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Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Error | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Water Ingestion Rate | 6.9 | daily ad libitum water consumption of captive birds as percent of body weight | 0.9 | % body weight/day | Not Reported | Not Reported | captured in Santa Monica Mountains | 11 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | 7.7 | average body weight | g | Not Reported | Hatchling | near Orondo, Douglas County | 15 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Body Weight - Mean | 79.0 | average body weight | g | Not Reported | Fledgling | near Orondo, Douglas County | 15 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | halogeton (22.0% +/- 33.9), pigweed (3.9% +/- 13.5), common vetch (4.1% +/-17.9), Indian ricegrass (26.1% +/- 37.6), collomia(6.7% +/- 21.6), barnyard grass (0.3% +/- 5.0), gromwell (0.4% +/- 3.7), wheat (13.2% +/- 29.9), oats (0.6% +/- 4.2), cottonwood (1.6% +/- 11.6), other species (1.7% +/- 7.9), grit (13.9% +/- 23.9) | percent occurrence by mass in crop contents (mean +/- SD) | % | Not Reported | Not Reported | Idaho National Engineering Laboratory | 223 birds | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Nesting | April-October | period from onset of egg laying through fledging | Both Male and Female | Adult | Madelia Research Center, Watonwan County | ~81 nests/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Population Density | range of total annual nesting population, over 3 yrs | 65-100 | pairs | Both Male and Female | Adult | Madelia Research Center, Watonwan County | 65-100 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | number of young fledged per nesting attempt | 1.09-1.21 | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Madelia Research Center, Watonwan County | ~81 nests/year | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Survival/ Mortality | 37.3% (before hatch), 9.2% (after hatch) | percent of eggs or young lost before and after hatch | Both Male and Female | Embryo, Juvenile | Madelia Research Center, Watonwan County | 634 eggs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Nesting | March-September | period of active nesting | Both Male and Female | Adult | Texas A&M College campus | 648 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Population Density | 165 | peak monthly nesting density in study area | nests/81 acres | Both Male and Female | Adult | Texas A&M College campus | 648 nests | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Clutches or Litters per year | 4.4 | mean number of nest attempts made per pair per year | 3-6 | nests/yr | Both Male and Female | Adult | Texas A&M College campus | 7 marked pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 6.7 | mean number of fledglings produced per adult female | fledglings/female | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Texas A&M College campus | 7 marked pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Survival/ Mortality | 86% | estimated mortality rate in the first year, based on band returns | Both Male and Female | Juvenile | Texas A&M College campus | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 24.5; 15.4; 5.4 | depending on habitat type | nesting pairs/ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Petaluma marsh | 4 (nesting pair density) | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Territory Size | 387; 498; 644 | depending upon habitat type | m2 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Petaluma marsh | 8-11 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 16.6-32.4 (salt marsh), 10.6-13.1 (altered salt marsh), 16.6-24.7 (brackish marsh), 9.1-17.5 (altered brackish marsh) | breeding population densities | pairs/ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Suisun Bay; San Francisco Bay; San Pablo Bay | 26 sample areas | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Territory Size | 0.21;0.26 | rural; suburban | ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Amherst MA, 42 deg.22' N., 72 deg. 30' W | 10 territories | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Molt | June-September | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte Island | 69 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Error | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.58; 3.42 | 0.1; 0.19 | Both Male and Female | Adult | Mandarte Island | 140; 89 | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Body Weight - Mean | see table 1 | Not Reported | Nestling | San Miguel Island | 6-33 nestlings | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | see table 1 | Both Male and Female | Adult | San Francisco Bay region | 64 sites | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 15.6-27.4 (brackish marsh), 9.1-20.5 (altered brackish marsh) | breeding population densities | pairs/ha | Both Male and Female | Adult | Suisun Bay; San Francisco Bay; San Pablo Bay | 11 sample areas | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Description | Range | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metabolic Rate | total daily energy expenditure | 54-69 | kJ/h | Male | Adult | Hudson Biological Reserve | 2-4 birds per breeding phase | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.39 | mean clutch size | eggs/clutch | Female | Adult | 18 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.78 | mean number of fledglings per nest | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | 18 clutches | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Population Density | 17 | pairs/172 miles of river | Both Male and Female | Adult | Yukon River | 17 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.09 | average number of eggs or downy chicks per pair | eggs or downy chicks/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | Yukon River | 11 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 1.80 | average number of fledged or nearly fledged young per occupied cliff | fledglings/nest | Both Male and Female | Adult | Yukon River | 12 pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Dietary Composition | waterfowl (50%), shorebirds (10-12%), small gulls (10-15%), small land birds (20%), small mammals (2-3%) | dietary contribution of groups of species, by weight, based on collection of remains at nests | Both Male and Female | Adult, Chick | Yukon River | 329 prey items | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Nesting | Mar. - June | time when eggs were laid to time when all young abandoned nests | Female | Adult | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Mar. | time of laying | Female | Adult | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Time of Hatching or Parturition | Mar. - Apr. | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Time of Fledging or Metamorphosis | May - June | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Clutch or Litter Size | 3.3 | average clutch size | eggs/nest | Female | Adult | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Fledging or Weaning Rate | 2.6 | average fledging rate | fledglings/active nest | Both Male and Female | Fledgling | Ojo de Liebre Lagoon, Baja California | 3 breeding pairs | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dietary Composition | Holboell's grebe (2.4%); green-winged teal (9.7%); buffle-head (2.7%); sparrow hawk (2.4%); spruce grouse (2.4%); ruffed grouse (2.4%); lesser yellow-legs (9.7%); gulls (19.6%); hawk owl (2.4%); northern flicker (2.4%); Alaska jay (12.5%); Hudsonian chickadee (2.4%); gray-cheeked thrush (2.4%); rusty blackbird (2.4%); pine grosbeak (2.4%); robin (4.9%); unidentified passerines (17.0%) | estimated from prey item remains lying about the bluffs in study area | % total prey | Not Reported | Not Reported | Tanana River, Chena | 52 prey items | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Endpoint Description | Units | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Location | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time of Mating/ Laying | Feb. - Mar. | time of mating | Both Male and Female | Adult | Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo Leon | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | |
Time of Hatching or Parturition | Apr. | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo Leon | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets | ||
Hatching Success | 1.8 | average over 4 yr study period | young/successful nesting | Both Male and Female | Hatchling | Sierra Madre Oriental, Nuevo Leon | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |
Exposure Endpoint Type | Endpoint Value | Sex | Life Cycle Stage | Sample Size | Type |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Clutch or Litter Size | review | Female | Adult | Not Reported | Exposure Factor Datasets |