-91.0 ppm, wet wt, measured on rice grains TOX-MORT - mortality in the field NR diet Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of diet and cold exposure on captive female mourning doves dosed with lead shot

Author(s)
Marn, Carolyn M., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
589-594
Year
Volume
17
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) no effect mortality in dosed birds Female Adult 12/group 1#8 lead shot (70.0 +/- 0.5 mg) TOX-MORT - dose-response data single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) no effect body weight Female Adult 12/group 1#8 lead shot (70.0 +/- 0.5 mg) TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - whole animal single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 65.4-123.2 ug/g, dry wt mean lead concentrations in femur (greater accumulation with mixed seed vs. pelleted diet) Female Adult 12/group 1#8 lead shot (70.0 +/- 0.5 mg) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 2.80-4.98 ug/g, dry wt mean lead concentrations in liver (greater accumulation with mixed seed vs. pelleted diet) Female Adult 12/group 1#8 lead shot (70.0 +/- 0.5 mg) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 47.2-190.7 ug/g, dry wt mean lead concentrations in kidney (greater accumulation with mixed seed vs. pelleted diet) Female Adult 12/group 1#8 lead shot (70.0 +/- 0.5 mg) TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on captive mourning dove survivability and reproduction

Author(s)
Buerger, Theodore T., Ralph E. Mirarchi and Michael E. Lisano
Pages
1-8
Year
Issue
1
Volume
50
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Error Range Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) increased at all doses mortality Not Reported Adult 25 birds/dose 0, 1, 2, or 4 #8 lead shots TOX-MORT - dose-response data single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) no effect female fertility or productivity, egg weight and size Female Adult 25 birds/dose 0, 1 #8 lead shots TOX-REPRO - physiology single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) decreased hatchability Not Reported Hatchling 25 birds/dose 0, 1 #8 lead shots TOX-REPRO - reproductive success single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) no effect body weight at hatch Not Reported Hatchling 25 birds/dose 0, 1 #8 lead shots TOX-REPRO - development single oral (parent) Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) no effect mortality Female Adult 25 birds/dose 0, 1 #8 lead shots TOX-MORT - dose-response data single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 169.2 ug/g, dry wt. lead concentration in bone 33.9 SE 58.1-356.4 Not Reported Adult 10 birds two #8 lead shots TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
LEAD (elemental) 198.2 ug/g, dry wt lead concentration in bone 39.9 SE 46.7-435.0 Not Reported Adult 10 birds four #8 lead shots TOX-EXP IND - accumulation single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Effects of lead shot ingestion on free-ranging mourning doves

Author(s)
Carrington, Mary E., and Ralph E. Mirarchi
Pages
173-179
Year
Volume
43
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Type
LEAD (elemental) no effect post-dosing survival of free-ranging radio-transmittered birds Not Reported Both Adults and Juveniles 26 treated birds, 29 control birds one #8 lead shot TOX-MORT - mortality in the field single Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Tissue lead concentrations and blood characteristics of mourning doves from southwestern Virginia

Author(s)
Kendall, Ronald J. and Patrick F. Scanlon
Pages
269-272
Year
Volume
11
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) decreased blood delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity Not Reported Not Reported 5 birds one #8 lead shot TOX-EXP IND - biomarkers single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
Citation:

Histologic and ultrastructural lesions of mourning doves (Zenaida macroura) poisoned by lead shot

Author(s)
Kendall, Ronald J., Patrick F. Scanlon and Hugo P. Veit
Pages
952-956
Year
Issue
6
Volume
62
Chemical Endpoint Value Endpoint Description Sex Life Cycle Stage Sample Size Tox Exposure Toxicity Endpoint Type Tox Exposure Duration Tox Exposure Technique Type
LEAD (elemental) light lesions present histological exam of acid-fast intranuclear inclusions of cells of kidney proximal convoluted tubules Not Reported Not Reported 2 four #8 lead shots TOX-Non-Repro-Sublethal - organ/system effects single oral Toxicity Factor Datasets
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